What is a fluid?

“a substance such as a liquid or gas that does not permanently resist

distortion.”

“a substance that deforms continuously when acted on by a shearing

stress at any size.”

Solving problems in Fluid Mechanics must satisfy:

1. Conservation of mass – continuity equation

2. Newton’s 2nd law – conservation of momentum

3. 1st law of thermodynamics – conservation of energy

4. 2nd law of thermodynamics – entropy

Fluid Properties:
Unit conversions:
Ideal gas equation:

Density of a gas (ideal gas)?

Find density of air at 1 atm and 77 °F?
Exercise:
Calculate factors for converting:
(a) N to lb f

(b) BTU to cal ¿

lb f
(c) atm to ¿
2

(d) hp to kW
Problem:
A coal-fired power plant with an output of 300 megawatts has an
efficiency of 40% in converting heat to work. If the coal has a heating
value of 30,000 kJ/kg, how many metric tons (1 ton = 1,000 kg) are used
per hour?
Problem:
How many molecules of oxygen are there in a lbmol of air at 1 atm and 0
°C (See Appendix 1)? How many molecules of oxygen are there in a kgmol
of air at 1 atm and 30 °C?