Test Bank for Anatomy and Physiology for Health Professions 4th Edition by Colbert

Test Bank for Anatomy and Physiology for Health

Professions 4th Edition by Colbert

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Anatomy & Physiology for Health Professions, 4e (Colbert)
Chapter 7 The Muscular System

7.1 Multiple Choice Questions

1) Thin myofilaments are made up of the protein ________.

A) Z lines
B) myosin
C) myofibril
D) actin
Answer: D

2) Muscles may be named according to ________.

A) speed
B) action
C) age
D) myofilament type
Answer: B

3) When the nervous system signals a muscle to contract, ________ ion channels open.
A) phosphorus
B) sodium
C) myosin
D) actin
Answer: B

4) Skeletal muscle produces body movement as well as maintains our ________ as we sit.
A) strength
B) vasodilation
C) vasoconstriction
D) posture
Answer: D

5) The ________ is the prime elbow flexor.

A) biceps femoris
B) biceps brachii
C) triceps brachii
D) flexor digitorum
Answer: B

6) The ________ muscle is located on the front of the lower leg.

A) gastrocnemium
B) latissimus dorsi
C) tibialis anterior
D) hamstring
Answer: C

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7) Which type of muscle will NOT regenerate once it is severely damaged?
A) Smooth
B) Visceral
C) Cardiac
D) Skeletal
Answer: C

8) Which term is used to designate muscle pain?

A) Myalgia
B) Ataxia
C) Paralysis
D) Spasm
Answer: A

9) Which disorder affects the peripheral nervous system usually with ascending paralysis starting
in the feet?
A) Muscular dystrophy
B) Guillain-Barré syndrome
C) Myasthenia gravis
D) Tetanus
Answer: B

10) Striated muscles, which appear to have stripes, are in which type of muscle?
A) Skeletal
B) Internal
C) Visceral
D) Smooth
Answer: A

11) Blood is pumped through the heart by which type of muscle?

A) Skeletal
B) Smooth
C) Cardiac
D) Visceral
Answer: C

12) The stationary attachment of the muscle is called the ________.

A) point of movement
B) point of insertion
C) point of control
D) point of origin
Answer: D

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13) The only muscle that possesses both voluntary and involuntary abilities is the ________.
A) heart
B) lung
C) diaphragm
D) brain
Answer: C

14) Rotation occurs when you have movement around a(n) ________.
A) axis
B) vessel
C) vertebrae
D) ball and socket
Answer: A

15) The muscle that enables a joint to bend is the ________.

A) flexion
B) flexor
C) extension
D) extensor
Answer: B

16) Muscle cells are made up of ________.

A) Z lines
B) myosin
C) myofibrils
D) actin
Answer: C

17) Shortened ________ shorten many muscle fibers to cause a muscle to contract.
A) sarcomeres
B) myosin
C) actin
D) Z lines
Answer: A

18) Skeletal muscles are able to contract ________ times faster than smooth muscle.
A) 20
B) 40
C) 50
D) 60
Answer: C

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19) Almost ________ percent of the body's weight comes from its muscles.
A) 15
B) 50
C) 65
D) 80
Answer: B

20) The muscle end that is attached to the moving bone is the ________.
A) point of movement
B) point of insertion
C) point of control
D) point of origin
Answer: B

21) A running-related inflammatory condition of the connective muscles surrounding the tibia is
commonly called ________.
A) a sprain
B) a hernia
C) shin splints
D) a strain
Answer: C

22) Myasthenia gravis is a ________ disease with gradually increasing profound muscle
weakness.
A) cancerous
B) cardiovascular
C) skeletomuscular
D) neuromuscular
Answer: D

23) The cause of fibromyalgia is ________.

A) unknown
B) acute injury
C) sudden, involuntary muscle spasms
D) bacterial infection
Answer: A

24) Muscular dystrophy is a(n) ________ muscular disease in which muscle fibers degenerate.
A) autoimmune
B) genetic
C) cancerous
D) acute
Answer: B

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25) The bacteria Clostridium tetani releases a toxin that causes ________, which creates rigid
paralysis.
A) tendonitis
B) ataxia
C) fibromyalgia
D) tetanus
Answer: D

26) A ________ is a tear or a break in a ligament.

A) spasm
B) sprain
C) cramp
D) strain
Answer: B

27) Atrophy means muscles ________.

A) have increased growth
B) waste away
C) will be scarred
D) develop excessively in childhood
Answer: B

28) The toxin used in Botox to treat wrinkles is ________.

A) Botulinum toxin
B) Clostridium tetani
C) staph
D) acetylcholine
Answer: A

29) A strain is a tear or injury in muscles or ________.

A) nerve fibers
B) cartilage
C) ligaments
D) tendons
Answer: D

30) The location of pain is confined to tender points in ________.

A) muscular dystrophy
B) tetanus
C) myasthenia gravis
D) fibromyalgia
Answer: D

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31) A voluntary muscle is ________.
A) a muscle of organs
B) visceral
C) smooth
D) under conscious control
Answer: D

32) This type of muscle tissue contains striations.

A) Involuntary muscle
B) Cardiac muscle
C) Smooth muscle
D) Visceral
Answer: B

33) Another name for visceral muscle is ________ muscle.

A) cardiac
B) voluntary
C) smooth
D) striated
Answer: C

34) Strength training causes ________.

A) muscle atrophy
B) a decrease in blood vessels to a muscle
C) muscle hypertrophy
D) a decrease in the number of mitochondria in a muscle cell
Answer: C

35) Muscles that cause movement are known as ________.

A) antagonists
B) agonists
C) secondary movers
D) points of insertion
Answer: B

36) The triceps brachii and the biceps brachii ________.

A) are synergistic for each other
B) both have their origin in the forearm
C) are antagonist to each other
D) both have their insertions in the shoulder
Answer: C

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37) Intercalated discs are found in ________.
A) striated muscle
B) cardiac muscle
C) smooth muscle
D) tendons
Answer: B

38) Wasting away or deterioration of muscle is called ________.

A) hypertrophy
B) ankylosis
C) atrophy
D) myositis
Answer: C

39) ________ is tissue death.

A) Tetanus
B) Ataxia
C) Hernia
D) Necrosis
Answer: D

40) A fibrous tissue that serves as an attachment for muscle to bone is ________.
A) a ligament
B) cartilage
C) adipose tissue
D) a tendon
Answer: D

41) Muscles needed for endurance require ________ than do less demanding muscles.
A) more nerves
B) a richer blood supply
C) less mass
D) more heat
Answer: B

42) The movement that is opposite of flexion is ________.

A) abduction
B) rotation
C) extension
D) supination
Answer: C

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43) ________ provides the energy to help the myosin heads form and break the crossbridges
with actin.
A) ATP
B) Calcium
C) Potassium
D) Vitamin D
Answer: A

44) All of the following can be used in naming a muscle EXCEPT ________.
A) location of attachments
B) size
C) color
D) shape
Answer: C

45) Pectoralis major is located in the ________.

A) elbow
B) chest
C) upper portion of the thigh
D) front of lower leg
Answer: B

46) When smooth muscle relaxation leads to ________ in a blood vessel, blood pressure can
decrease.
A) spasm
B) necrosis
C) vasoconstriction
D) vasodilation
Answer: D

47) During an asthma attack, smooth muscles in the airways of the lungs ________, making it
difficult to get air into and out of the lungs.
A) constrict
B) dilate
C) relax
D) rupture
Answer: A

48) Fibromyalgia may be one of the most common disorders for ________.
A) men under age 40
B) women under age 40
C) children under age 10
D) elderly over age 65
Answer: B

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49) This bacteria releases a toxin that causes tetanus.
A) Meningitis
B) E. coli
C) Staphylococcus aureus
D) Clostridium tetani
Answer: D

50) A muscle that contracts involuntarily, suddenly, and violently for a prolonged period of time
is said to have ________.
A) ataxia
B) fibromyalgia
C) a cramp
D) a strain
Answer: C

51) Drooping of one or both of the upper eyelids is often the first sign of ________.
A) ataxia
B) fibromyalgia
C) myasthenia gravis
D) muscular dystrophy
Answer: C

52) ________ are donut-shaped muscles that act as doors to let material in or out.
A) Sphincters
B) Intercalated discs
C) Aponeuroses
D) Primary movers
Answer: A

53) Broad sheets of connective tissue that connect some facial and abdominal muscles to bone
instead of tendons are called ________.
A) tendons
B) aponeuroses
C) ligaments
D) sphincters
Answer: B

54) Which body feature do ultramarathon runners count on to give their muscles fuel for
endurance?
A) Richer blood supply
B) Stronger long bones
C) Toned ligaments and tendons
D) Healthy cartilage
Answer: A

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55) When competing in a swimming meet, participants release fuel energy from their muscles.
What does that activity produce?
A) Red blood cells
B) Glucose
C) More energy
D) Heat
Answer: D

56) How do cardiac muscle fibers differ from the muscle fibers of the arms and legs?
A) Longer muscle fibers than the limbs
B) Non-striated fibers rather than striated fibers
C) Poorer supply of blood than the limbs
D) Routine involuntary movement
Answer: D

57) Because the heart must work constantly, the cardiac muscles must ________.
A) contract less often than other muscles
B) receive a generous blood supply
C) be under constant voluntary control
D) contain longer fibers than other muscles
Answer: B

7.2 True/False Questions

1) Smooth muscle is found in the stomach.

Answer: TRUE

2) Ligaments attach muscle to bone.

Answer: FALSE

3) The rectus femoris is in the arm.

Answer: FALSE

4) Abduction moves a muscle away from midline.

Answer: TRUE

5) Extension decreases the angle between two bones.

Answer: FALSE

6) Vasoconstriction makes vessels smaller.

Answer: TRUE

7) Cardiac muscle is only found in the heart.

Answer: TRUE

8) Hypertrophy is muscle wasting.

Answer: FALSE
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Test Bank for Anatomy and Physiology for Health Professions 4th Edition by Colbert

9) Ataxia is partial or total loss of the ability to move muscles.

Answer: FALSE

10) Sprains are tears or breaks in ligaments.

Answer: TRUE

11) Guillain-Barré syndrome is a disorder of the peripheral nervous system.

Answer: TRUE

12) Electromyography is a test in which a muscle or group of muscles are stimulated with an
electrical impulse.
Answer: TRUE

13) A hernia is caused when tendons become inflamed.

Answer: FALSE

14) The pectoralis major muscle is named for its action.

Answer: FALSE

15) Smooth muscle is voluntary muscle.

Answer: FALSE

16) The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a modified endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium.
Answer: TRUE

17) Muscle is a general term for all contractile tissue.

Answer: TRUE

18) Only voluntary muscle has the ability to stretch, or extensibility.

Answer: FALSE

19) Shivering is a way of generating heat via dilation of many blood vessels.
Answer: FALSE

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