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    Safety in Plant Design - Emergency Isolation, Depressuring and shutdown systems

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    36 views14 pages

    Safety in Plant Design - Emergency Isolation, Depressuring and Shutdown Systems

    Uploaded by

    Jaziel
    Safety in Plant Design - Emergency Isolation, Depressuring and shutdown systems

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    poin1ve PROPRIETARY INFORMATION For Authorized Company Use Only LZ EXON ‘SAFETY TN PLANT DESIGN DESIGN PRACTICES K SUBSECTION F Section Page XE Lof2 EXXON EMERGENCY ISOLATION, Date ENGINEERING | DEPRESSURING AND SHUTDOWN’ SYSTEMS December, 1984 CONTENTS Page SCOPE 1 REFERENCES 1 BACKGROUND 1 DEFINITIONS 1 EMERGENCY [SOLATION Application of Emergency Block Vaives for Isolation, Compressors Pumps, Vessels, Large Risk Inventories, Fired Heaters, Boilers Vulnerable Equipment, Plant Battery Limits Design Features of Emergency Block Valves EMERGENCY DEPRESSURING Vapor Blowdown (Depressuring) Design of Vapor Blowdown Connections Design of Vapor Blowdown Release Systems Use of Normal Disposal Routes and Controls Instrument Failure Considerations EMERGENCY SHUTDOKN SYSTEMS Application of Remote Shutdowns Design Features of Remote Shutdown Facilities WATER FLOODING PROVISIONS Application, Design INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS FOR EMERGENCY BLOCK VALYES Location and doerz0i Table 1 System Fat lur Actuating Con Testing fica of Yalve Body Fireprooting of EBY's ON SEZARCH AND ZNGiNE: 7 Section Page XV-F 2 of 2 Pete December, 1984 PROPRIETARY INFORMATION For Authorized Company Use Only EXXON DESIGN PRACTICES EXXON RESEARCH AND ENGINESSIN CONTENTS (CONT'D) Subsection XV-F Revision Information 12/785 Complete Revision sto PROPRIETARY INFORMATION For Authorized Company Use Only Te DESIGN PRACTICES EXON SAFETY 0 PLANT DESIGN suasterion F Section Page EXXON EMERGENCY ISOLATION bid bere PRESSURING AMD _ oate ENGINEERING ome seacowe ssTEns Decewer, 1304 scove This subsection cavers the requirements for avergoncy factlitfes_ for the shutdown and Isolation of onsite utpeent: and for ene aepressuring or ataplacorene of te fiom naterial inventory ot process aateer | Emerdeney facilities for offsite facilities are covered in Subsection J. 7 aerenencts Design Practices (Besices other subsections of ents seertan) Section I, Bedign Tenperatuce, Pressure and Flange Ratings WP2-2-3, Flrowater systems BP3-6-1, Piping Tor Testraments ap}-6-3, eh Tity Connections to Piping dnd Cauipsent Beata, ping Layout Valve seiection Critersa Fleepraottag ef Vessels and Structural Kesoert Electricat eireute Design for lasteuments Hota detuators tor Valves Fiele Wireng af Thermeouples and Inetruments Dower System e890 uieing Hetnaas. sea Material selection 1) Tepact faguisenones for Mazertals ale Oxner gateren Report Wo, EE.27E.88, “Guidelines for Selactton ana Installacton of Eeersency Slock Yalves* aacxcaouN0, Safety Gesign phi losoahy 1 to elintnate foreseeable cists of fice, explosion ar accident. However, it 15 recognized twat such Inetdenes may stil” cetury ane. plant designs must therefore incluse ‘features to sinimize. the Fesulting damage. Of sajar inpartance in ths respect are “anergency facilities ta stop. 3s rapicly as possible, the Sneontrolted release af flammable material that is feesing a fire.” Tese facilities. conprise: + Gmergency deoressuring 3 Gheesency shuvtown sysens 2 Cleuid ataplacenene and water flooding provisions Tach of these four sunject arees {5 covered in this svbsectton erm TONS, Plant Sactery Linite Plane sattery Tinles are defines as 2 eeutgnane ren an re fame ttanie 97 naarins of che taattest grosraghical sundtetsions af 9 pra ‘ft separation tran cach strer ina. from adjacent fet! tos omplete pracess oe a. group of Integrates processes which may Se shut down zagether for i hia Ve ine sree aroana 4 gotentsal eax wnich ducing an mmersency stu ON RE: -ARCH AND ENGINES SING /AHAM PARK, “1 sui-to2 Section ye] P89° 9 oe PROPRIETARY INFORMATION Date For Authorized Company Use Only | EXXON DESIGN PRACTICES tecenoee, 1984 Enerqancy Sloe valves Energency Mock alves. (8V) permit the control of hazardous situations. these ace valves for emergency fsolation or vasur lowow and are raferres to-as Type A, 8, Cor O- Sotslted reqatvemnts for these cavees are described in Table 1 ana. appropriate Easie Practices. Contingency considerations. concerning # single TH are always Tnitea co the source af potential leak the valve 4s tastaived Yor: 2 sina Type A Valve ton MS, BE EO, totatteg se the eutoment or verze noccle and ts sanvally created. In case of Tease, fanttion {2 noe expected near” the equipments ype 8 valve For this type BV, the potential Teak and ignition Ip assumed to hopen at the equipment stoelt, enerefare this valve type has ta be astalfed at a certain ainimm dlatance (28 ft) fron tnts eguiaments The Type @ EV 13 rnually Sorateg & sit ar inalier and wp throug clas 00. Tor fast access the tive Sal nat be insaliev ghee Type ¢ waive For this type €BY the contingency situation and the lstance from equipment 4 equal to the anove Type 8 valve, pue nara the Valve ts povar spericed. Tale miy 36 dacnute it 1g a large valve. (I0" and above} or a peesture Clase! miener than lOO.” The actuating gustbtton for auch a valve ts. installed locally at the valve actuator ements fnetaliea at laast 25 Ft tran the parantial leak and not Migher than 1 fe trom grade Tyee 92) This type EW Is sewer operated with a remoee actuating dutton, The Tacaton of the actuating sutton 13 either (40 fe) away fram the source of gotential Teax or at grace if 4 power operated valve (where design originally Feauirea Type C} tm installed stove IS fee EMFACENCY {SOLATION The provision of valves, manually or gover operated (either locally af remotely), and installed at strategic fposnts tarsugnout. she. eauiprent (on bath” geographical and process. flow sabes), permiee ‘the affectea. ection to be Salated fran oener sections of the plant, a0 that the inventory of furl feecing fee or smergancy {4 linited eo a inall ares’ ar graua oF vartele, On 4 larger seale, a the event of a wtaeeprasa Hire, it is" mecerary 20 gut in the Shoie unt by closing valves st battery Traits, wechanien! rarlures of mcninery, fired neater tubes and some other Wineraole eduspnent are recognizes a. common cause of major fires, and individual 4solaeton valves Tor ehese Veen oF Thutpaent are-spechtied ta the following peragragnes linen consiaaeing ‘sotatson valving for onsite equipment suen ag sumpe ane canprescoes, tne Incent 16 0 provide an isolation capability wnere there 1s fire directly associated with that equipnent. The approach '3 0 provide Yaiving and protection to maximize the teolation capabliity far che aesignaces *ists ata reasenable suse covt relative fo rellance on normal process valving, It is not intended to pravice tesign features that assure operability under all Poxstole fire condietons regardless of cost. Aoplicatton of Enarcency Mock dalves for tgolacion oergency black valves for Molation should be provided in accordance with guidelines given below. The nathos af stolaecon roaui ced on auen cose $2 referred 20-33 Type Ay By C, at Os. these sypen are cetinces above anger “Det n1~ Plonese Dovasied seston requironants are given in TaDle conoressors rotation valves are cyouized In the suction and aiecharse of any a cororattor over 200 HP handling flanmiole oF tevarely toate materials. See Soatection & for aetinition of “severely tants” 2, For conareesors sweting the above eniterta unten nave mbitiale suetione or sserarges connectea 0 aifferene presture stages, ‘wolstvon wlvee sre cequsred Ym al suction ng a4zenaras liney that se nepmal‘y open. For ganereniors weting tne creterta on (1), sbove, ahten nave inters contains sare than 1000 U.S. gallons of ‘tVamable Higuia st noreai levels, 4. minemin requirements for type of Isalation valves are as follows: 4. Tor 200 to 1900 HP, Type 8, Tyee & oF Type D according to Tine 5126 ang locaston 2, For over 1000 HP. Tyoe piping Tayouts vereits Such valve inataltetions. shou ae Naess 26 F from ene corsrwssor, I XXON AESEAR( IGINEERING suite EXXON DESIGN PRACTICES PROPRIETARY INFORMATION Section we | Pages of 12 For Authorized Company Use Only | O5te oxcemnar, 1908 1, hen the inventory in 4 pwn suction vessel reets any of the criteria Histes selow, 4 Type &, C, oF 0 ltolatton Valve should be Installed tm ‘the pum suction iner according to tl2»" and. locations in the ‘case of Covers Inventory is calculates at the top of the working level range, with the addition af tray and rabetler holdup 1 they arevdratniag into the tover tan.” Holdep im piping can be elected a. Lignt ngs, over 2000 gattons inventory. © 3 3. Ayarocarsea Tiguia stove autotgnittan dr 600°F, over 2000 gallons inventory. CL yaracarton Hgu!d, over 4000 gellons Saventory. 2. Im some suction Ines from vessels to punpty emeegency kolation may de required for both the pum and the vessel, if they both setisty the appropriate criteria. in these cases, cuoltcate Isolation facilities are not reguiree However, If an EBV is required for vessel contents, then comections tothe Tine between the ERY and. the wesse should be avolaea 3, Where an energency isolation valve is installed in the suecion line to a pump. or in the comon suction Tne to tye oe more pumps, the fsolation valve and 311 piping components between it and the punp(s} must have 4 pressure cating St normal operat ing temperature of not leas than a/t of the pressure that will exist. downstream of the puro shen the Snergency=izolation valve ts ahve. the pressure in thie situatian fz nat accestartly the, poop disenarae, pressures im ost cases, this will be the pressure’ tn the vapor space of the flest dounstreaa vessel wntch contains stan f= cant vapor. Should a change of flange rating be reauires ta a pump suction system decause of ts consideration, TE mUSt dctur’at the upstream side of the (salation salve Vessels conteining more than certein laventories of ight encs, saterial heavier than light ends tut above its fine, or severely torte Viquiet [as detloed Yn Subsection Aly shauia be provides with valves to 1golate the ves~ sel contents from possible failures sn associated Tiguid piping, ae follows! Hf the 1auid Inventory is over 1000 but Tess than 10,000 galTons ealeulated at the tap af the working tavel range, with the adaicion of tray and reboiter heldue in tne case af tovers, and neglecting line taventory), a Type A {401 Sian vaive iz raquired im each dinen ap smaller line eanected below the tap of the working revel range If the liqui saventory {s aver 10,000 gallons. (calculated as in paragragh 2 above), Type A Ssolation valve is aquired in each Tine Comectea below the top of the working level range, regardless of sizes This requirement aly be applied co analler fnventortee.anen thera ara ageclal hazard. factors’ desee lated with the weasel eantentsy e-3y high corrosion rates, high pressure, cryogenic conditions, ar severely tonic satervale Conmection€ between the S4olation vilve aad the vessel shovld be avotded. Normally, the connection to the closed data Header, should’ ow caken off outside. the Teplation valve and the vevsele Wore conprenensive, isolation Ts redut red. in Certain nigh rise situattons, 26 described ta the following paragraphs. Large ign alot toventories ~ In certain high risk applications to snable a large inventory #9 be rigtally seolated trom Ty unten nie Pwiultea Team 2 ‘4lure af connected piging ae Aquignent, a type D FBV ig required sn each normily Goen Tine connected delow the narnal liquid Tevel.. Connections tothe line detween the EBY ana the vessel should 36 Svolsed”™ see previous paragraph. “For a "large Nigh risk, all af the following concttions aust. 39619: re vessel contains Tight ends or material nesvier than I4gnt ands but anove ts f1asn potne. 2. The vessel contains over 10,000 gallons of Tiquid (cateutated at the top of the working level range). Special factors whicn Increase the potential for danage In the event of flee, e.gey poor fHreftghcing access, Suostanaard spacing oF congestee layout or stacking. reg Heaters, Soylers ana Ouner Conbustson Devices Le Fuel to Fieenox fuel streams (including piloe gas) to fired heaters, dollers and oxher conoustion devices should be provided site in aceartrble, sanvaliy operates tlock valve, located at lesve 0 fe “om te equvoments A brceery Siaie valve or other [31 in the line sgy be conaideres t9 niet. ine fuel shutdown requirenent, provided that its closure would fot "create ster naearas or’ conflict sigh other actions that agit, be necessary ducing « glane evergency. (For Srarcie, 2 fuel sas. Tine sight te equirea’ to be apen ts a cegreazuring rosea.) in the case of fleed heatersy Sotees ets, the fuel isolation requteements of this" paragraph arg im audttvon to tigne anole valves provices or 2. Process Fone te Fired Heater coping the flow of Flammable process fluids 22 fired neater coils. This should consist foe slace valve sn tven sgevany.foeates at toast 20-72. fram the fired heater. flack ‘aise it foes Sumps ae Conmeessors, or a¥ feed control valvesy which meet che sdave regvirement, are aeeepeinle for ane af aneccancy isolation sa tne autlet of a fired heater Mndling fTammable nateriaie 14 alsa dectraple 19 cates Trem "Rowoeor, Une oajective nas ta 26 alanced against the practical graalens of cauiny and tmadvertene closure eater sutist vealation inciuce ™1g% presture, volatile liquids. large Inventory ang aasence of vapor Dlowdowns or SARON RESEARCH ANC (CINEERING COMPANY —FLORHAM PARK, NJ. Section poic| PEGE oe PROPRIETARY INFORMATION Date For Authorized Company Use Only EXXON DESIGN PRACTICES Decenber, 1986 Fired neater outlet isolacton {4 nat narmatly provisges unless cot outlet pressures exceed 200 9t19. an exception to ents {tthe case of pouerforaer Tired heaters, waere m0 chack valves art use, because of the difficulty oF pra Viaing effective Isolation with the series flow accangiment of the fied fester ane feaetors. 4. Men Isolation Is requiced, a check valve Is the normal netnos, provides that reasonable reltaatity can oe eraected, from consigerstiony. ot ake deposition, "he. check valve mist, te of the awing-cneck tjDe win no ‘eternal actuston or danpering mechaniam, No 2co\tlonal overpretzure. protection is necessary ay 7 result OF the" Inclusion ot thie check valve ATenough Isolation by check valve is recognized to have a degree of unreltability, use of 4 remote eperated valve as an acafetonsl means of ‘aolation te ot generally recommenced, Decause af the possibility of Inaaver= Tene: closure ana the assoclated problems of designing an etfective safety valve aytten that will mainata Eonetmuity at low thraugh the call- Hownver, an exception sy agce sm the case of a process fireg heater sperating at coll outlet pressures above 1000 griq shere the importance af {zalation {1 considered sutficiont. to MHECify the Installacton af a popitive. shutof! af the Type O eEV ia. adgitton to a check valve tn the Tires eater autlet. Fired neater overpressure protection mitt be provided én thete applications, ia accordance with Subsection © [*Overpresture in Specific eautpnent: Ween") Ylnerable Equipment. - Emergency Isolation may be required for aquipment which is exceptionally wilnerable to fracture Seatafearroffeg eteie’ terest of sechantea! or therm soe fender graphite hast exchenge), f the eguamee 1, Flammaple maceriat ta the Tight endt ranse. 2, Flammable mitertall above sts Tash povnts SL Severely conte eatertais. the satety and Fie Protection Section of EETD should be consulted on these soplications. If energency isolatien Fretlieres_ are pravigea, they should eangtst of Type 8, Car D isolation valves, according to size and Teeation, ‘installed on the equipment tniet and outlet piping. Pare sacteny Listes Spacing stauirenmnts for plant battery Watts from roaovays, offsite pipabands and other units are defined In Subsectfon Gr Flac nattery lime valve manifolds must be located at the battery lime, or 1? there vs an agjacent offsite ploe Sind, focation up t0 the nearer cage of ERIS pipedand ts peraissible- 1, Energency isolation #5 required in every tine entering or leaving plane battery limits if the Tine Is normally pres furtiea, w(@h the exception of flare and safety velve headers. 2. Baevery Tait valves for Lines which do net require entegency f2olation ace considered on the baste of requirements for turnaround tsalacton A tingie valve in a ne at battery nits my serve for both emergency ang tuenaround faolat ion 4. fateery Hates teolation valves should be grouped foto one oF mare sanifales provided with line identification. 5, [solation valves must be soecitied Type 8 or Type C, aecorsiag to size ant service and aust nest the raquirenents for tmeee valves defined Sn ante le 5, Onsite equtpnent adjacent to he battery limit velve manifold rust be locates to provid fe spacing requteea Beiveen Type # and 2 igelation valves and the equipment being protectea (per Taoie 1). for battery lime isolation this ss Interpraced ag 25 1 teom any ncite cQylonent xcept Jow freerisk faci Tities such ae these handling. noms Flaemasie ur Mgn=t lash maversaie ae tenperatures lover than IS*F balow thelr Tash potas. Design Features of Energeney aiace teives toa other design requirements for ecersency stock valves are descriged in deail in The Design Specification should Identify all specgency lock valves ana, if posstble, indicate type A, 8. Cy or D EBV'S, as appropriate, and define these oy n0%e4 OF by enference 29 UPJ-/~6 Eneacencr oEPnessuatNs It Se possible te resuce the guration ang intensity of 4 fie oy arowiding a moans to cunckly romve tne inventory of HTanmple materssl in the atfassea ‘eecton of the plants jenerdlis, inte involves sebressuring squtonent. Sepressueins cay se Accom lihed sy the se af sppmal geseese dtssocal mechanisms on rautes, ane/or ny the usa oF Spartal caper Mlasdaenfeetlitves. 7 Although le. lavnoe secessatiy f sovign roquirmene. co oe able ta conelately.eroty protection se capapie of Srsnging the Tire under conerol within ane nour. Sea ‘ureher discussion im Sudsecziin A. ney alto faciiitate rapid thutdows of + plant sn the event sf mecsanical fas lure and potential flee, EXTON RESEARCH 1NO NGINEERING CONBANY—ELCRHAM PARK. Nal soi-t02 EXXON DESIGN PRACTICES PROPRIETARY INFORMATION Section ave | Pages o 12 For Authorized Company Use Only [Gare oscamer, tape Lowdowns are only {4#talled on aquloment operating above 250 9819. These factTities are normally provided on tne reactor rections of povtetormersy hydractucherss hyerot ners. and ydragesuifurtsation unite. In adgttton, for other Seuipment, egy large light ands frsetlonators” or urge sruet, operating above 230 psig, vapor Blowiowns sould be Sroviaeds then the Mamableligusd ane vapor contantt of 4 versel oF group af vessels (excluding piping and pyro3). fen Maznea and expanded salatatically fom eperating conditions to atmospheric prasture, woule axceee £00,000 11+. Desten of Vapor Blowdown Connections 1, Two or more vessels my be grouped for energency deoresuring purposes and Fitted with a single Dlowiows connect fon, proviged that the interconnecting piping has adecuate capucity <0 meet the Gepressuring ime requirement defined Below. In agsizion, ay control salves in the interconnecting piotag has adequate capactty Co meet the depresiuring ine’ requirement gevined Selom. In addition, any coneral valves in the Toterconreceing piping mist move tovards the open position 5 4 result of both actuating weaim fatlure and normal control response to the deoressuring opers tion.’ "control valves, must be checked ta ensure thae they can Randle the design rate when calculating. the fegreasuring capacity of the Interconecting piping. A type D EBY, actuated from the control room and ngenally discharging to the Flare tyitem, tt provided. Where two tr hore vapor blomdown cannectiont are tnsealted inva process unity separate actuation of the EBV" 1s normally The bowdoen connection fs afzed to raguce the pressuce in the equipment feon ite operating pressure to SUR af its design pessauce in iS misutess For grouped vessels, the pressure of each vessel operating soove 220 psi9 must be Feqweed to's peessure co. ngner than this raquirenent. Oversizing lowdown conection ftould be avoided since Chis an result 1n\salor overlouging of the flare system andy or zone Fesctors, the possible Tifeinj of the catalyst bed {ste bP VIL-3)~ Bepressuring Fates are calculated on the following baste A. Stoopage of process flow and neat Input te the process. Credit nay be taken for water cooling (Out not air fin cooling) 4 the depressuring connection ts located down Stream af 3 cooler or condensers No creait 1s taten for simitaneous depressuring tnraugh normal process slsposat ravtes, if criteria as states fn (1) above cannot Be taken into constaeratton, ack-tow from connected equionent suring depressuring my be éistesarded 1¢ automatic shutatt Is provided by beans’ of a check valve op control valve whten closes as a result of Goth actuating medium failure and rormal Control cesponse to the depressuring operation. es Following formilas should be used far sizing restriction orifices and control valves. 4s Sizing restriction ontftees Vintparee) gesoseit | pat a Vo cet 42 cay FT ‘+ sizing contol valves (Cv Method) c Qe825 1 1atPte) (an. 2) woes cg « 22884 tatPiyery an of Ban 2D ys) oe Be er) jauid flow cortfictene, dimensionless Sete diameter, ened Solequiar aright, sinension less Initial. tystem afessure, pum stant, 10.3 fat hae ING COMPANY —FLORHAM PARK, No Section yy] Page sor PROPRIETARY INFORMATION aa For hutorzed Company Uae ony | EXXON DESIGN PRACTICES 8 (EVE T,, ctnenstontess 2+ Canpresstbi ity facta, dhoenstontess DS Thme for depressuting, hours The compressibility factor has been asiueed constant for integration purpores while, fa fact, it iy a fanetion of pressure, far practteal sesign purpores, however, an average extinated value wilt not contetbute sopreclable error far moderate pressures. Equation (2) for control salves Is applicable anly onder coneitions tor which the Ce method ss described In Sectton AILF of che OP, hen the Cy aethod 1s nat applicable the combined C¥ a the equation (Eqns I} should be used. (eg form of tn of Vapor Slowdown detente Systems + Bowen connect tons may tsenarge {ato the safety valve Reader or Soto 2 ceparate wager depressuring Neacer to the are.” In either case, the princigles of haader sizing, layout ane blendown drum selection are the same as for Closed satety salve release tystems. 2. For header sizing, the contingency considered 15. fire in a single fice cisk ared, with all vapor Blowdown in that hee releasing tinultanpousiy, along with 11 cafety valves in the sine fice cvs area which meet all of the follow tng criteria 2, They are on equipnent not provided with vapor lowiows. bs They are tiee into the same heacer as the vapor STowdcues. Go They discharge as a result of fire exposure on mqvipment. fach Tire risk area 1s examines on ents basis, and the nezder {6 sizes quem tmae curing Gency release, Suck pressure on all safety waiver fe derign oF normal rafaty raive release seaders. ne Iargest single conein~ fed Into the Medger Goes not exceed the Tiateations applying ta 2. oor slowdowns say be ciscrarged to the ataosohere if all the criteria applying to the atmosoheric stacnarse of pressure relvef valves are satisfted (Including pollution consideraciors),.2¢d provided ehat che material released Cin oniy Ge veoor uncer any foreseeable tmerseney. condi ions: Low-Temaerature tooact Strength - Vessels containing volatile liquids, as vell as the vapor Slowom piping, must be “erigned to a1UTstand Te Tor temperatures resulting from autorefesgeration during ewergency depressuring, in accorgance with the raquicanents. of Section If apd QPIB-S-1, If eMie_ consideration alone woulé result ins chance af vessel Taterlai (rom carbon stest to alloy, then the justification for 4 vagor aowiown should be reexsaines- A ehange roa Caeoon’ steel to killed carbon steel would however, be consicered sustifiedy. andi such 4 case the aver Slowdown Facilieies should be srstalleg sf the other crveeria’ for inclusion are satisfied. tingeacy Other than Fire ~ If depressuring facilities are required for the control of excthernic or runaway process Feuctianss these. GonaveTons mst be considered separately. IF Slowdown ‘act itties are required for both fire and Bro: fess denresturing, the larger requirement mis. governe Use of Normal Oisporal Router and Controle. For process plant eauisment which dose not meet the criteria for tastallation of special vavor blowown faetlietes as Jesertzed above, Tt ts assumes tMat in a flr situation sone of the nareal disposal sechanises and routes ate stilt funcetonal ang aceessibte to the operaters, 10 Ende they can tenove ae much a possible of the flammante rnvestory, “These may ‘neluce Dapeessuring sy releasing vapors t9 the fuel gas header or associated planes Pumoing or Pressurtzing liquids trom vessels by nornal routes out of kage ‘These funct ions can often be carried cut using the valve, sanifolding, ane process controllers provided for normal, Startup and shuteoun operations: Valves which are critical. for these functvons (ede. product dTverston to"s10p)y Shovia se locates in a tow fireceiah areas auch as. at ihe battery Tisit piping manifold. energency congittons: must Se nsizeea £9 avolcanyeraus sitadtions in, Cankaye or eaumert receiving siagonal attertelt. For sample, hyoracaraon gases after all the liquid has been discharged. aed {ndividual aases (e.g. action of individual emergency controls under failure from fire exoosure etre suarall nasares arising from 4 plant-eide failure. (evga, of traurunent air], Ths objective 's generally Temieves sf" -eadleing sources st nest facut ang teed ane. proguct sareane to be shut off,” Thre votes the alone es any :XON RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY—FLORHAM PARK. Nu soicae EXXON DESIGN PRACTICES PROPRIETARY INFORMATION Section ivy | P8298, oy ap For Authorized Company Use Only | Gate seceaer. ame Thus. plantowide Instrumentation failure results ia a plant shutdown out does aot remve the fVanmeble Inventory. “Operator action ts necessary to effect the latter step. using the available bloniowts or normal. atipetal routes, 4s described above, nexcency swurooun sesrews Enercency shutdown systems enable the operators to perform the crash shutdown of 3 plant in an emrgency situation by remotely carrying aut funcetont Such ay shutting down aujor machinery. stopping fest tapst"o Tieea Poster ‘nd ‘eboiters. and Shutting off ate to oridation pracesseny "They alse serve Ws a pears Oy wOlch machinery. aye ‘enotely shutown in the event af mechanical malfoneeiont when thers ia a possibility of mlnent eacassrapnie Tabtore, feplication of Energeney Shutdown Systens The following types of equipment oF streams should be provided with emergency shutdowns 1, AIL conoressors over 200M, (Actuation from the contrat house.) 2, Emergency smutdowns shoulé 2180 36 considered for other machinery where there are particular factors which lnerease. the potential for aechanical failure and major releace of flamubie meerisisy trace, large mitiorage pos. tors. tatters, and Omer Conpuetion Equionant (Fuel to Fire doe) The avitity zo remotely close (From the control douse] the niin fuel shutdown valves and pilot gas valves to combustion eawioment. 1s reauired. These valves should be tight. shutott, deaicated only ta.safe stuccom sf the cavipe mene. These arr te sam safety smutart valves reterrea to i BPlSel-i. An additionel £OV {Type 8) 1m the natn fuel Tine’ srait be provicea ax stecussed under “Energency isolations Ale injectron/Gzintzer Streaps to Pracees A ramate snerated stutdona valve (actuated from the control house) is required for an sir Sniection or onigizer stream to srocect share iimeatate thutoff is a stage. in tne emergency shutdown procedure stich ia ezseat ial © ‘axing the unit safe. Gesides a tight smutoff valve, the Installation shold teclude a check vive and 2 tent wolve &9 Snpressurize the siv/oxidiaee stream (Soe also Subsection #.) Netetornated Linuta/tas fact 1ities Requires Type D EBY"s, should be tied Into an enersancy shutcown systen so that refrigerated Iiguid tanks, pumas, conoressars,, Toading facitities and processing unter cin be tagregated fram euch other. Refer also to special Fegort J8,2c5.329 *suagesced Oes) gn Consiverations for aefrigerated tinuetved tas Feet chess Soectal coves Fucther soptication of eenote shutdowns may be Justified In spectal cases, to entble other process functions or aauiament :0 be stooped, thus accelerating the shutdown procedure, Factors which should ba raven into accoust TA uch "cases include plant vite, complexity and mperator nanming levelse fer examoler catalytic eracring ants are Provides with « special emergency aysten which slverts. toad and closes slide valves to" {eolate the reactor and regan erator.’ The unit can therefare oe rapidly put into a “safes congition during én energeney.. Other eranoles, for aoptiehe tian of enargeney “shutsonn tystens.are Clive plants, gas tursines, alr preneaters and the comination of process £8V with the Griver ee%p ystem on Tnege rotating machines. ures of Emercancy Shutcown Systems Shutaown controls ist be proviced with suitable guards to prevent accidental operation. They should be ues!ned for :88 caximun possidie extent. of onatreum testing without actually shutting down the eguigwents (See #Piscrct Shutaow signal! systems ta muchineny drfuers. should normally be de-tnergized while the grotected equioment is in boeratiun. SI athar snutsown tnseronent Systeee must te normally energived as ner APlS-f-s. + For control salves wnich serve other functions In addition to remote shutdown, the action seecif¥ed on stenal oF veroating system fatlure muse Se based on inaivicual consi eration oF ech cave HAIER sL001NG >aOVISIONS opie water “ooking connections are sonetines provided an aquioment to. protect against uncontrolled selease of Flonmaoie Sacervs at the sottom connecttont or at. the gump withdrawing Tiguid “rom the vessel. in tueh 4 contiaceneyy ce ihe guia myerocarson up the” wessely 0 that. only water adeases.ohrauyh the seine eb Faiture, “hos oataaa'eequives a source of water ae 1 prasiyre mignar than the vessel design pressure slay secumutecton 2XXON RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY—FLORHAM PARK, NJ. su-tae Section 5 - | PA8 a or a PROPRIETARY INFORMATION decesber, 1984 Bate For Authorizad Company Use Only | EXXON DESIGN PRACTICES ans static head, and. should not te groviged if the operating temperature Is above 200°F. water flooding comections Rive Matted application, but, shovid be considered for. on-refrigerated, large volatile Tiquid inventories as an Maultion to remte controlled isolation and/or \iguie pulldoon facilities. the safety and Fire Protection ‘action af EEtD'shoula ve consvited om such sepia ions {In some cases, such a5 for Sarge Viquie-filNed waterwash settling drums, water cisplacenent muy be used co renove Naud nparoceswenss THIS method te conveniently used when enough water normally enters 2 1iquid-t lied vessel {hat tne hydrocarbon ean ab d%aplaced by shutting off Bata the hyUrocarbon feed and the water outlet. eston The injection polst for water Floading should comply with the requirements of P30 shoutd be suitable provected against freeftng ane the mater Lateral ater Mooeing connections are provides on nan-refrigerated LPG spneres and saheroids per $P3-2-2. Structures and founaations of vessels proviges wlth water flooding connections ust ve designes for the [INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS FOR EWERGENCY SLOCK VALVES locaton 10d Oserapétity of €8¥'s Table L presents requirements for location, size and operability tor emergency block valves. The stances stated in Tanie I ave estimated ainiaum values. based on experiences with average fires. Type 3 €BV"s in fired heater process, fuel ang pilot gas lines which are used a5 3 second block valve shovia be located Se least 40 ft from the flee! neater, This increased stseance resagntzes. that fired eaters represent. 9 Pranee potential" ta:ragnttuge, as well as femquency, for fires than do other process equipment. Access to Type B and ¢ vslves and to Type D pushbuttons mist se aicect and safe. Ths wauld incluce that the operator doesnot have to approach closer 29 the s9uree of potential Teak than the distance of he e4lye oe the push Gotten location itself. in addition to distance, geher Factors faye ta be evaluated carefully turing detail design. Forvcramles if 9 iyoe 8 or 6 £00 is locates at the graper sistance from a potential teat but is positioned near a catch Cesin nae sill aratnethet potential Test, then the waive shoula be celgcatae er designated as 2 iype 0 since the intent Gi the spacing guideline Se sot wets. Als0, if the hevght Timitation for Type 8 and c €6V"5. iy owt tut access ts only Sosstble from plettorns elevated ioove the ‘setual installation location, then the valve should oe either relocated or Uerignates a= 4 Type D since easy access 1s not possible Mand wheels for Type A and 2 valves af well as handuneels for Type Cand 0 sctuatars must be operable from cither grade ort alatform, Ehaia aneels are not perniteed on aay ESF snstaliation, (QP 3-7-4) Chotee of valve goay, valve Seey choice for eneegeney dock valves depancs on application anc an Yocation. In areas where an BY might be exposes to fire. {auch ay sm process. areas) snd must renain closed Im aM amerency, the valve bndy aust Se Did or wittstanding, arolongod tire inoingenent wtcnoct_ Testing. Therefore,” EBV": im Tsgiation service sROuld ither a gate valeey a Wuaricated plug valve, or a nigh pertormance pall or butterfly vatve, High performance ball Setter "ata Seta sens tBu Jake ett aaa consiare serach Te af, (racers 2, ams Posisieal.) (6P2s12-1) soft sealed, “fire safet type Ball, plug or butterfly valves (8P2-14e1, 993-1404) ara not recommended in thts service secause sencuittarm tVane exposure of the valve Dodgy may Teed to only parviat melting of the seal_ang subsequent Teatage. iowever, such "Fire safe” gott seoled valves are slloved In areas where there is only a renote chance of f17e, Such in’ grea would be the shores{de end of ¢ sarine finger or T-hebd ples where the valves are at least 100 fe fcom ee source” af pocemtiot Teak. (RP 312-1) For depressuring systems, the situstion Ss different since tignt shutott 4s neesea during nares} operation ane ne EBV {3 sequired to open in tn emergency. In this case, an heeeptaple and economical solution would be 2 tipnt Shutoit disosrage operatee valve with sail agen actian under” fire exposure concteions. However, 9 motorized ite ive with on orifice plave may slzo ne usee ta thts service. (BP J-12-1) EXXON RESEARCH ANO ENGINEERING COMPANY —FLORHAM PARK, NJ. soi-ine EXXON DESIGN PRACTICES PROPRIETARY INFORMATION For Authonzed Company Use Only Section. ‘Date Orcanver, 1988 ome 10M, SIZE MO OPFRARILLTY RENUIREMENTS cOR EMERGENCY BLOCK vaLvES (aryert, 273-1221) PusHOUTTOM FoR AETEVATION vue Tr een ‘ 4 ¢ ° YALE LOCATION (Note 3) atsrarcrions = Mocizontal aistance eon | a equipment | > 25 te 221 | 0 restrictions Source of potential Test (wete ty = Maximum elevation above | At equioment | 15 fe wee ve cestrictions grace (rate 2) TALVE SITE & FLANGE RATINGS j (vote 3) Jer Die | | - anv sizes | class 300, | above | att sizes va classes | and'Tower | Chess sco | Shu Sissies | | | | | | | | - mat em ne eee | ; | | seersimuir | icc ee leer eee te | ae |” coerates without passing | sot 1 soot Be ae | Ore dent tied as. stattery intl (BL) wd ee ts TRV'G Vocates at Matheny Limite shall renuicen anly in (lamaple or severe! she vive 15 sore than 1S ‘2 hort ontally fram source of potential Leak 2 for manually operated bloce saives in process Tyee € aN" are EXXON RESEARCH ANO ENGINEERING COMPANY—FLORHAM PARK, Nu 21-102 thon e Sectors meena PROPRIETARY INFORMATION ——— Fer autorived Conary Use On | poo DESIGN PRACTICES Sesten Fatture, Gansiseration of system fatture mast be Included in the design of an emergency block valve, both on a plant- ide an an individual basis Normally, the design ured for an ommegency place valve Ie fuch that the valve remains {xatfonary woon Toss af the controi sigoal, the actuating mata Sr a aechanical component aitUre, "his G2sigh 3150 rene 35 “Fa Tascatianary™, avoles nuisance trips of the valet fos *Fatt-Sate* design, the valve would always nove to the position considered safe in an energency upon loss Of he contro} stanel or actuating nedlum. "Tnte sesiqn 1s generally recommenced for EA's. 1m anargenty

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