KOLEJ KEMAHIRAN TINGGI MARA LEDANG, JOHOR

DIPLOMA IN BIOMEDICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

( RADIOLOGI 1A )

REPORT WRITING : LANDSLIDES IN CAMERON HIGHLANDS, PAHANG

LECTURER : THERESA MARION A/P NAMBIRAJAN

MEMBERS :

FARIS NAJMI BIN ALIAS ( DG12117 )

AATIF HAZIQ BIN SAIFUL ANUAR ( DG12101 )

AHMAD DAMANHURY BIN ABDUL PATAH ( DG12104 )

MUHAMMAD SHARIL HAZIQ BIN RIZAL ( DG12130 )

AZIQ HAZIZZY BIN AZMAN @ HAMDAN ( DG12115 )

 Table Of Contents

1.0 Introduction 2-3

2.0 Method of Gathering Information 4-5
3.0 Findings/ Discussion 6 - 10
4.0 Conclusion 11
5.0 Individual Reflection
5.1 Member 1 12
5.2 Member 2 13
5.3 Member 3 14
5.4 Member 4 15
5.5 Member 5 16

REFERENCES

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

A landslide can be define as the movement of a mass of rock, debris or earth down a
slope. The term "landslide" encompasses five mode of slope movement which is
falls, topples, slides, spreads and flows. According to a study, the most dominant
factor that catalyst the slope failure in many countries is geological conditions.
However, in case of Malaysia, most of the landslides occur as a consequence and
non-maintenance of slopes which correlates with the human errors. There are also
another phenomenon that similar to landslide which is mudslide and rockslide. When
this event occur in the under sea or have impact on water for example rockfall or
volcanic collapse into the sea, it will cause the tsunami to happens. Massive
landslide can generate megatsunamis, which usually hundred of high. In 1958, one
such tsunami occur in Lituya Bay in Alaska.

In this study, we will analyze the factors and effect of landslide that happens in
Cameron Highland off Genting Highland Road, Pahang.A landslide can be define as
the movement of a mass of rock, debris or earth down a slope. The term "landslide"
encompasses five mode of slope movement which are falls, topples, slides, spreads
and flows. According to a study, the most dominant factor that catalyzes the slope
failure in many countries is geological conditions. However, in Malaysia, most of the
landslides occur as a consequence and non-maintenance of slopes which correlates
with the human errors.

From the incident, at least 20 people have been killed and 23 injured in a mud slide
in Pahang. It was caused by thunderstorm which dumped hundreds of tonnes of mud
onto a road, east of Kuala Lumpur, which leads to the country's only casino. This is
the scene of the disaster following thunderstorm which cause a landslide. It covered
the road to the Genting Highland Casino, near Malaysia's Karak Highway. Rescue
workers had to use bulldozers to search for the ten vehicles that has buried in the
mud. Police believe that at least 20 people were killed and 23 injured in the incident.

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Health Minister, Chua Jui Meng said the dead included a Japanese, two Filipinos
and a five month-old baby. Rescue workers stretchered the victims into ambulance
and other vehicles. Hospital staff were waiting with stretches when the injured
arrived and they were rushed inside. The landslides victims looked on in shock as
medics rushed to attend to their injuries. All the survivors have been hospitalized and
their condition is said to be serious.

This incident is the worst landslide that has happened in the past 26 years and
give a huge impact to us. Even the youngest child, a 5 month old baby, had died in
the event. In terms of economy, the only casino in Malaysia had been destroyed in
the blink of an eye. To make sure, this type of incident didn't happen again, we must
know the factors that can cause the landslide. When we learn about it, we can make
sure that the causes didn't happen and can prevent from the lost of life and property.
In addition, we also will analyze the effect of the landslide to the civilization and the
economy of Malaysia.

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2.0 METHOD OF GATHERING INFORMATION

LANDSLIDES are one of the recurrent natural hazard problems throughout most of
Malaysia. According to local newspaper reports (The Star 2008 and 2009), in 2006–
2008 and also in 2009, heavy rainfalls triggered numerous landslides and mudflows
along the east coast highways and Cameron Highlands in Peninsular Malaysia, in
Sabah (East Malaysia), and in the island state of Penang. The areas that were hit
the hardest were those along the Cameron Highlands (in the mountainous state of
Pahang in Peninsular Malaysia). These landslides caused millions of dollars of
property loss and even led to loss of lives. The extent of the damages could have
been minimized if a long-term early warning system predicting the mass movements
in the landslide-prone areas was in place.

Example for another landslides that I found on internet is that occurred along the
New Klang Valley Express Highways region in 2003 have alerted the highway
authorities and other governmental organizations toward the seriousness of landslide
management and prevention. The October 2002 landslide in Kuala Lumpur which
completely destroyed a few houses and killed six members of a family is still in the
public’s memory. Landslides in Malaysia are mainly triggered by tropical rainfalls
causing failure of the rock surface along fracture, joint, and cleavage planes. The
lithological units of the country are quite stable, but continuous uncontrolled
urbanization leads to deforestation and erosion of the covering soil layers, thus
causing serious threats to the slopes. Earthquakes are the major triggers of
landslides in mountainous terrain. However, Malaysia is not a seismically active
region. In spite of this situation, Malaysia is surrounded by earthquake-prone areas,
and there is always the probability of transmitting mild shocks, as experienced
recently in the western parts of Peninsular Malaysia in 2006, 2008, and 2009 (The
Star 2006.2008 And 2009 Newspaper). Landslides in Malaysia are triggered mainly
by heavy rainfalls. Recently, the Cameron Highlands has faced numerous landslide
and mudflow events, and much damage occurred in these areas. However, only a
little effort has been made to assess or predict these events, which resulted in
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serious damages. Through scientific analyses of these landslides, one can assess
and predict the landslide-susceptible areas. Therefore, understanding the landslides
and preventing them are two of the serious challenges in Malaysia. To achieve this
aim, in this paper, landslide susceptibility analyses have been performed based on
the definition of Varnes [1] and have been verified in the study area using the
adaptive neurofuzzy inference system (ANFIS), because the ANFIS model has not
been previously used for landslide susceptibility mapping purposes, although it is a
suitable and powerful inference system. The study includes three main stages such
as landslide inventory, analyses, and verification studies. So, we see that Malaysia
have do a lot off work for searching and detecting if have any landslide or other
disaster will happen in the future using all the method like electronic device that cost
a million RINGGIT MALAYSIA.

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3.0 FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

Example landslide in Cameron Highland

Landslides are one of the major natural disasters in Malaysia. Landslides refer
to the downward movement of large amounts of rock, soil, mud and organic debris.
Landslides cause huge property losses in terms of direct and indirect costs, and
affect the country in terms of injuries, deaths, disruption and damage to services,
public inconvenience and economic losses. Unlike earthquakes and floods,
landslides occur locally. In Malaysia, Ipoh and other places have experienced
landslides. Landslides are considered a process of geological disaster that leads to
death and property damage. The frequency of landslides is increasing from year to
year. This is due to various factors. For example, areas with steep slopes such as
mountainous areas are prone to landslide disasters. Most landslides are caused by
various factors that affect slope stability.

Landslides in Cameron Highlands will cause an economic recession in

Cameron Highlands as tourists are reluctant to go to Cameron Highlands as

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landslides can endanger lives and loss of property. In addition, the government will
also suffer economic losses as a result of repairing landslide sites. In addition,
frequent landslides in some places make locals feel uncomfortable out of concern for
their safety, as their houses nearby hillsides and at the foot of the mountain can
cause them to die at any time. In addition, residents will face various problems. For
example, due to landslides and other reasons, the roads they travel have been
covered in mud, and they have to travel long distances to get to work and maybe
postpone work. The next problem is power failure to a place, because the utility pole
that sends power to the area collapsed as a result of a landslide.

The next impact of Cameron Highlands is that if there is a landslide on a

shortcut that people commonly use to quickly get to a destination, it will cause traffic
congestion on the main road causing everyone to use the same road at the same
time. In addition, if there is a landslide in the small stall area, of course their stalls will
be destroyed causing them to lose their source of income to support their families.
Also, if a landslide that occurs in a crop area occurs on a farm, it may be detrimental
to one party, and if it occurs in a forest, it will destroy the ecosystem in the forest.

• Some examples of landslide that have occurred in Malaysia and their reports

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 The landslide condition closed the main road route –Sinar Harian

The first example of landslide that have occurred in Malaysia and their reports
is a landslide was reported at Batu 51, Kuala Terla, causing the main road from
Kampung Raja to Cameron Highlands to be temporarily closed for clean -up
purposes. Cameron Highlands District Police Chief, Deputy Superintendent, Ashari
Abu Samah said, his department received a call regarding the incident from the
public at about 5 pm this afternoon, before sending policemen to the place. “As soon
as we arrived at the scene, there was a landslide about 30 meters on the road and a
four -wheel drive vehicle was also found falling into a drain believed to be due to
being pushed by the landslide. "However, there were no casualties as the vehicle
was found to have been parked on the side of the road before the landslide
occurred," he said in a statement here tonight.

He said road cleaning work was currently being carried out by the Public
Works and Roadcare Department. The Fire and Rescue Department was also at the
scene to help monitor any untoward incidents, he said. Pahang Fire and Rescue
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Department (JBPM) deputy director, Mohd Sani Harul said, eight members from the
Cameron Highlands Fire and Rescue Station (BBP) rushed to the scene after
receiving a report at 5.07 pm. According to him, no victims were involved in the
incident at the location involving an 80 -meter route. "Members are monitoring and
are waiting for the presence of the Public Works Department (JKR) and Roadcare for
cleaning work," he added. Meanwhile, based on an initial report issued by the District
Disaster Management Secretariat, the road was closed and alternatively, the public
could use the route from Tapah to the resort area. Based on the report, the cause of
the landslide was due to continuous heavy rains and weak soil bonding. Immediate
cleaning work was carried out in addition to continuous monitoring at the location.

Firefighters helped lift the body found under the rubble of a house involved in a
landslide in Sungai Palas, here on Thursday.- Photo by JBPM Pahang

The next, example of landslide that have occurred in Malaysia and their
reports is CAMERON HIGHLANDS - An elderly woman was found dead buried in a
landslide in Sungai Palas here on Thursday evening. The body of the victim
identified as Vijaya Kuppuswami, 59, was found at 5.41pm under the rubble of a

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house involved in the incident. Pahang Fire and Rescue Department (JBPM) Public
Relations Officer, Anuar Hassan said, in the incident reported at 3.30 pm also
involved two other female victims but both survived and suffered only minor injuries.
According to him, seven members from the Cameron Highlands Fire and Rescue
Station (BBP) went to the location for search and rescue operations.

"Upon arrival at the location, members found a landslide that had destroyed a
house." Based on information, one victim was buried and search work was carried
out immediately with the help of three excavators to clear the rubble and mud, "he
said in a statement on Thursday. Anuar said the victim's body was found and handed
over to the police for further action. According to him, the incident is believed to have
occurred due to heavy rain.

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4.0 CONCLUSION

In conclusion, Landslide is one of the major contributors to natural disaster

worldwide. landslides is a movement of the rock or debris flow or earth slope falls.

Thousands of fatalities have been. recorded due to the landslide incidents. damages

to the infrastructure and facilities because of selfish people who want profit. They are

willing to cut down forests in order to develop the business of opening strawberry

crops.Geographically, Cameron Highland is situated in Peninsular Malaysia at the.

The landslide has caused a lot of losses to the local people in Cameron Highland.

Highland due to occurrence of this kind of disaster.

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5.0 INDIVIDUAL REFLECTION

5.1 AZIQ HAZIZZY BIN AZMAN @ HAMDAN

For my reflection, I report the devastating disaster in Malaysia which is the landslide
in Cameron Highlands. I found the cause of the landslide in Cameron Highlands.
This is due to the heavy rain that has been pouring down over the past few days.
This could be a disaster in Cameron Highlands. A few days after making this report
with my team, they have been very active since the day we received this
assignment. We are always in touch and helping each other so that we can do our
best to accomplish this task. I am very grateful for the efforts of the team members
and respect each other’s opinions. My group is full of a lot of ideas. Our group did
magic with each other and also learned different perspectives. During the
conversation, there were some disagreements, but our group thought and solved
problems rationally, so our relationship was strengthened every day.

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 5.2 FARIS NAJMI BIN ALIAS

My reflection on this assignment I can make report about this terrible disaster
happen in Malaysia which is landslides in Cameron Highlands, Pahang. I able to
know causes landslides that happen in Cameron Highlands. This happen because of
a selfish person who wants to make a profit without thinking about the consequences
he will incur in the future. This is due to irresponsible human crimes that damage the
environment. In a fewdays in completing the assignment I have gone through various
trials and tribulations such as network problems and in terms of time but I still
cooperate on this task. Since this is a group assignment I have given good
cooperation and commitment to this task in order to produce the best assignment.
The contribution I have made to group work is to give assignments fairly to each
group member and to give thoughtful ideas to group members. All members of the
group involved in carrying out this task gave full attention in completing this task and
they dared to present their respective ideas. The big contribution poured in by each
member of this group is time as they are willing to devote free time to discussing
online in order to carry out this task successfully. My strength in performing this task
is to find information in the website while my weakness is the lack of a plan in
drafting the content to produce a grammatical sentence. So I was able to learn that
working in a group is something interesting because we can give and receive ideas
to group members so that they can perform this task easily. In conclusion, the
assignment produced is not the best compared to the others but me and the group
members have worked hard to complete this assignment perfectly

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5.3 MUHAMMAD SHARIL HAZIQ BIN RIZAL

From our research, I can conclude that landslides actually have positive and
negative impacts on us. When it come to positive impact, it only affects nature.
Landslides have shown that it can create new habitats, increase biodiversity, provide
raw materials and can be good tools for studying the environment. However, the
positives are only a minority. The major impact of it is it can cause loss of life,
damage ecosystems, damage built infrastructure, economic losses and also can
lead to other hazards. When landslides occur, they can seriously damage or destroy
ecosystems. Sometimes the effects can last for thousands of years. They can pollute
streams and water bodies with sediment and debris. This invariably has severe
repercussions on water quality and marine life.

Also, they can dam up rivers and streams. In doing so, water flow is restricted.
Marine and terrestrial organisms that depend on the water flow may eventually die.
Conversely, dams may flood the opposite side too. Outburst floods can introduce a
tremendous amount of new sediment into streams. Or they can submerge and kill
vegetation in the flooded region.

Factors that cause the phenomenon mostly come from humans. Human activity
such as deforestation may be one of the reasons this phenomenon happens. When
there is deforestation activity, it will reduce numbers of trees and eventually there is
a lack of tree roots to hold the soil. So when it rains, the soil will flow with the rain
and become mud. This is what we call mudslide. Other factors like legal and illegal
mining also can cause landslides.

In addition, from our research we also know that we must protect our nature to
prevent this disaster from happening. We can practice replanted the tree and also
recycle the materials used. This can reduce use of materials and prevent this
phenomenon from happening. Last but not least, as a human anything that we do
will affect the world. So, we need to think before it lead to another crisis.

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5.4 AATIF HAZIQ BIN SAIFUL ANUAR

MY REFLECTION THAT I GOT DURING DOING THIS REPORT ABOUT THE NATURAL
HAZARD PROBLEMS THAT HAPPEN IN MALAYSIA. ONE OF IT IS LANDSLIDES. THIS
DISASTER HAPPEN NOT ONLY IN CAMERON HIGHLANDS, PAHANG BUT ALSO IN
OTHER LOCATION SUCH AS IN KUALA LUMPUR. IN 2003, NEW KLANG VALLEY
EXPRESS HIGHWAYS ALSO HAPPEN THE SAME THING.WHILE I DOING THIS
REPORT, ME AS A STUDENT AUTOMATICALLY GAINS NEW KNOWLEDGE ABOUT
DISASTER THAT HAPPEN IN MALAYSIA AND ALSO HAVE A LOT OF INFORMATION
THAT MAKE A DISASTER HAPPEN IN A CERTAIN PLACES. SO, RIGHT NOW I WAS
ABLE TO KNOW WHAT CAUSES THE LANDSLIDES AT CAMERON HIGHLANDS BACK
TO 2009. THE HEAVY RAINFALLS TRIGGERED NUMEROUS LANDSLIDES AND
MUDFLOWS THAT BRING A LOT OF DIRT, BROKEN TREE AND OTHER SIMILAR
THINGS. THIS LANDSLIDES CAUSED A BIG LOSS SUCH AS PEOPLE LOSS THEIR
HOME, PROPERTY AND EVEN A FAMILY MEMBERS. ME DUING THIS REPORT OFFER
CONDOLENCES TO THE PEOPLE WHO LOSS THEIR LIFE THAT DAY.
AFTER DOING THIS REPORT FOR ABOUT A WEEK OR MAYBE MORE, WITH
HARDWORKING AND DETERMINATION WITH GROUP MEMBERS, THE WAY WE
WORK TOGETHER IS IMPROVING TASK BY TASK. SECONDLY, ALL OF THEM ARE
ABSOLUTELY MAGNIFICIENT GIVING A BRILLIANT IDEA AND VERY ACTIVE WHILE
DISCUSSING ONLINE IN MEET OR ZOOM. THEY GIVE A 100% COOPERATION FROM
DAY ONE UNTIL THIS REPORT FINALLY DONE. ALWAYS KEEP IN TOUCH AND ASK
FOR A QUESTION THAT THEY OR ME DO NOT KNOW.THIS IS THE WAY FOR
HELPING EACH OTHER TO MAKE THE REPORT PROCESS RUN SMOOTHLY AND
DONE IT WITH EXCELLENT PERFORMANCE. ME AS ONE OF THE GROUP MEMBERS
FEEL VERY LUCKY TO HAVE SUCH A GREAT TEAM THAT HAVE A HIGH
CONFIDENCE LEVEL.
CONCLUSION, DOING THIS REPORT INCREASING MY KNOWLEDGE ABOUT
SPELLING, BEING MORE CREATIVE DOING SOMETHING, THE WAY HOW WE TALK
WITH FRIEND MORE POLITELY, ACCEPTING AND CONSIDER WHO HAVE A GOOD
IDEAS ABOUT ANYTHING WHILE DOING SOME ASSIGNTMENT TOGETHER. SO, WE
GO TO THE MAIN TOPIC. NOT ONLY LANDSLIDES THAT HAPPEN IN MALAYSIA BUT

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ALSO HAVE OTHER DISASTER LIKE FLASHFLOOD AND HAZE. DISASTER IS
HAPPENING BECAUSE OF HUMAN AND NATURE. FOR THE ENDING, I HOPE THAT
THIS TERRIBLE DISASTER WILL NOT ATTACKING MALAYSIA EVER AGAIN IN
FUTURE. THE END ☺

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5.5 AHMAD DAMANHURY BIN ABDUL PATAH

For my reflection that I got from this report about a horrible disaster that

happened in Cameron Highlands which is landslide.It is the worst nightmare for

people I Cameron Highlands because it will disrupt the running economy and

make the residence worried about their own safety and source of income to

support their own family. One of the causes while the landslide happened. One of

it is widespread illegal logging on hillsides. This is because the soil will be easily

eroded and then collapsed. When heavy rain falls, acid that contained in rain

droplets further promotes soil erosion to occur and landslide will happen in no

time. After we have done this report, I can conclude that human doings is not the

only peak of the problem but natural occurrence can also be the causes of this

disaster. I am very glad that I have very cooperative friends so our report was

done smoothly without any issues. My friends also have shared a lot of

information to be used, so we have the enough amount of information in order to

complete this report.

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REFERENCES (please use spacing 1.15)
1. Sinar Harian. ( 24 October 2018 ).

Tanah runtuh di Cameron Highlands, jalan utama ditutup | Astro Awani

2. Nik Amirulmumin Nik Min. ( 16 September 2021 ).

://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/161856/BERITA/Semasa/Wanita-maut-
tertimbus-tanah-runtuh-di-Cameron-Highlands

3. Malay Mail. ( 16 September 2021 ).

Woman killed in Cameron Highlands landslide | Malaysia | Malay Mail

4. New Straits Times. ( 19 October 2019 )

Landslide damages Cameron Highlands road; congestion expected (nst.com.my)

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