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153 Slides

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A Welding Procedure is a recipe of variable welding

parameters, which will produce the same results of certain
quality & properties of weld if carried out in the same way

eac me
Or a procedure which has been welded and tested to a
specification such as ASME IX.

weldment NOT the skill of the welder.

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 It is a document of a qualified welding procedure

needs in order to carry out the work.

as een
Welding ssue as
Procedure a resu
test o a success u
(WP test).
Additional WPS’s can be issued on a successful

WP test as long as they remain within the Extent

of Approval.

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Construction Code From all range of Welding of a

Materials welding variables test coupon
Design rom e
 Nonessential; Range of
Impact testing
 Supplementary variables
ABC
.

ABC WPS ABC PQR

e ng Record of Record of welding variables
variables actual variable
 Essential; and test results
 Nonessential;
 Supplementary Specimen preparation
(if applicable). Date
Mechanical test
sign

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Once the welding of test coupon has been completed under

some welding variables , No Radiography or any

The test coupons shall be Mechanically tested to ensure that
the desired level of mechanical ro erties have been met

If all the desired properties have been met, then a procedure

results reviewed, and the draft WPS then becomes qualified

rom s a a, a wor a e ocumen or pro uc on we ng s

prepared and called a Welding Procedure Specification. (WPS)
.

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QW-200.1 Each manufacturer and contractor shall

prepare written Welding Procedure Specifications which
are defined as follows.
(a) Welding Procedure Specification (WPS). A WPS

s a wr tten
provide qua for
direction e we
makingng production
proce ure prepare
welds to to
Code
.
used to provide direction to the welder or welding
o erator to assure com liance with the,Code re uire-
ments.

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QW-200.2 Each manufacturer or contractor shall be

required to prepare a procedure qualification record
which is defined as follows.
QW-200(a) Procedure Qualification Record (PQR). A

PQR
coupon.s aThe
recor
PQRo ist ae record
we ng ata use to
of variables we a test
recorded
.
the test results of the tested specimens. Recorded vari-
ables normall fall within a small ran e of the actual
variables that will be used in production welding.

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The terms “manufacturer” or “contractor” are:

 Own the certificate of authorization, can be a
conventional or a nuclear stamp(s), where required
 Responsible for the welding

 Can be an installer, assembler or fabricator

 Can be an organization effective operational control of
welding qualification for TWO or more companies of

different name, see QW 201.

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 Question (1): If Company A reviews and approves

Section IX qualified WPS’s submitted by Companies B
and C for a given project, may Company A use Company
B and C‘s WPS’s?

Rep y 1 : No.
 Question (2): If Company A reviews and approves
ec on qua e s su m e ompan es an
C for a given project, may Company A authorize
‘ ’
 Reply (2): No.

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 Question: May a contractor provide his qualified

weldin rocedure s ecifications for use b his
subcontractors, to perform welding in accordance
with the re uirements of ASME BPV Code
Section IX?

 Reply: No.

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 Question: In a contract involving piping construction work,

our company subcontracted the piping prefabrication work to a
subcontractor. This subcontractor is mana ed b our com an
but has a different name. The subcontractor proceeded to
qualify welding procedures which were conducted in the
presence and with the approval of our company’s welding

eng neer
signed w o mon
approval on tore t e we
the PQRs. Theng o t eControl
Quality test coupons anof
System
the subcontractor and our company fully described the
opera ona con ro o proce ure qua ca ons. as our c en
right in rejecting the use by our company of the subcontractor
qualified welding procedures for the erection work of the
 Reply: This is a contractual issue, which ASME does not
address.

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 Three construction companies have participated in a

nuclear power plant construction project as a consortium
contractor. They have a unified Quality Assurance
Program, but the consortium does not hold a Certificate
.
holds its own Certificate of Authorization.
“
names in an organization” in QW-201 apply to the
consortium described in the Back round?
 Reply: No

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 Background Two companies are contracted by a client

company to undertake pipe work installation on its facility. All
sta es of the Weldin Procedure ualification Processes for
the two contracted companies are witnessed by the client
companies representative and the documentation duly stamped
and signed as accepted by the client.

 Question
company?(1): May these procedures be used by the client
 Re l 1 : No.
 Question (2): Does the client company have to re-qualify these
procedures in order to perform in-house maintenance a t a later
date usin all the same essential and nonessential variables
with its own qualified welders?
 Reply (2): Yes.

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WPSs may be used by the new owner(s) without

requalification, provided all of the following are met:
(a) the new owner(s) takes responsibility for the WPSs and
PQRs

(b) the WPSs reflect the name of the new owner(s)

(c) the Quality Control System/Quality Assurance Program
reflects the source of the PQRs as being from the former
manufacturer or contractor

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 Background: Company A and Company B merge

divisions to form a new Company, C.

 Question (1):May the new Company C , use PQRs and
WPSs developed previously by Company A and

 Reply (1): Yes, provided operational control is in

accordance with QW-201.
 Question (2): May the new Company, C, use the central
materials laboratory of Company A to develop WPSs and

 Reply (2): Yes, provided operational control is in

accordance with W-201.
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 Background: When one of a company' s plants is sold, it

is not clear if the new owner can use the Welding

Procedure Specifications (WPS) and Procedure
Qualification Records (PQR) qualified by the original
.
using those WPS/PQR.

B. May both Company A and Company B use the

WPSs/PQRs reviousl ualified b Com an A
 Reply: Yes. provided the requirements of QW-201.1 are
addressed by Company B.

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on en s o e . e comp e e s a
describe all of the essential, nonessential, and, when

welding process used in the WPS. These variables are

listed in QW-250 through QW-280 and are defined in

Article IV, Welding Data.

The WPS shall reference the supporting Procedure
Qualification Record(s) (PQR) described in QW-200.2.
The manufacturer or contractor may include any other

a Code weldment.

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QW-401.1 Essential Variable

.
condition which will affect the mechanical

proper es o (for
the weldment er example,
an no c change
oug ness
in P-o
Number, weld- ing process, filler metal,
electrode reheat or ostweld beat
treatment, etc.).

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QW-401.3 Supplemental Essential Variable (Procedure). A change in

a welding condition which will affect the notch-toughness properties of a
weldment, (for example,
, change in welding
, . process,
. uphill or down vertical
When a procedure has been previously qualified to satisfy all
requirements other than notch toughness, it is then necessary only to prepare
an additional test coupon using the same procedure with the same essential
var a es, u a ona y w a o e requ re supp emen ary essen a
variables, with the coupon long enough to provide the necessary notch-
toughness specimens.
When a rocedure has been reviousl ualified to satisf all
requirements including notch toughness, but one or more supplementary
essential variable is changed, then it is only necessary to prepare an
additional test coupon using the same welding procedure and the new
su lementar essential variable s with the cou on lon enou h to
provide the necessary notch-toughness specimens. If a previously qualified
weld procedure has satisfactory notch-toughness values in the weld
metal, then it is necessary only to test notch-toughness specimens from the
.

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c anges o e . anges may e ma e n e

nonessential variables of a WPS to suit production

changes are documented with respect to the essential,

nonessential, and, when required, supplementary essen-

tial variables for each process. This may be by amend-

ment to the WPS or by use of a new WPS.
Changes in essential or supplementary essential (when
required) variables require requalification of the WPS

essential or supplementary essential variables).

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Question: Does QW-200.l(c) require that there be a history

of changes such as margin notes or other record

essential, nonessential, or supplemental variables each time

a WPS is revised?

Reply: No.

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(d) Format of the WPS. The information required to be in the

WPS may be in any format,, written or tabular, to fit the

, needs of each
,
and, when required, supplementary essential variables outlined in
QW-250 through QW-280 is included or referenced.
Form QW-482 (see Nonmandatory Appendix B) has been
provided as a guide for the WPS. This Form includes the required
data for the SMAW, SAW, GMAW, and GTAW processesIt is only
a guide and does not list all required data for other processes. It also
lists some variables that do not apply to all processes (e.g., listing
shieldin as which is not re uired for SAW . The uide does not
easily lend itself to multiple process procedure specification (e.g.,
GTAW root with SMAW fill).

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Each manufacturer or contractor shall maintain a record of

the results obtained in welding procedure and welder and
welding operator performance qualifications. These
records shall be certified by a signature or other means as
’ ’
Control System and shall be accessible to the Authorized
Ins ector. Refer to recommended Forms in Non
mandatory Appendix B.

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SMAW Shield Metal-Arc Welding

SAW Submerged-Arc
- Welding
&FCAW & Flux-Core-Arc Welding
GTAW Gas Tungsten-Arc Welding
-

ESW Electroslag Welding

EGW Electrogas Welding
EBW Electron Beam Weldin
Stud & Inertia and Continuous Drive Friction Welding
Resistance Welding
LBW Laser Beam Welding
Flash Welding
Each welding process has its own welding variables (table QW-252 to 265)

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QW-250 WELDING VARIABLES

QW-251 General
QW-251.1 Types of Variables for Welding
Procedure Specifications (WPS). These variables
s e or eac we ng process n a es -
252 through QW-265) are subdivided into
essential variables su lementar essential
variables, and nonessential variables (QW-401).
The "Brief of Variables" listed in the Tables are
or re erence on y. ee e comp e e var a e n
Welding Data of Article IV.

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Question (1): Is it required that all of the essential and nonessential

- -
addressed in the WPS, even though some of these variables are not
app ca e?

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QW-250 WELDING VARIABLES

QW-251.4 Special Processes
-
and hard-surfacing weld metal overlays are as indicated in the
following tables for the specified process. Only the variables
specified, for special processes shall apply. A change in the
corros on-res s an or ar sur ac ng we ng process s a requ re
requalification.
QW-218 Applied Linings
- . s or a ac ng app e n ngs s a e qua e
in accordance with QW-202.2(a), (b), or (c).
QW-219 Flash Welding
as we ng s a e m e o au oma c e ec r ca res s ance
flash welding of tubular cross-sections. Procedure qualification tests
shall be conducted in accordance with QW-199.1.

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QW-252 OFW QW-258 ESW

QW-252.1 OFW (special process) QW-258.1 ESW (special process)
QW-253 SMAW QW-259 EGW
- . spec a - . spec a process
process) QW-260 EBW
QW-254 SAW QW-261 Stud Welding
QW-254.1 SAW (special process) W-262 Inertia and Continuous
QW-255 GMAW and FCAW Drive Friction Welding
QW-255.1 GMAW and FCAW QW-263 Resistance Welding
(special process) QW-264 LBW
W-256 GTAW - .
QW-255.1 GTAW (special QW-265 Flash Welding
process)
QW-290.4 Temper Bead
QW-257 PAW
- .

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