Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BULACAN
NORTH HILLS VILLAGE HIGH SCHOOL

LEARNING TASK 2
(September 18-22, 2023)

TOPIC:
 INTRODUCTION TO DANCE

TOPIC OVERVIEW

Dance is a rhythmic and expressive body movement, usually coordinated into a pattern and
adapted to musical accompaniment. Dance is perhaps the oldest form of arts reflecting man’s
age-old need to communicate joy, grief by using the most immediate instrument at his disposal-
his body.

DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the learning task, the students should be able to:
 Discuss the nature of the different styles and characteristics of dances.
 Identify the origin of dance;
 Enumerate the health benefits of dance ; and
 Explain the values of optimizing one’s health through participation in performing
physical activities.
PRE – ASSESSMENT 2

Name: ____________________________ Course & Section: ______________ Score: ____

Directions: Arrange the following jumbled letters of the different classification/ types of
dance. Write your answer in the box. On the space provided below, write a short
definition of each dance.
( 5 POINTS EACH )

1. L O K F ADNEC

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. S I A C O L NEADC

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. P O E M C T R R Y N O A ECDAN

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. L E B A L T

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. J Z Z A DACNE

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

6. P H H O I P AECND

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________
7. L V S E T A F I CENDA

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

8. N C E A D

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________
 CONTENT DEVELOPMENT 2: DEFINITION, BACKGROUND, BRIEF
HISTORY AND HEALTH BENEFITS OF DANCE

Rhythm is a term which denotes an aspect of a quality of movement that is sometimes

thought of as dance. When an individual move in response to a particular rhythm or music we
call the movements as rhythmic movements or rhythms. Structured forms which start creative
rhythmic movements are called rhythms.

Rhythmic activities are the physical manifestations of the mental and emotional response
of the individual to rhythm. They are activities which a child responds to physically, socially, and
mentally to regular patterns of sound.

They are also a source of enjoyment for people of all ages. Through these activities, skills
and the sense of rhythm are acquired and developed, feelings are expressed, basic principles of
time, space and force can be experienced.

Everyone reacts to music or rhythm in one form or another. A head swaying, a foot tapping,
fingers snapping, shoulders and body moving while a musical piece is played are physical
reactions.

Definition of Dance

Dance is a movement of the body in a rhythmic way, usually to music and within a given
space, for the purpose of expressing an idea or emotion, releasing energy, or simply taking
delight in the movement itself.

Dancing is a means of expressing one’s emotions through movement disciplined by rhythm.

It is an act of moving rhythmically and expressively to an accompaniment. The
word dancing came from an old German word “ danson” which means to “ stretch”. Essentially,
all dancing is made up of stretching and relaxing.

Dance is a powerful impulse, but the art of dance is that impulse channeled by skillful
performers into something that becomes intensely expressive and that may delight spectators
who feel no wish to dance themselves. These two concepts of the art of dance—dance as a
powerful impulse and dance as a skillfully choreographed art practiced largely by a professional
few—are the two most important connecting ideas running through any consideration of the
subject. In dance, the connection between the two concepts is stronger than in some other arts,
and neither can exist without the other.
History of Dance

From the earliest moments of known human history, dance accompanied ancient rituals,
spiritual gatherings and social events. As a conduit of trance, spiritual force, pleasure,
expression, performance and interaction, dance became infused into our nature from the
earliest moments of our existence - from the moment when first African tribes covered
themselves in war-paint to the to the spreading of music and dance across all four corners of
the world. Without a doubt, dancing remains one of the most expressive forms of
communications that we know.

The oldest proof of existence of dancing comes from the 9000-year-old cave paintings that
were found in India, which depicts various scenes of hunting, childbirth, religious rites, burials
and most importantly, communal drinking and dancing. Since dancing itself cannot leave clearly
identifiable archeological artifacts that can be found today, scientist looked for secondary clues,
written word, stone carvings, paintings and similar artifacts. Period when dancing became
widespread can be traced to the third millennia BC, when Egyptians started using dance as
integral parts of their religious ceremonies. Judging by the many tomb paintings that survived
the tooth of time, Egyptian priests used musical instruments and dancers to mimic important
events - stories of gods and cosmic patterns of moving stars and sun.

This tradition continued in ancient Greece, where dance was used very regular and openly
to public (which eventually brought the birth of the famous Greek theatre in 6th century BC).
Ancient paintings from 1st millennia clearly speak of many dance rituals in Greek culture, most
notably the one before start of each Olympian Games, precursor to the modern Olympic
Games. As centuries went on, many other religions infused dance in the core of their rituals,
such as Hindu dance "Bharata Nhatyam" which is preformed even today.

Of course, not all dances in those ancient times were intended for religious purposes.
Ordinary people used dance for celebration, entertainment, seduction and to induce the mood of
frenzied exhilaration. Annual celebration in honor of Greek god of wine Dionysus (and later
Roman god Bacchus) included dancing and drinking for several days. 1400BC year old
Egyptian painting showed the group of scantily dressed girls who danced for the wealthy male
crowd, supported by the several musicians. This kind of entertainment continued to be refined,
until medieval times and the start of the Renaissance when ballet became integral part of the
wealthy class.

European dances before the start of Renaissance were not widely documented, any only
few isolated fragments of their existence remain found today. The most basic "chain shaped"
dance practiced by commoners was most widespread across Europe, but the arrival of
Renaissance and new forms of music brought many other styles in fashion. Renaissance
dances from Spain, France and Italy were soon surpassed by Baroque dances which became
widely popular in French and English courts. After the end of French Revolution, many
new types of dances emerged with focused on less restrictive woman clothing, and tendency for
skipping and jumping. These dances soon became even more energetic in 1844 with the
beginning of so called "international polka craze" which also brought us the first appearance of
famous waltz.

After the short period of time when great ballroom masters created wave of complicated
dances, the era of modern day 2-person dance started with the careers of famous ballroom
dances Vernon and Irene Castle. After those early years of 20th century many modern dances
were invented (Foxtrot, One-Step, Tango, Charleston, Swing, Postmodern, Hip-hop,
breakdancing and more) and the expansion of musical brought those dances into worldwide
popularity.

History of dance closely follows the development of human race. Since the earliest times of
our existence, far before the creation of first modern civilizations, dance served as an
irreplaceable way of expressing human thought and emotion. As our civilization traveled through
millennia, dance was modified to the point of being popular means of expression, health,
communication and competition.

HEALTH BENEFITS OF DANCING

PHYSICAL HEALTH
Dance can decrease blood pressure and cholesterol, improve cardiovascular health, strengthen
weight-bearing bones, help prevent or slow bone loss related to osteoporosis, lower the risks of
obesity and Type 2 Diabetes, and promote increased lung capacity. It can help speed up
recovery after orthopedic surgery since it’s a lower impact exercise than jogging or biking. The
posture and fast movements required in dance help enhance balance and stability, especially
among older people (which can help prevent falls and stumbles). Dance can even help sharpen
your intellectual and mental abilities.

MENTAL HEALTH
Research has found that dancing improves mental acuity throughout a dancer’s life – and that
there are also substantial benefits to those who start ballroom dance as adults. Dancing can
help enhance memory, alertness, awareness, focus, and concentration. It can prevent the onset
of dementia and significantly improve spatial memory in elderly patients. Participating in an
activity like dance helps create more intricate neural pathways, which can ward off weakening
synapses that often come with old age. Among younger dancers, the results can also be
significant. Swedish researchers studying teenaged girls with stress, anxiety and depression
saw a decrease in anxiety and stress levels among those who took up partner dancing. They
also saw marked improvement in mental health and patients reported being happier than those
who did not participate in dancing. Partner dancing can also decrease loneliness among all age
groups, because it’s a goal-oriented social activity that brings like-minded people together.

CONFIDENCE
Every opportunity to dance – whether during a lesson or a social event, whether with your
significant other or a new dance partner – will help improve your comfort level, confidence, and
communication skills on the dance floor. As your dance technique improves and you feel more
at ease with other people, your sense of accomplishment, motivation and confidence will
continue to increase. And even better… you will notice these new attributes taking root in other
areas of your life as well.
SELF-EXPRESSION & CREATIVITY
Dancing comes naturally to people, and it’s an easy activity for anyone to partake in. Dance
provides an emotional outlet to express your feelings through body movements, with passion
and flair. Dancing can be a wonderful creative outlet to enhance your ability to permanently use
these expressive qualities even when you are not dancing, and to share that creativity with
others. After only a few lessons, you will start to find yourself moving more and more seamlessly
through your dance steps, while you get lost in the music. You will unlock a beautiful rhythm
your body may have been hiding. It can also help with your motivation and energy.

EMOTIONAL
In today’s fast-paced world, we sometimes forget to take a moment for ourselves. Dance
lessons provide an enjoyable escape from your normal daily routine, plus a chance to relax,
relieve stress, and concentrate just on yourself. Our students often tell us that even if they’re
“not feeling it” when they arrive for a lesson, once they stretch and start dancing, they’re able to
forget about the day’s triggers, simply b-r-e-a-t-h-e and let the dance take over. There’s also a
growing body of evidence to indicate that dancing has a positive effect on the treatment and
prevention of depression.

SOCIAL
One of the best aspects of dancing is its ability to bring people together. Dance lessons offer
you a great opportunity to expand your social circle, build connections and engage with people
in a low-pressure environment, where there are no expectations. It’s perfect for younger singles
who want to step up their dating game, couples looking to reconnect, and for adults interested in
discovering something new and inspiring, just for them. Learning to dance does take focus and
dedication, but you will be surrounded and encouraged by artistic, positive and cheerful people
who make learning enjoyable and rewarding. In group lessons, weekly practice parties, regional
and national competitions and studio events and outings, you’ll meet a melting pot of people of
all ages, with varied cultural and occupational backgrounds. And the best part? Since they all
share your passion for dance, these meetings often transition into lasting friendships.
POST – ASSESSMENT 2
Name: ____________________________ Course & Section: ______________ Score: ____

Directions: Enumerate the following items below. Write your answer after each given
number.
A. Give at least five ( 5 ) health benefits of Dance.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Directions: Write your reflection in a given question below. Write your answer in the box
provided.

How do you think is Dance/ Dancing promotes health and wellness to individual, family, and
community? In the past months or at present, cite a specific scenario in your area where dance
is being observed. Write your observation about how people work together.

MY REFLECTION
Rubric:
Content 10 Points
Organization of Ideas/ Thoughts 5 Points
Grammar 5 Points

TOTAL 20 Points
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BULACAN
NORTH HILLS VILLAGE HIGH SCHOOL

LEARNING TASK 3
(September 18-22, 2023)

TOPIC:
 Locomotor and Non – Locomotor Movements

TOPIC OVERVIEW

This lesson will focus on the fundamentals of body movements. Simple body
movements like walking, bending or kicking are fundamentals for more complex physical
activities in exercising, sports as well as dancing. For this reason, students should
master this concept in physical education classes.

DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the learning task, the students should be able to:

 define locomotor and non-locomotor movements;

 differentiate locomotor from non – locomotor movements; and
 perform different locomotor and non – locomotor movements
PRE – ASSESSMENT 3

Name: ____________________________ Course & Section: ______________ Score: ____

Directions: Match column A with column B. Write the letter of your answer on the space
provided before each number.

A B

_______ 1. Hopping

A. Locomotor Movement _______ 2. Swinging

_______ 3. Stretching
B. Non – Locomotor Movement _______ 4. Jumping
_______ 5. Crawling
_______ 6. Pushing
_______ 7. Galloping
_______ 8. Twisting
_______ 9.Leaping
_______ 10. Bending
CONTENT DEVELOPMENT 3: Locomotor and Non – Locomotor
Movements
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Locomotor movement skills are those in which the body is moved in one direction, or a
combination of directions, from one point to another.

Walking Marching
Running Climbing
Jumping Galloping
Hopping Sliding
Crawling Leaping
Skipping

Non-locomotor movement is “movement that moves around the axis of the body ( the spine )
rather than movement which takes the body through space.” Non - locomotor movement is
anchored movement.

Balancing Stretching
Bending Swaying
Curling Swinging
Pulling Turning
Pushing Twisting
POST – ASSESSMENT 3

Name: ____________________________ Course & Section: ______________ Score: ____

Directions: Using the different combination of locomotor and non – locomotor

movements, crate a dance and perform your own “Dance Routine” or “ Dance
Combination ”.

Guidelines:
1. Dance routine is a group performance with a maximum number of only 6 members.
2. A minimum of 1 minutes and maximum of 2 minutes dance routine/combination is
needed.

Criteria for Scoring

Theme 20 Points
Choreography 20 Points
Execution/ Energy 15 Points
Timing/ Coordination 10 Points
Overall Impression 10 Points
TOTAL 75 Points
 LEARNING TASK 4
(September 18-22, 2023)

TOPIC:
 Five Fundamentals Positions

TOPIC OVERVIEW
 This lesson focuses on the acquisition of knowledge and skills in performing the
fundamental positions/ figures of the arms and feet used in dance.

DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the learning task, the students should be able to:

 Identify the different positions of arms and feet used in dance;

 Describe the different positions of arms and feet;
 Perform the fundamental positions/ figure of the arms and feet.
PRE – ASSESSMENT 4

Name: ____________________________ Course & Section: ______________ Score: ____

Identify what fundamental position is being asked. Write your answer on the space provided
before each number. Choose your answer from the pool of words in the box.

First position of the feet First position of the arms

Second position of the feet Second position of the arms
Third position of the feet Third position of the arms
Fourth position of the feet Fourth position of the arms
Fifth position of the feet Fifth position of the arms

__________________ 1. Raised arms to a circle in front of the chest.

__________________ 2. Bring the heel of one foot to touch the instep of the other foot.
__________________ 3. Open up arms sideward, raised below shoulder level with a graceful
curve.
__________________ 4. Raise one arm in front of chest in a half circle, while one arm remains
overhead.
__________________ 5. Raise one arm overhead while other arm remains in 2nd position.
__________________ 6. Bring feet apart sideward.
__________________ 7. Raise both arms overhead in a graceful curve.
__________________ 8. Bring the heel of one foot to touch the toe of the other.
__________________ 9. Bring one foot in front of the other foot to walk strike.
__________________ 10. Bring heels close to touch, toes apart.
CONTENT DEVELOPMENT 4: Five Fundamentals Positions

The Five Fundamental Positions of the Feet

The positions of the feet include first position, second position, third position, fourth
position and fifth position. There are also other basic positions of the arms that can be
combined with other beginner and advanced steps.

First Position

A position of the feet where a dancer is standing with their heels

together and toes facing equally out to either side. For a
beginner, its best just to think of the heels as needing to touch,
but for more advanced dancers, no more than 2 inches should be
between the heels.

Second Position
The same ideas as first position are true for second, where you
want to have the feet and legs equally turned out. It’s important
not to have your second position too wide that its not useful, or
too narrow that it looks closer to a first position.
Third Position
Third position is very rarely done, though it still has a spot as
one of the five basic feet positions. The reason it is not
commonly used beyond a beginner level is that a third position
can very easily look like a misplaced first or fifth position. To do
third position, simply start in first position, then move the heel of
one of your feet to the middle of the other. Your legs should
remain straight with the feet and legs turned out equally.

Fourth Position
To stand in fourth position, place one foot in
front of the other, about a foot’s distance apart.
Like second position, its important to remember
not to have too wide of a fourth position that it’s
not useful, or too narrow that it is confused with
a “wide” fifth position. There are different
thoughts on how crossed your feet should be,
but you can never go wrong with lining the heel
of the front foot with the toes of the back.

Fifth Position
The most difficult of all the basic feet positions is
fifth position. To do fifth position in ballet, stand
with your feet close together, one in front of the
other and turned out away from the body. The
real difficulty of fifth position is maintaining
straight legs and proper turnout, then being able
to use this position to do jumps and turns.
The Five Fundamental Positions of the Arms
Now that we have the feet covered, let’s continue on to the arms. The position of your
arms are just as important as your feet, no matter whether you’re a beginner ballet student, an
advanced student, or a seasoned professional! While there are several different positions of the
arms possible in classical ballet, this post will cover just the basic positions of the arms.

Before we begin, it is good to know that the positions of the feet aren’t necessarily
always done with the same position of the arms. For example, just because you are standing in
a fifth position, doesn’t mean your arms will always also be a in fifth… the teacher or
choreographer may have asked for them to be in first! Let’s take a look at the five
basic positions of the arms.

First Position of the Arms

First position with the arms looks like you are holding a beach
ball in the middle of your stomach right in front of you. The
fingers do not touch but have the tips pointing towards each
other about 4 inches apart. Your hand should be slightly tilted
so the inside of your hand is facing towards your face. A good
way to imagine and work on this slight tilt of the hands is to
imagine holding a mirror; if your hand is tilted right, you’d be
able to look down and see your face reflecting back at you!

Your elbows should be lifted so they are held higher than your
hands. A well placed first position should not have the arms
parallel with the floor but angled down slightly so the hands are
in the middle of your torso.

Second Position of the

Arms
Second position of the arms much like second position
with the feet, looks very much like first, but open. To try
second position, start in a nice looking first position of
the arms, then open at the elbows, only moving them
slightly back a couple inches. Keep the same shape of
the entire arm, so that your elbows are higher than your
hands with your hands ever so slightly tilted upwards.

The key to a great second position is to remember to

keep your hands below your elbows and not open them
too wide. A proper second position is placed just
slightly in front of your body, not directly side. For a
nice looking second position of the arms, you’ll also
want to try to keep them slightly rounded; not quite as rounded as first, but still rounded so
you’re making a slightly curved shape.

Third Position of the Arms

Unlike third position of the feet, third position of the arms is actually used quite a lot in dance.
Unlike first and second, third position can be done with alternating arms. Start with your arms in
first, and simply open one arm to second, bring the other arm to fifth. That’s third position! You
can think of it as a combination of first and second.

All of the same rules apply still, so remember to try to keep your hands below your elbows with
a slight tilt of the hands in third position.

Fourth Position of the Arms

Fourth position will start to be a little trickier than the
first three positions. Starting in first position of the
arms, move to a third position by opening one arm.
Now, with the arm still in first, lift it above your head,
completing the fourth position. Since you already know
how to hold your arm in second, let’s focus on the one
you just lifted above.

Like all other positions of the arms, you want to make

sure the arms are curved so it looks like you have no
elbows, not too straight and not too bent so your elbows
look pointy. Also, the same tip of the hands applies
when your arm is lifted up; you want to have the inside
of your hand facing towards your face so that if you
titled your head slightly upwards, you’d see your
reflection if you were holding a mirror. Try to keep your arms slightly in front of you still, even
though one is lifted over your head. If you place your thumb on your forehead, then lift it straight
up, your arms will be in a good position… just slightly in front of your head.

Fifth Position of the Arms

Our final basic position of the arms is fifth! This is a
very common position and is quite iconic of ballet.
(think music box or a little girl twirling around with her
arms up…) Starting in first position, simply lift both of
your arms over your head and extend them very
slightly. And that’s fifth position! You will notice that
having both arms up over your head resembles what
you just learned for fourth position and the same rules
apply. Let’s go over them one more time and you’ll be
on your way to a great looking fifth position.
Make sure both arms are bent slightly, so the arms look seamless around the elbow. Your
hands should extend to complete the curving shape made by your arm. With fifth position, just
like first, you want to try to keep your fingers from touching; depending on the length of your
arms, you’ll want them about 6 to 10 inches apart. Try to imagine your arms are an oval picture
frame, with your face centered in the middle like a portrait

POST – ASSESSMENT 4

Name: ____________________________ Course & Section: ______________ Score: ____

Directions: Perform a 1-minute dance performance using the fundamental positions of

the feet and arms. Refer to the rubric below.

Rubric:
Correct Execution of movements – 20
Musicality- 10
Over-all Performance - 10

Proper Attire- 10
Total 50