1.

this time difference and use it to determine the direction of the sound
source.

2. Interaural Level Difference (ILD): The head acts as a barrier that

partially blocks sound waves from reaching the ear farthest from the
sound source. As a result, the ear closer to the source receives a
stronger sound signal. By comparing the intensity of the sound in
each ear, the brain can infer the source's direction.

Our auditory system processes these time and intensity differences and
combines them to create a three-dimensional perception of sound sources
around us.