IFY2-21&2FY2-21(session 2021-22)

EXPERIMENT-3

OBJECT: To determine the dissolved 02 (D.0) strength (PPM) in given water sample.
APPARATUS: 250 ml DO bottle, Burette (50 ml), Pipette (20 ml), Bcakers, conical flask (250 ml),.

REAGENTS:
N/40 K,Cr;0, solution Distilled water, MnSO. (Manganous sulphate) solution, alkaline
potassium iodide azide solution, Conc. H,SO, solution, Dil. H,SO, solution (10%) KI Solution,
starch solution and sodium thiosulphate solution (Hypo).
THEORY:
Dissolve O2 is estimated using the Winkler's or lodometric method. Manganese sulphate reacts
oxidized to
with alkali(KOH) (during fixation) to form a white precipitate of Mn(OH)2, which gets
form I2
brown precipitate of MnO(0H)2. In acidic medium, Mn ions are reduced by I ions to
(iodine). The amount of I2 liberated is equivalent to the amount of oxygen in the sample. This I2 is
of Mn (II) salts
titrated with standard Na2S203 solution. Fast quantification is ensured by addition
SO3 present
in strongly alkaline medium. Interference due to oxidizing agents such as NO2 and
in waste water is eliminated by addition of sodium azide
(NaN3) to the solutiori and on
acidification, NO2 is decomposed.
MnSO4 + KOH Mn (OH) 2+ K;SO4
2Mn(O) 2+ 02 2MnO(OH))2

2Mn0(0H)2 + conc.H2SO4 MnSO4 +2H20 + |O]

K2S04 + H20+ I2
2KI + H2SO4 +[O
l2 + 2Na2S2O3 NazS4O%+ 2Nal

KPROCEDURE:
 IFY2-21&2FY2-2 l(session 202 1-22)
12. In other conical flask take 100 ml of above solution and titrate it with sodium thiosulphate
solution. When solution becomes light yellow, add 3-4 drops of starch to it.
13 Again add hypo trom burette to conical flask till bluc color disappears. Note the burette
reading, this represents the end point.
14. Repeat the titration until we get concordant readings.
OBSERVATION TABLES:
1. TITRATION OF STANDARD KCr207 SOLUTION WITHINTERMEDIATE HYPO SOLUTION
Burçtte Rçading (Hypo)| Volume of Concordant
S. No. Volume of
IBR (ml) " BR (ml) hypo reading (ml)
K2Cr207 (ml) solution
Solution consumed

20 ml
20 ml
3 20 ml
V2 ml
2. TITRATION OF DETERMINATION OF D.0. IN WATER SAMPLE

S. No. Volume of
Bårette Reading (Hypo) Volume of Concordant
FBR (ml) hypo x reading (ml)
(D.O)Water solution
sample
consumed

20ml
2 20 ml
3 20 ml
V4ml
CALCULATIONS:
1. Determination of strength of hypo solution
[K;Crr0:] [Hypo]
NIVi = N2V2
N2 = NiV/V:
2. Determination of dissolved oxygen in water sample
[Water sample] [Hypo]
N3V3 NAV4
N3= N4V4/N3
3. Determination of
Strength (amount of dissolve O2) - N; x equivalent weight of 02
-N3 x 8 gmL.
RESULIT: N3 x 8 x 1000 mg L.
The amount of O2 (D.0) in a
given sanmple of water is mg/L
PRECAUTIONS:

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 IFY2-21 &&2FY2-21(session 2021-22)
The solution should be well shaken before cach titration.
2 Fixed amount of Indicator should be added during cach titration.
3 End point should be noted properly.
4 The glassware should be washed thoroughly with distilled water.
5 Allthe solution should be freshly prepared.
contact with the
6 The reagent should be added inside the bottle with help ofpipette to avoid air
samplec.
7 There should not be any bubble after the addition of reagent in the water sample.
VIVA-VOCE

1. Dissolved oxygcn nccessary in water why?

In the absence of sufficient amount of dissolved
Ans. Dissolved oxygen is necessary in water for aerobic activities.
smelling.
oxygen in water, the anaerobic activities of the pollutants make the water fowl

2. What do youunderstand by the phrase 'Fixation of dissolved oxygen "?

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alkaline medium. This process is known as
Ans. The DO in a sample is utilized to oxidation of Mnto Mn in
fixation of oxygen when acidify MnO(OH)2 gives back an cquivalent amount of oxygen.
3. Why starch indicator is added near the end point?
If concentration of iodine is high
Ans. Starch combines with trace of iodine to form blue colored surface complex.
broken by hypo solution to give the end
in solution, the complex formed is highly stable and cannot be easily in solution is very less as
concentration of iodine
point. Therefore; starch is added near the end point, when
shown by yellow color of solution.

4. How dissolved oxygen from water can be removed?

Ans. Dissolved oxygen can be removed from water by following methods:
(d) By adding N2H4
(a) By mechanical Dearation (b) By adding NazS03 (c) By adding NazS
5. What are the factors which affect D.0. in water or waste water?
physical, chemical and biochemical activities
Ans. D.0level depends on the various factors such as temperature,
in the water bodies.
determination?
6. Which type of reaction takes place in this
Ans. It is an lodometric reaction.

7. What is the effect of temperature on D.0.?

D.O.
Ans. Lower the temperature more is the D.O. whereas higher the temperature, lesser the
8. What is the normal level of D.0.?
Ans. Normal level of D.0. is between 6.8 to 7.5 ppm.

9. Why detcrmination of D. 0. is essential?

Ans. Oxygen is the chicf factor for Iiving organisms. D.0. is the sourcc of water body life. It decides the nature of
waste water treatment proccss.
10, What is the role of MnSO4?

Ans MnSs04 react with alkali (KOHNaOH) and converts it in Mn(OH)2 which react with oxvgen present
form MnO(OH)2.
 IFY2-21 &2FY2-2l(session 2021-22)

1. Name the product of brown precipitate forned inthe D.0.determination.

|Ans. It is a higher valency state hydroxide of mangancse.

12. What is the role of NaN ?

Ans, It checks the presence of nitrite (NO2 ).

13. Why the blue colour disappear at thc cnd of titration?

Ans. Because the salts formed in the rcaction are
colourless.

14. Name the gases dissolved in water that cause corrosion? Ans,
Carbon dioxidc, oxygcn and sulphur dioxIde.
15. What is Wink ler'sreagent ?
A ns. Manganese sulphate, alkali iodide and
conccntratcd sulphuric acid
16. What is the amount of
dissolved oxygen prescnt in pure water?
Ans. 7 - 9mg/L.
17. What is the importance of
dissolved
Ans. It is the fundamental requirement foroxygen?
survival of all aquatic living organisms.
I8. Why cstimation of dissolved
oxygen is of grcat significance?
Ans. Decrease in dissolved oxygen in water leads to decay and death of aquatics and causes
foul odour.
19. What is the role of KI uscd in
estimation?
Ans. KI liberates iodine. AImount of iodine
liberated is cqual to dissolved oxygen present.
20. What is Wink ler'sme tho d?
A ns . Estimating dissolved oxygen
using mangancsc sulphate, alkali iodide and concentrated sulphuric acid.

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