Test Bank for Chemistry: Atoms First, 4th Edition, Julia Burdge, Jason Overby

Test Bank for Chemistry: Atoms First, 4th Edition,

Julia Burdge, Jason Overby

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-burdge-jason-overby/

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Student name:__________
TRUE/FALSE - Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
1) Chemical reactions in a bomb calorimeter occur at constant pressure.

⊚ true
⊚ false

2) The work done on the surroundings by the expansion of a gas is w = – PΔ V.

⊚ true
⊚ false

3) The heat absorbed by a system at constant pressure is equal to Δ U + PΔ V.

⊚ true
⊚ false

4) In an endothermic process, heat is absorbed by the system.

⊚ true
⊚ false

5) The enthalpy of vaporization of a compound is always positive.

⊚ true
⊚ false

6) A home aquarium is an example of an open system.

⊚ true
⊚ false

7) All elements in their standard state have an enthalpy of formation equal to zero.

⊚ true
⊚ false

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8) Δ H does not depend on the path of a reaction, but Δ U does.

⊚ true
⊚ false

9) The enthalpy of formation of a liquid is always larger than the enthalpy of formation of
the gas of the same compound.

⊚ true
⊚ false

10) In an endothermic reaction, in going from the reactants to the products at the same
temperature, the value of q is negative.

⊚ true
⊚ false

MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or
answers the question.
11) If two solutions are mixed together in a container and the container “feels hot”, then

A) the reaction is endothermic.

B) the reaction is exothermic.
C) the energy of the universe is increased.
D) the energy of both the system and the surroundings is decreased.
E) the energy of the system is increased.

12) For the reaction: 2A + B 2 → 2AB Δ H = +50.0 kJ.

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 A) The reaction is endothermic.
B) Heat is released to the surroundings.
C) The standard enthalpy of formation for AB is 50.0 kJ.
D) The bond energy for each A–B bond is 50.0 kJ.
E) The molecule AB contains less energy than A or B 2.

13) An endothermic reaction causes the surroundings to

A) warm up.
B) become acidic.
C) condense.
D) decrease in temperature.
E) release CO 2.

14) An exothermic reaction causes the surroundings to

A) warm up.
B) become acidic.
C) expand.
D) decrease its temperature.
E) release CO 2.

15) How many calories are in 854.3 J? (1 cal = 4.184 J)

A) 4.897 × 10 – 3 cal
B) 204.2 cal
C) 1.171 ×10 – 3 cal
D) 0.2390 cal
E) 3574 cal

3
16) How many joules are in 1.20 ×10 calories? (1 cal = 4.184 J)

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 A) 8.33 × 10 –4 J
B) 3.49 × 10 –3 J
C) 2.39 × 10 –1 J
D) 2.86 × 10 2 J
E) 5.02 × 10 3 J

17) Which type of system may transfer energy, but not mass, to the surroundings?

A) mass transfer system

B) isolated system
C) closed system
D) nonenergy system
E) open system

18) Which of these is not a state function?

A) volume
B) temperature
C) pressure
D) heat
E) energy

19) What law states that energy can be converted from one form to another, but cannot be
created or destroyed?

A) universal law
B) first law of thermodynamics
C) law of mass conservation
D) law of conservation of energy
E) law of constant energy

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20) When heat is absorbed by the system and work is done by the system on the surroundings
then

A) q is negative and w is positive.

B) both q and w are positive.
C) both q and w are negative.
D) q is positive and w is negative.
E) both q and w are zero.

21) What is the change in internal energy in joules for a system that releases 154 J of heat and
does 125 J of work on its surroundings?

A) –29 J
B) 279 J
C) 29 J
D) 1.23 J
E) –279 J

22) Complete the sentence: When heat is transferred to the system, the process is said to be
________, and the sign of q is ________.

A) exothermic, positive
B) exothermic, negative
C) endothermic, positive
D) endothermic, negative
E) forbidden, indeterminate

23) A system that does no work but which transfers heat to the surroundings has

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 A) q < 0, Δ U>0
B) q < 0, Δ U<0
C) q > 0, Δ U>0
D) q > 0, Δ U<0
E) q < 0, Δ U=0

24) A system that does no work but which receives heat from the surroundings has

A) q < 0, Δ U > 0
B) q > 0, Δ U < 0
C) q=Δ U
D) q = –Δ U
E) w=Δ U

25) A system that does work on the surroundings with no heat change (i.e., q= 0) has:

A) w< 0,Δ U= 0
B) w> 0,Δ U> 0
C) w> 0,Δ U< 0
D) w< 0,Δ U> 0
E) w< 0,Δ U< 0

26) A system that does work on the surroundings with no heat change (i.e., q= 0) has:

A) w=Δ U
B) w= –Δ U
C) w> 0,Δ U< 0
D) w< 0,Δ U> 0
E) w>Δ U

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27) A system contracts from an initial volume of 15.0 L to a final volume of 10.0 L under a
constant external pressure of 0.80 atm. What is w? (1 L·atm = 101.3 J)

A) –4.0 J
B) +4.0 J
C) –4.1×102J
D) +4.1×102J
E) +81 J

28) An ideal gas (the system) is contained in a flexible balloon at a pressure of 1 atm and is
initially at a temperature of 20.°C. The surrounding air is at the same pressure, but its
temperature is 25°C. When the system has equilibrated with its surroundings, both system and
surroundings are at 25°C and 1 atm. In changing from the initial to the final state, which one of
the following relationships regarding the system is correct?

A) Δ U< 0
B) Δ U= 0
C) Δ H= 0
D) w> 0
E) q> 0

29) Which relationship is always correct?

A) potential energy + kinetic energy = constant

B) Δ= q+ w
C) Δ U = Δ H – PΔ V
D) H = U + PV
E) Δ H = qV

30) A system expands from a volume of 1.00 L to 2.00 L against a constant external pressure
of 1.00 atm. What is the work ( w) done by the system? (1 L·atm = 101.3 J)

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 A) 1.00 J
B) 2.00 J
2
C) 1.01 × 10 J
5
D) 1.01 × 10 J
E) 3.00 J

31) For a particular process, 28 kJ of heat is absorbed and 15 kJ of work is done on the
surroundings. What is ΔU for this process?

A) Δ U = +43 kJ
B) Δ U = –43 kJ
C) Δ U = –13 kJ
D) Δ U = +13 kJ
E) Δ U = +28 kJ

32) A system delivers 1275 J of heat while the surroundings perform 854 J of work on it.
What is Δ U of the system?

A) –2129 J
B) –421 J
C) +421 J
D) +2129 J
E) –1275 J

33) A system delivers 222 J of heat to the surroundings while delivering 645 J of work. What
is the change in the internal energy, Δ U, of the system?

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 A) –423 J
B) +423 J
C) –867 J
D) +867 J
E) –222 J

34) A system receives 575 J of heat and delivers 424 J of work. What is the change in the
internal energy, Δ U, of the system?

A) –150. J
B) 150. J
C) –1000. J
D) 1000. J
E) 575 J

35) A system initially has an internal energy U of 504 J. It undergoes a process during
which it releases 111 J of heat energy to the surroundings, and does work of 222 J. What is the
final energy of the system, in J?

A) 171 J
B) 393 J
C) 504 J
D) 615 J
E) 837 J

36) A system absorbs 21.6 kJ of heat while performing 6.9 kJ of work on the surroundings. If
the initial internal energy, U, is 61.2 kJ, what is the final value of U?

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 A) 32.7 kJ
B) 46.5 kJ
C) 61.2 kJ
D) 75.9 kJ
E) 89.7 kJ

37) In which process isΔ H=Δ U?

A) Two moles of ammonia gas are cooled from 325°C to 300°C at a constant pressure of
1.2 atm.
B) One gram of water is vaporized at 100°C and 1 atm.
C) Two moles of hydrogen iodide gas react to form hydrogen gas and iodine gas in a
40-L container.
D) Solid calcium carbonate is heated to form solid calcium oxide and carbon dioxide
gas in a container with variable volume.
E) One mole of solid carbon dioxide sublimes to the gas phase.

38) What is the equation for the formation reaction for gaseous hydrazine, N 2H 4, at 25°C
and 1 atm pressure?

A) 2N 2H 4(g)→2NH 3(g) + H 2(g)

B) 2NH 3(g) + H 2(g)→N 2H 4(g)
C) N 2(g) + 2H 2O(g)→N 2H 4(g) + O 2(g)
D) N 2(g) +2H 2(g)→N 2H 4(g)
E) 2NO 2(g) + 6H 2(g)→N 2H 4(g) + 4H 2O(g)

39) For which reaction isΔ Happroximately (or exactly) equal toΔ U?

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 A) H 2( g) + Br 2( g)→2HBr( g)
B) H 2O( s)→H 2O( g)
C) CaCO 3( g)→CaO( g) + CO 2( g)
D) 2H( g) + O( s)→H 2O( l)
E) CH 4( aq) + 2O 2( aq)→CO 2( aq) + 2H 2O( l)

40) In which reaction would you expectΔ Hto be substantially greater thanΔ U(i.e.,Δ H >Δ
U)?

A) H 2( g) + Br 2( g)→2HBr( g)
B) CO 2( s)→CO 2( g)
C) C 2H 2( g) + H 2( g)→C 2H 4( g)
D) H 2O( s)→H 2O( l)
E) HCl( aq) + NaOH( aq)→NaCl( aq) + H 2O( l)

41) The dissolution of barium hydroxide in water is an exothermic process. Which statement
is correct?

A) The enthalpy of solid barium hydroxide plus pure water is less than that of the
solution, at the same temperature.
B) The enthalpy of solid barium hydroxide plus pure water is greater than that of the
solution, at the same temperature.
C) The enthalpy of solid barium hydroxide plus pure water is the same as that of the
solution, at the same temperature.
D) The temperature of the solution is lower than of the barium hydroxide and water
before mixing.
E) When barium hydroxide dissolves in water, the system does work on the
surroundings.

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42) Two solutions (the system), each with a volume of 25.0 mL at 25.0°C, are mixed in a
beaker. A reaction occurs between them, and the temperature rises to 35.0°C. After the products
have equilibrated with the surroundings, the temperature is again 25.0°C and the total volume is
50.0 mL. No gases are involved in the reaction. Which relationship concerning the change from
initial to final states (both at 25.0°C) is correct?

A) Δ U= 0
B) Δ H= 0
C) Δ U> 0
D) q= 0
E) w= 0

43) A Snickers® candy bar contains 280 Calories, of which the fat content accounts for 120
Calories. What is the energy of the fat content, in kJ? (1 cal = 4.184 J)

A) 5.0×10 –1kJ
B) 1.2 kJ
C) 5.0×10 2kJ
D) 1.2×10 3kJ
E) 1.6×10 3kJ

44) Your favorite candy bar, Gummy Beakers, contains 1.2×10 6J of energy while your
favorite soft drink, Bolt, contains 6.7×10 5J. If you eat two packs of Gummy Beakers a day and
drink 3 cans of Bolt, what percent of your 2000 Calorie daily food intake is left for broccoli,
beans, beef, etc.? (1 cal = 4.184 J)

A) 53%
B) 47%
C) 27%
D) 11%
E) 0%

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45) Natural gas, or methane, is an important fuel. Combustion of one mole of methane
releases 802.3 kJ of energy. How much energy does that represent in kcal? (1 cal = 4.184 J)

A) 1.92×10 –1kcal
B) 1.92× 10 2 kcal
C) 3.36×103kcal
D) 1.92×10 5kcal
E) 3.36×10 6kcal

46) Which is nota state function?

A) internal energy
B) volume
C) work
D) pressure
E) enthalpy

47) The specific heat (capacity) is

A) amount of energy needed to change 1 g of a substance by 1°C.

B) amount of energy needed to change 1 mol of a substance by 1°C
C) amount of energy required to melt 1 g of substance.
D) amount of substance that is heated by 1°C.
E) the temperature increase, in K, associated with heating 1 g of a substance for 1
minute.

48) What is qif 28.6 g of water is heated from 22.0°C to 78.3°C?The specific heat of water
is 4.184 J/g·°C.

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 A) 2.60 J
B) 2.63 kJ
C) 6.74 kJ
D) 9.37 kJ
4
E) 3.94×10 kJ

49) If, as a pioneer, you wished to warm your room by taking an object heated on top of a
pot-bellied stove to it, which of the following 15-pound objects, each heated to 100°C, would be
the best choice? The specific heat capacity (in J/g·°C) for each substance is given in parentheses.
Iron (0.450), copper (0.387), granite (0.79), gold (0.129), water (4.184).

A) iron
B) copper
C) granite
D) gold
E) H 2O

50) Ethylene glycol, used as a coolant in automotive engines, has a specific heat capacity of
2.42 J/g°C. Calculate qwhen 3.65 kg of ethylene glycol is cooled from 132°C to 85°C.

A) –1900 kJ
B) –420 kJ
C) –99 kJ
D) –0.42 kJ
E) 4.2 × 10–6 kJ

51) If 75.4 J of energy is absorbed by 0.25 mol of CCl 4at constant pressure, what is the
change in temperature? The specific heat of CCl 4is 0.861 J/g·°C.

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 A) 17.8°C
B) 21.9°C
C) 2.3°C
D) 9.1°C
E) 44.6°C

52) A 275-g sample of nickel at l00.0°C is placed in 100.0 g of water at 22.0°C. What is the
final temperature of the water? Assume no heat transfer with the surroundings. The specific heat
of nickel is 0.444 J/g·°C and the specific heat of water is 4.184 J/g·°C.

A) 39.6°C
B) 40.8°C
C) 61.0°C
D) 79.2°C
E) 82.4°C

53) Benzene is a starting material in the synthesis of nylon fibers and polystyrene
(Styrofoam). Its specific heat capacity is 1.74 J/g·°C. If 16.7 kJ of energy is absorbed by a 225-g
sample of benzene at 20.0°C, what is its final temperature?

A) –22.7°C
B) 37.7°C
C) 42.7°C
D) 62.7°C
E) 80.1°C

54) When Karl Kaveman adds chilled grog to his new granite mug, he removes 10.9 kJ of
energy from the mug. If it has a mass of 625 g and was at 25°C, what is its new temperature?
Specific heat capacity of granite = 0.79 J/g·°C.

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 A) 3°C
B) 14°C
C) 22°C
D) 47°C
E) None of these choices is correct.

55) A 307-g sample of an unknown mineral was heated to 98.7°C and placed into a
calorimeter containing 72.4 g of water at 23.6°C. The heat capacity of the calorimeter was 15.7
J/°C. The final temperature in the calorimeter was 32.4°C. What is the specific heat capacity of
the mineral?

A) 0.124 J/g·°C
B) 0.131 J/g·°C
C) 0.138 J/g·°C
D) 0.145 J/g·°C
E) None of these choices is correct.

56) A piece of copper metal is initially at 100.0°C. It is dropped into a coffee cup calorimeter
containing 50.0 g of water at a temperature of 20.0°C. After stirring, the final temperature of both
copper and water is 25.0°C. Assuming no heat losses, and that the specific heat (capacity) of
water is 4.18 J/g·°C, what is the heat capacity of the copper in J/°C?

A) 2.79 J/°C
B) 3.33 J/°C
C) 13.9 J/°C
D) 209 J/°C
E) None of these choices is correct.

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57) A common laboratory reaction is the neutralization of an acid with a base. When 50.0 mL
of 0.500 MHCl at 25.0°C is added to 50.0 mL of 0.500 MNaOH at 25.0°C in a coffee cup
calorimeter, the temperature of the mixture rises to 28.2°C. What is the heat of reaction per mole
of acid? Assume the mixture has a specific heat capacity of 4.18 J/g·°C and that the densities of
the reactant solutions are both 1.00 g/mL.

A) 670 J
B) 1300 J
C) 27 kJ
D) 54 kJ
E) > 100 kJ

58) How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 22.8 g of copper from 20.0°C to
875.0°C? The specific heat of copper is 0.385 J/g·°C.

A) 14.4 J
B) 176 J
C) 7.51 kJ
D) 7.68 kJ
E) 9.90 kJ

59) How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 12.0 g of water from 15.4°C to
93.0°C? The specific heat of water is 4.184 J/g·°C.

A) 223 J
B) 773 J
C) 503 J
D) 4.67 ×10 3 J
E) 3.90 ×10 3 J

60) How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 1500 g of water from 25°C to
52°C? The specific heat of water is 4.184 J/g·°C.

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 A) 1500 kJ
B) 170 kJ
C) 6.3 kJ
D) 41 J
E) 41 kJ

61) What is the change in temperature if a 25.0-g block of aluminum absorbs 10.0 kJ of heat?
The specific heat of aluminum is 0.900 J/g·°C.

A) 0.44°C
B) 22.5°C
C) 225°C
D) 360°C
E) 444°C

62) If 325 g of water at 4.2°C absorbs 12.28 kJ, what is the final temperature of the water?
The specific heat of water is 4.184 J/g·°C.

A) 4.21°C
B) 4.8°C
C) 9.0°C
D) 13.2°C
E) 2938°C

63) A glass containing 200.0 g of H 2O at 20.0°C was placed in a refrigerator. The water
loses 11.7 kJ as it cools to a constant temperature. What is its new temperature? The specific heat
of water is 4.184 J/g·°C.

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 A) 0.0°C
B) 4.0°C
C) 6.0°C
D) 14.0°C
E) 34.0°C

64) A piece of copper with a mass of 218 g has a heat capacity of 83.9 J/°C. What is the
specific heat of copper?

A) 0.385 J/g·°C
B) 1.83 × 10 4 J/g·°C
C) 2.60 J/g·°C
D) 1.32 J/g·°C
E) 24.5 J/g·°C

65) The specific heat of gold is 0.129 J/g·°C. What is the molar heat capacity of gold?

A) 0.0394 J/mol·°C
B) 0.129 J/mol·°C
C) 25.4 J/mol·°C
D) 39.4 kJ/mol·°C
E) 197 J/mol·°C

66) Suppose a 50-g block of silver (specific heat = 0.2350 J/g·°C) at 100°C is placed in
contact with a 50-g block of iron (specific heat = 0.4494 J/g·°C) at 0°C, and the two blocks are
insulated from the rest of the universe.The final temperature of the two blocks

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 A) will be higher than 50°C.
B) will be lower than 50°C.
C) will be exactly 50°C.
D) is unrelated to the composition of the blocks.
E) cannot be predicted.

67) When 0.7521 g of benzoic acid was burned in a calorimeter containing 1000. g of water,
a temperature rise of 3.60°C was observed. What is the heat capacity of the bomb calorimeter,
excluding the water? The heat of combustion of benzoic acid is –26.42 kJ/g.

A) 15.9 kJ/°C
B) 4.2 kJ/°C
C) 5.5 kJ/°C
D) 1.3 kJ/°C
E) 752 kJ/°C

68) A 1.00-g sample of octane (C 8H 18) is burned in a bomb calorimeter that has a heat
capacity of 5.80 kJ/°C. The temperature of the calorimeter rises from 25.00°C to 33.20°C. What
isΔ Uper mole for the combustion of octane?

A) –47.6 kJ/mol
B) –416 kJ/mol
C) –707kJ/mol
D) –5.43×10 3kJ/mol
E) –1.86×10 5kJ/mol

69) Naphthalene combustion may be used to calibrate the heat capacity of a bomb
calorimeter. The heat of combustion of naphthalene is –40.1 kJ/g. When 0.8210 g of naphthalene
was burned in a bomb calorimeter containing 1.000 kg of water, a temperature rise of 4.21°C was
observed. What is the heat capacity of the bomb calorimeter excluding the water?

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 A) 32.9 kJ/°C
B) 7.8 kJ/°C
C) 3.64 kJ/°C
D) 1.76 kJ/°C
E) 15.3 kJ/°C

70) The heat of solution of ammonium chloride is 15.2 kJ/mol. If a 6.134-g sample of NH
4Cl is added to 65.0 mL of water in a calorimeter at 24.5°C, what is the final temperature of the
solution? The specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g·°C and the heat capacity of the calorimeter is 365
J/°C.

A) 27.1°C
B) 18.6°C
C) 19.7°C
D) 21.8°C
E) 30.4°C

71) The heat of solution of ammonium nitrate is 26.2 kJ/mol. If a 5.368 g sample of NH
4NO 3is added to 40.0 mL of water in a calorimeter at 23.5°C, what is the final temperature of
the solution? The specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g·°C and the heat capacity of the calorimeter is
0.650 kJ/°C.

A) 14.3°C
B) 20.8°C
C) –7.7°C
D) 25.6°C
E) 21.4°C

72) When 0.560 g of Na( s) reacts with excess F 2( g) to form NaF( s), 13.8 kJ of heat is
evolved at standard-state conditions. What is the standard enthalpy of formation (Δ H° f) of
NaF( s)?

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 A) 567 kJ/mol
B) –24.8 kJ/mol
C) –7.8 kJ/mol
D) 24.8 kJ/mol
E) –567 kJ/mol

73) Based on the following thermochemical equations, what is the heat of vaporization of
titanium(IV) chloride?
Ti(s)+ 2 Cl2(g)→TiCl4(l) ΔH=–804.2 kJ/mol

TiCl4(g)→2 Cl2(g)+ Ti(s) ΔH=763.2 kJ/mol

A) +41.0 kJ/mol
B) –1567.4 kJ/mol
C) 1567 kJ/mol
D) –41.0 kJ/mol
E) –763.7 kJ/mol

74) Octane (C8H18) undergoes combustion according to the following thermochemical

equation.
2C8H18(l) + 25O2(g)→16CO2(g) + 18H2O(l)
ΔH°rxn= –1.0940×104kJ/mol
What is the standard enthalpy of formation of liquid octane?
ΔH°f(CO2(g)) = –393.5 kJ/mol and ΔH°f(H2O(l)) = –285.8 kJ/mol

A) –250 kJ/mol
B) –10,940. kJ/mol
C) –2188 kJ/mol
D) –495 kJ/mol
E) 495 kJ/mol

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75) Glycine, C2H5O2N, is important for biological energy.The combustion reaction of glycine
is described by the following thermochemical equation.
4C2H5O2N(s) + 9O2(g)→8CO2(l) + 10H2O(g) + 2N2(g) ΔH°rxn= –3896 kJ/mol
What is the standard enthalpy of formation of solid glycine?

A) –51.90 kJ/mol
B) –527.5 kJ/mol
C) –974.0 kJ/mol
D) –1502 kJ/mol
E) –2476 kJ/mol

76) Which of the following has a standard enthalpy of formation value (Δ H° f) of zero at
298 K?

A) H 2O( g)
B) O( g)
C) H 2O( l)
D) O 2( g)
E) O 3( g)

77) Styrene, C8H8, is one of the substances used in the production of synthetic rubber. When
styrene burns in oxygen to form carbon dioxide and liquid water under standard-state conditions
at 25°C, 42.15 kJ are released per gram of styrene. Find the standard enthalpy of formation of
styrene at 25°C.
Δ H° f(CO 2( g)) = –393.5 kJ/mol,Δ H° f(H 2O( l)) = –285.8 kJ/mol

A) –4390 kJ/mol
B) –1044 kJ/mol
C) –8681 kJ/mol
D) +99 kJ/mol
E) +637 kJ/mol

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78) What isΔH°rxnfor the following reaction?
2H2O2(l)→2H2O(l) + O2(g)
Δ H° f(H 2O( l)) = –285.8 kJ/mol,Δ H° f(H 2O 2( l)) = –187.6 kJ/mol

A) –196.4 kJ/mol
B) 98.2 kJ/mol
C) –98.2 kJ/mol
D) –473.4 kJ/mol
E) –946.8 kJ/mol

79) What isΔH°rxnfor the reaction 2Al2O3(s)→4Al(s) + 3O2(g)?

Δ H° f(Al 2O 3( s)) = –1670 kJ/mol

A) 3340 kJ/mol
B) 1670 kJ/mol
C) –3340 kJ/mol
D) –1670 kJ/mol
E) –835 kJ/mol

o
80) Which equation has aΔ H rxnthat is notequal toΔ H fof the product?

A) O 2( g) + H 2( g)→H 2O 2( g)
B) ½O 2( g) + H 2( g)→H 2O( g)
C) H 2( g) +½O 2( g) +→H 2O( l)
D) NO( g) + ½O 2( g)→NO 2( l)
E) ½H 2( g) + ½Cl 2( g)→HCl( g)

o
81) Which equations has a Δ H rxn that is not equal to Δ H f of the product?

Version 1 24
 A) F 2( g) + ½O 2( g)→F 2O( g)
B) O 2( g) + 2H 2( g)→2H 2O( g)
C) H 2( g) +½O 2( g) +→H 2O( l)
D) Ti( s)+ 2 Cl 2( g)→TiCl 4( l)
E) ½H 2( g) + ½Cl 2( g)→HCl( g)

82) Which represents an enthalpy change at 25°c and 1 atm that is equal toΔHof for H2O(l)?

A) O 2( g) + 2H 2( g)→2H 2O( l)
B) ½O 2( g) + H ( g)→H 2O( g)
C) H 2( g) +½O 2( g) +→H 2O( l)
D) 2H 2O( l)→O 2( g) + 2H 2( g)
E) H 2O( l)®½O 2( g) + H 2( g)

83) What is the standard enthalpy of formation of liquid methanol, CH3OH(l)?

C(graphite) + O2(g)→CO2(g) ΔH°rxn= –393.5
kJ/mol

H2(g) + ½O2→H2O(l) ΔH°rxn= –285.8

kJ/mol

CH3OH(l)+3/2O2(g)→CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) ΔH°rxn= –726.4

kJ/mol

Version 1 25
 A) –1691.5 kJ/mol
B) –238.7 kJ/mol
C) 1691.5 kJ/mol
D) 47.1 kJ/mol
E) –47.1 kJ/mol

84) What isΔH°rxnfor the following reaction?

C6H6(l) + 15/2 O2(g)→6CO2(g) + 3H2O(l)

6C(graphite) + 3H2(g)→C6H6(l) ΔH°rxn=+49.0 kJ/mol

C(graphite)+O2(g)→CO2(g) ΔH°rxn=–393.5 kJ/mol

H2(g) + ½O2(g)→H2O(l) ΔH°rxn= –285.8 kJ/mol

A) –630.3 kJ/mol
B) –2597.8 kJ/mol
C) –3169.4kJ/mol
D) –3267.4 kJ/mol
E) 630.3 kJ/mol

85) What isΔH°rxnfor the following reaction?

2C8H18(l) + 17O2(g)→16CO(g) + 18H2O(l)

Version 1 26
 2C8H18(l) + 25O2(g)→16CO2(g) + 18H2O(l) ΔH°rxn= –
11020. kJ/mol

2CO(g) + O2(g)→2CO2(g) ΔH°rxn=–

566.0 kJ/mol

A) –11020. kJ/mol
B) +6492 kJ/mol
C) –1964 kJ/mol
D) –6492 kJ/mol
E) –11586 kJ/mol

86) Calculate the standard enthalpy change for the reaction

2C8H18(l) + 21O2(g)→8CO(g) + 8CO2(g) + 18H2O(l). Given:
2C8H18(l) + 25O2(g)→16CO2(g) + 18H2O(l) ΔH°= –11,020.
kJ/mol

2CO(g) + O2(g)→2CO2(g) ΔH°= –566.0

kJ/mol

A) 1.0454×10 4kJ/mol
B) –8756 kJ/mol
C) 1.1586×10 4kJ/mol
D) –6492 kJ/mol
E) –1.0454×10 4kJ/mol

Version 1 27
87) What is the standard enthalpy change for the decomposition of one mole of SO3?
2SO2+ O2→2SO3ΔH°rxn= –198 kJ/mol

A) 198 kJ/mol
B) –99.0 kJ/mol
C) 99.0 kJ/mol
D) 396 kJ/mol
E) –396 kJ/mol

88) Pentaborane B5H9(s) burns vigorously in O2 to give B2O3(s) and H2O(l). What is ΔH° for
the combustion of 1 mol of B5H9(s)?
Substance ΔH°f (kJ/mol)
B2O3(s) –1273.5
B5H9(s) +73.2
H2O(l) –285.8

A) –1486.1 kJ
B) –1632.5 kJ
C) –4396.7 kJ
D) –4543.1 kJ
E) –9086.1 kJ

89) Given that CaO( s) + H 2O( l) → Ca(OH) 2( s),Δ H° rxn = –64.8 kJ/mol, how
many grams of CaO must react in order to liberate 525 kJ of heat?

A) 6.92 g
B) 56.1 g
C) 454 g
D) 606 g
4
E) 3.40 × 10 g

Version 1 28
90) The combustion of pentane produces heat according to the following thermochemical
equation.
C5H12(l) + 8O2(g) → 5CO2(g) + 6H2O(l) ΔH°rxn= –3510 kJ/mol
How many grams of CO2 is produced per 2.50 × 103 kJ of heat released?

A) 6.27 g
B) 31.3 g
C) 61.8 g
D) 157 g
E) 220 g

91) How much heat is evolved if 0.600 kg of SO2 is burned in excess oxygen?
2SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2SO3(g) ΔH°rxn= –198 kJ/mol

A) 5.46 × 10 –2 kJ
B) 927 kJ
C) 1.85 × 103 kJ
D) 59,400 kJ
E) 3.71 × 10 3 kJ

92) Pentaborane B5H9(s) burns vigorously in O2 to give B2O3(s) and H2O(l). What is ΔH° for
the combustion of 1 mol of B5H9(s)?
Substance ΔH°f (kJ/mol)

B2O3(s) –1273.5

B5H9(s) +73.2

H2O(l) –285.8

Version 1 29
 A) -9.1 × 10 3 kJ
B) -1.6 × 10 3 kJ
C) -4.5 × 10 3 kJ
D) 1.6 × 10 3 kJ
E) 4.5 × 103 kJ

93) How much heat is released if 35.0 g of ethanol (C2H5OH) burns in excess oxygen?
C 2H 5OH( l) + 3O 2( g) → 2CO 2( g) + 3H 2O( l) Δ H° rxn = –1367 kJ/mol

A) 1797 kJ
B) 1367 kJ
C) 9.61 × 10 –4 kJ

4
D) 4.78 × 10 kJ
E) 1040 kJ

94) How much heat is released if 7.15 g CaO(s) is added to 152 g of H2O(l)?
CaO( s) + H 2O( l) → Ca(OH) 2( s) Δ H° rxn = –64.8 kJ/mol

A) 7.68 kJ
B) 8.26 kJ
C) 508 kJ
D) 547 kJ
E) 555 kJ

95) What is ΔH°rxn for the following reaction?

NO2(g) + CO(g) → CO2(g) + NO(g)
Substance ΔH°f(kJ/mol)

NO(g) +90.4

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 NO2(g) +33.85

CO(g) –110.5

CO2(g) –393.5

A) 339.6 kJ
B) 379.8 kJ
C) –226.5 kJ
D) –339.6 kJ
E) –379.8 kJ

96) Solid sodium peroxide (Na2O2) reacts with liquid water yielding aqueous sodium
hydroxide and oxygen gas. How much heat is released if 327.2 g of oxygen gas is produced from
the reaction of sodium peroxide and water under standard-state conditions?
Substance ΔH°f(kJ/mol)

Na2O2(s) –510.9

NaOH(aq) –469.6

H2O(l) –285.8

Version 1 31
 A) 46,630 kJ
B) 1457 kJ
C) 6689 kJ
D) 3345 kJ
E) 2914 kJ

97) Sand is converted to pure silicon in a three-step process. The final step in this process is
as follows.
SiCl4(g) + 2Mg(s) → 2MgCl(s)+ Si(s) ΔH°rxn= –625.6 kJ/mol
What is the enthalpy change if 25.0 mol of silicon tetrachloride is converted to elemental
silicon?

A) –25.0 kJ
B) –626 kJ
C) –1.56 × l0 4 kJ
D) –3.13 × 10 4 kJ
E) –3.13 × 10 3 kJ

98) The highly exothermic thermite reaction, in which aluminum reduces iron(III) oxide to
elemental iron, has been used by railroad repair crews to weld rails together.
2Al(s) + Fe2O3(s) → 2Fe(s) + Al2O3(s) ΔH°rxn= 847.6 kJ/mol
What mass of iron is formed if 725 kJ of heat are released?

A) 23.9 g
B) 47.8 g
C) 65.3 g
D) 95.5 g
E) 112 g

99) Using Hess's law, what is ΔH°rxn for the following reaction?
WO3(s) + 3H2(g) → W(s) + 3H2O(g)

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 2W(s) + 3O2(g) → 2WO3(s) ΔH°rxn = –1685.8 kJ/mol

2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g) ΔH°rxn = –483.6 kJ/mol

A) 117.5 kJ/mol
B) 235.0 kJ/mol
C) 359.3 kJ/mol
D) 1202.2 kJ/mol
E) 2169.4 kJ/mol

100) Using Hess's law, what is ΔH°rxn for the following reaction?
NO(g) + O(g) → NO2(g)
NO(g) + O3(g) → NO2(g) + O2(g) ΔH°rxn = –198.8 kJ/mol

O3(g) → 3/2 O2(g) ΔH°rxn= –142.2 kJ/mol

O2(g) → 2O(g) ΔH°rxn= +498.8 kJ/mol

A) –839.8 kJ/mol
B) –306.0 kJ/mol
C) 157.9 kJ/mol
D) 394.9 kJ/mol
E) 442.3 kJ/mol

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101) Using Hess's law, what is the standard enthalpy of formation, ΔH°f of manganese(II)
oxide, MnO(s)?
2MnO2(s) → 2MnO(s) + O2(g) ΔH°rxn = +272.0 kJ/mol

MnO2(s) + Mn(s) → 2MnO(s) ΔH°rxn = –248.9 kJ/mol

A) –520.9 kJ/mol
B) –396.5 kJ/mol
C) –384.9 kJ/mol
D) –147.6 kJ/mol
E) 24 kJ/mol

102) What is ΔH°rxn for the decomposition of calcium carbonate to calcium oxide and carbon
dioxide?
CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g)
Substance ΔH°f(kJ/mol)

CaCO3(s) –1206.9

CaO(s) –635.6

CO2(g) –393.5

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 A) –2236.0 kJ/mol
B) –1449.0 kJ/mol
C) –177.8 kJ/mol
D) 177.8 kJ/mol
E) 2236.0 kJ/mol

103) Aluminum oxide can be reduced to aluminum metal using carbon, the other reaction
product being carbon monoxide. What is the enthalpy change if 12.50 g of aluminum is produced
by this method?
Substance ΔH°f(kJ/mol)

CO(g) –110.5

Al2O3(s) –1669.8

A) 310.0 kJ
B) 386.8 kJ
C) 412.4 kJ
D) 773.6 kJ
E) 824.8 kJ

104) Using Hess’s law, what is ΔH°rxn at 25°C for the following reaction?
ClF(g) + F2(g) → ClF3(g)

2ClF(g) + O2(g) → Cl2O(g) + OF2(g) ΔH°rxn = +167.4 kJ/mol

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 2ClF3(g) + 2O2(g) → Cl2O(g) + 3OF2(g) ΔH°rxn = +341.4 kJ/mol

2F2(g) + O2(g) → 2OF2(g) ΔH°rxn = –43.4 kJ/mol

A) –217.5 kJ/mol
B) –130.2 kJ/mol
C) 217.5 kJ/mol
D) –108.7 kJ/mol
E) 465.4 kJ/mol

105) Ethanol, C2H5OH, is promoted as a clean fuel and is used as an additive in many gasoline
mixtures. Calculate the ΔH°rxn for the combustion of ethanol.
Substance ΔH°f(kJ/mol)

C2H5OH(l) –277.0

CO2(g) –393.5

H2O(g) –241.8

Version 1 36
 A) –1235.4 kJ
B) –751.8 kJ
C) –358.3 kJ
D) 358.3 kJ
E) 1235.4 kJ

106) What is ΔH°rxn for the following reaction?

SiO2(s) + 4HCl(g) → SiCl4(g) + 2H2O(g)
Substance ΔH°f(kJ/mol)

SiO2(s) –859.3

SiCl4(g) –662.8

HCl(g) –92.3

H2O(g) –241.8

A) –1856.2 kJ/mol
B) –1372.6 kJ/mol
C) –47.0 kJ/mol
D) 82.1 kJ/mol
E) 530.6 kJ/mol

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107) The bond enthalpy of the Br–Cl bond is equal to ΔH°rxn for the following reaction.
BrCl(g) → Br(g) + Cl(g) Using the following data, what is the bond enthalpy of the Br–Cl
bond?
Br2(l) → Br2(g) ΔH°rxn = 30.91 kJ/mol

Br2(g) → 2Br(g) ΔH°rxn = 192.9 kJ/mol

Cl2(g) → 2Cl(g) ΔH°rxn = 243.4 kJ/mol

Br2(l) + Cl2(g) → 2BrCl(g) ΔH°rxn = 29.2 kJ/mol

A) 219.0 kJ/mol
B) 203.5 kJ/mol
C) 14.6 kJ/mol
D) 438.0 kJ/mol
E) 407.0 kJ/mol

108) Ozone (O3) in the atmosphere can be converted to oxygen gas by reaction with nitric
oxide (NO).(Nitrogen dioxide is also produced in the reaction.) What is the enthalpy change
when 8.50 L of ozone at a pressure of 1.00 atm and 25°C reacts with 12.00 L of nitric oxide at
the same initial pressure and temperature (R = 0.0821 L atm/mol K)? [ΔH°f(NO) = 90.4 kJ/mol;
ΔH°f(NO2) = 33.85 kJ/mol; ΔH°f(O3) = 142.2 kJ/mol]

A) –69.1 kJ
B) –19.7 kJ
C) –1690 kJ
D) –97.6 kJ
E) –167 kJ

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109) An important step in the synthesis of nitric acid is the conversion of ammonia to nitric
oxide according to the following balanced chemical equation. Whatis ΔH°rxn for this reaction?
4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) → 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g)
Substance ΔH°f(kJ/mol)

NH3(g) –46.3

NO(g) 90.3

H2O(g) –241.8

A) –1274.8 kJ/mol
B) –904.4 kJ/mol
C) –240.2 kJ/mol
D) –197.8kJ
E) 197.8 kJ/mol

110) Whatis ΔH°rxn for the following reaction?

H3AsO4(aq) + 4H2(g) → AsH3(g) + 4H2O(l)
Substance ΔH°f(kJ/mol)

AsH3(g) 171.5

H3AsO4(aq) –904.6

Version 1 39
 H2O(l) –285.8

A) –1876.3 kJ/mol
B) –1018.9 kJ/mol
C) –790.3 kJ/mol
D) –410.1 kJ/mol
E) –67.1 kJ/mol

111) What is the lattice energy of magnesium sulfide?

Mg(s) → Mg(g) ΔH°rxn = 148 kJ/mol

Mg(g) → Mg22+(g) + 2e– ΔH°rxn = 2186 kJ/mol

S8(s) → 8S(g) ΔH°rxn = 2232 kJ/mol

S(g) + 2e–→ S22–(g) ΔH°rxn = 450. kJ/mol

8Mg(s) + S8(s) → 8MgS(s) ΔH°rxn = –2744 kJ/mol

MgS(s) → Mg22+(g) + S22–(g) ΔH°rxn= ?

Version 1 40
 A) –3406 kJ/mol
B) –2720. kJ/mol
C) –2272 kJ/mol
D) 2720. kJ/mol
E) 3406 kJ/mol

112) The lattice energy of CaF2 is the energy change corresponding to which process?

A) Ca 2+( s) + 2F–( g) → CaF 2( s)

B) CaF 2( g) → CaF 2( s)
C) Ca( g) + 2F( g) → CaF 2( s)
D) CaF 2( aq) → CaF 2( s)
E) CaF 2( s) → Ca 2+( g) + 2F –( g)

113) The lattice energy of MgCl 2 is the energy change corresponding to which process?

A) MgCl2(s) → Mg(s) + Cl2(g)

B) MgCl 2( s) → Mg( g) + 2Cl( g)
C) MgCl 2( g) → Mg 2+( s) + 2Cl –( g)
D) MgCl 2( s) → Mg 2+( g) + 2Cl –( g)
E) MgCl 2( s) → MgCl 2( aq)

114) Using the Born-Haber cycle and the data below, what is the lattice energy of LiCl(s)?
Property Value

Enthalpy of Sublimation of Li(s) 155.2 kJ/mol

First Ionization Energy of Li 520 kJ/mol

Version 1 41
 Bond Energy of Cl-Cl 242.8 kJ/mol

Electron Affinity of Cl 348 kJ/mol

Enthalpy of Formation of LiCl(s) –408.8 kJ/mol

A) –40 kJ/mol
B) 40 kJ/mol
C) 736 kJ/mol
D) 858 kJ/mol
E) 1553 kJ/mol

115) Using the Born-Haber cycle and the data below, what is the lattice energy of NaBr(s)?
Property Value

Enthalpy of Sublimation of Na(s) 107.8 kJ/mol

First Ionization Energy of Na 495.9 kJ/mol

Enthalpy of Vaporization of Br2(l) 30.7 kJ/mol

Bond Energy of Br-Br 192.5 kJ/mol

Version 1 42
 Electron Affinity of Br 325 kJ/mol

Enthalpy of Formation of NaBr(s) –361.1 kJ/mol

A) 1513 kJ/mol
B) 751 kJ/mol
C) 791 kJ/mol
D) 863 kJ/mol
E) 451 kJ/mol

116) Which quantity is not used in a Born–Haber cycle calculation for KCl(s)?

A) Δ Hf (KCl( s))
B) IE1 (K)
C) BE(Cl–Cl)
D) Δ H(sublimation) K
E) IE1 (Cl)

117) A Born-Haber cycle applied to the formation reaction of an ionic solid

A) is normally used to calculate ionization energy.

B) is normally used to calculate electron affinity.
C) is normally used to calculate bond energy.
D) is normally used to determine the overall enthalpy change.
E) is an application of Hess's law.

118) Using bond energy data, what is the enthalpy change for the following reaction?
2CO + O2 → 2CO2

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 Bond Bond Energy (kJ/mol)

C≡O 1070

O=O 499

C=O (in CO2) 799

A) +2368 kJ/mol
B) +744 kJ/mol
C) +1949 kJ/mol
D) –557 kJ/mol
E) –228 kJ/mol

119) Using bond energy data, what is the enthalpy change for the reaction of one mole of CH4
with chlorine gas to give CH3Cl and hydrogen chloride?
Bond Bond Energy (kJ/mol)

C–H 414

C–Cl 339

H–Cl 432

Version 1 44
 Cl–Cl 243

A) –564 kJ
B) –264 kJ
C) –114 kJ
D) +78 kJ
E) +942 kJ

120) Nitrogen and hydrogen combine to form ammonia in the Haber process. Using bond
energy data, what is ΔH°rxn for the following reaction?
N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g)
Bond Bond Energy (kJ/mol)

N≡N 941

H–H 436

N–H 393

A) –836 kJ/mol
B) –109 kJ/mol
C) 836 kJ/mol
D) 1463 kJ/mol
E) 1770 kJ/mol

Version 1 45
121) Suppose the following gas-phase reaction takes place, where each sphere represents a
single atom.

The enthalpy change for this reaction is measured to be 5.00 × 10–18 J. What is the molar
enthalpy change for the following reaction? AZ(g) → A(g) + Z(g)

3
A) 3.01 ×10 kJ/mol
3
B) 1.00 ×10 kJ/mol
2
C) 3.35 ×10 kJ/mol
D) 5.00 ×10 –21 kJ/mol

E) 1.67 ×10 –21 kJ/mol

122) Suppose a new metallic element X is discovered, and its reactions with oxygen gas and
chlorine gas at 298 K are studied.
Trial Reaction ΔHºrxn (kJ/mol)

1 4X(s) + 3O2(g) → 2X2O3(s) –600

2 2X(s) + 3Cl2(g) → 2XCl3(s) –800

3 4XCl3(s) + 3O2(g) → 2X2O3(s) + 6Cl2(g) –200

However, it is later discovered that one of the samples was contaminated, and the ΔHºrxn value
from this trial is not reliable.Which trial had the contaminated sample, and what should the
correct value of ΔHºrxn be for this trial?

Version 1 46
 A) Trial 1 had the contaminated sample; its Δ Hºrxn value should be –900 kJ/mol.
B) Trial 2 had the contaminated sample; its Δ Hºrxn value should be +100 kJ/mol.
C) Trial 3 had the contaminated sample; its Δ Hºrxn value should be –1000 kJ/mol.
D) Trial 3 had the contaminated sample; its Δ Hºrxn value should be +1000 kJ/mol.
E) Not enough information is provided; all three trials must be redone.

123) Atoms A and Z may form either single bonds or double bonds. Shown is an energy
diagram for the formation of a single bond between A and Z from the individual atoms in the gas
phase.

Which diagram below corresponds to the reaction A(g) + Z(g) → A=Z(g)?

Version 1 47
 A)

B)

C)

Version 1 48
 D)

E)

Version 1 49
124) Consider the following two representations of chemical reactions. Each sphere represents
1 mol of atoms.

What is Δ Hº rxn for the following reaction? CS( g) + O( g) → CO( g) + S( g)

A) –359 kJ/mol
B) 1434 kJ/mol
C) –7142 kJ/mol
D) –1434 kJ/mol
E) 7142 kJ/mol

125) Which represents the formation reaction for XeF 4( g)? Each sphere represents 1 mol of
atoms.

Version 1 50
 A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Version 1 51
126) Suppose a 0.500-g sample of an organic compound is analyzed via bomb calorimetry.
The temperature of the calorimeter is measured over time. At t = 5 min, the combustion reaction
is initiated. Below is a plot of the data that are obtained.

Suppose the experiment is repeated under identical conditions, but with a 1.000-g sample of the
organic compound. What might a plot of the resulting data look like?

Version 1 52
 A)

B)

C)

Version 1 53
 D)

E)

127) Suppose a sample of gas undergoes the following change of state.

Which statement(s) is/are true concerning this change of state?

i. w must be positive.

Version 1 54
 ii. w must be negative.

iii. q must be positive.

iv. q must be negative.

A) I only
B) II only
C) II and III
D) II and IV
E) I and III

128) Cold packs, whose temperatures are lowered when ammonium nitrate dissolves in water,
are carried by athletic trainers when transporting ice is not possible. Which of the following is
true of this reaction?

A) Δ H< 0, process is exothermic

B) Δ H> 0, process is exothermic
C) Δ H< 0, process is endothermic
D) Δ H> 0, process is endothermic
E) Δ H = 0, since cold packs are sealed

129) A student used a bomb calorimeter to determine the heat of combustion of an unknown
compound. If the student ignored the heat capacity of the bomb calorimeter, the heat capacity of
the unknown compound would be ________ the accepted value.

Version 1 55
 A) greater than (i.e., less negative)
B) less than (i.e., more negative)
C) equal to

130) Which of the following processes always results in an increase in the energy of a
system?

A) The system loses heat and does work on the surroundings.

B) The system gains heat and does work on the surroundings.
C) The system loses heat and has work done on it by the surroundings.
D) The system gains heat and has work done on it by the surroundings.
E) None of these is always true.

Version 1 56
Answer Key

Test name: Atoms10

1) FALSE
2) TRUE
3) TRUE
4) TRUE
5) TRUE
6) TRUE
7) TRUE
8) FALSE
9) FALSE
10) FALSE
11) B
12) A
13) D
14) A
15) B
16) E
17) C
18) D
19) B
20) D
21) E
22) C
23) B
24) C
25) E
26) A

Version 1 57
27) D
28) E
29) D
30) C
31) D
32) B
33) C
34) B
35) A
36) D
37) C
38) D
39) A
40) B
41) B
42) E
43) C
44) B
45) B
46) C
47) A
48) C
49) E
50) B
51) C
52) A
53) D
54) A
55) A
56) C

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57) D
58) C
59) E
60) B
61) E
62) D
63) C
64) A
65) C
66) B
67) D
68) D
69) C
70) D
71) E
72) E
73) A
74) A
75) B
76) D
77) D
78) A
79) A
80) D
81) B
82) C
83) B
84) D
85) D
86) B

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87) C
88) D
89) C
90) D
91) B
92) C
93) E
94) B
95) C
96) E
97) C
98) D
99) A
100) B
101) C
102) D
103) A
104) D
105) A
106) D
107) A
108) A
109) B
110) E
111) E
112) E
113) D
114) D
115) B
116) A

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Test Bank for Chemistry: Atoms First, 4th Edition, Julia Burdge, Jason Overby

117) E
118) D
119) C
120) B
121) B
122) A
123) D
124) A
125) B
126) C
127) B
128) D
129) A
130) D

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