Yr 7 WB Edited

EDEXCEL INTERNATIONAL
GCSE (9-1)
YEAR 7 BIOLOGY
REVISION WORKBOOK 2022/ 2023
STUDENT'S NAME:..................................
.................................................................
COMPILED BY TR SULAIMAN
Page 1 of 117
EDEXCEL IGCSE BIOLOGY
YEAR 7 WORK BOOK
TOPICAL QUESTIONS
TOPIC 1: THE NATURE AND VARIETY OF LIVING THINGS:
SUBTOPICS:
Characteristics of living things.......................................Pg 2
Variety of living things................................................. ..Pg 4
TOPIC 2: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF LIVING ORGANISMS
SUBTOPICS:
Levels of organisation and Cell structure ................Pg 16

Biological molecules................................................ Pg 61
Movement in and out of cells:..................................Pg 79
COMPILED BY Tr. SULAIMAN
Page 2 of 117
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS
1 Living organisms share some basic characteristics.
Draw a straight line from each characteristic to its correct description.The first has
been done for you.
(4)
Characteristic Description
sensitivity production of new organisms
respiration respond to the surroundings
excretion taking in of food
reproduction increase in number of cells
growth release of energy in cells
nutrition removal of metabolic waste
(Total for Question = 4 marks)
Page 3 of 117
14. Match the characteristics of living things with the correct definitions.
Characteristic Definition
movement release of energy from food
respiration increasing in size and complexity
sensitivity use of muscles in animals or slow growth in

plants
growth producing offspring
reproduction responding to stimuli
excretion maintaining steady internal state
nutrition getting rid of waste products
control plants make food, animals eat other organisms
Page 43 of 117
VARIETY OF LIVING THINGS
2 Bacteria, fungi and viruses have different

structures.The table lists some structures.
In each box, place a tick (9) if the structure is present or a cross (8) if the structure is
absent.
One has been done for you.
(3)
Group
Structure
bacteria fungi viruses
cell wall
nucleus
chloroplast 9
(Total for Question 1 = 3 marks)
Page 4 of 117
3 (a) The table shows features found in three groups of living organisms.
Complete the table using a tick ( ) to show that the group of living organisms
shows the feature and a cross () if the feature is absent.
(4)
Feature
Group
Cell wall Plasmid Cytoplasm Nucleus
bacteria 
fungi 
protoctists  
(b) Some bacteria, fungi and protoctists are pathogens.

(i) Name another type of pathogen.
(1)
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(ii) Give an example of a disease caused by a protoctist.

(1)
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4 Yeast is a single-celled fungus. The diagram shows a yeast cell with parts labelled A to F.
C
B
E
A
F
(a) The table lists functions of different parts of the yeast cell.
Complete the table by giving the letter of the part that carries out the function.
(2)
Function Letter of part
controls the movement of molecules into the cell
contains DNA that controls the cell
Page 6 of 117
(b) The table lists statements.
Put a tick (9) in the boxes next to the statements that are correct for yeast.
(2)
Statement Tick
can be used in the production of beer
contains chloroplasts
cell wall is made of chitin
can only reproduce inside living cells
contains plasmids
Page 7 of 117
5 (a) Complete the table to show the characteristic features of the three groups of organisms.
Use a tick (3) if the group has the characteristic and a cross (2) if the group does
not have the characteristic. The first box has been done for you.
(4)
Can carry out

Group Have a cell wall Can be pathogenic
photosynthesis
bacteria 3
fungi
viruses
(b) The table below shows some characteristics shared by most animals.
Complete the table by giving the missing characteristics and examples.
(4)
Characteristic Example
they require nutrition eating food
they respire releasing energy from carbohydrate
some animals can fly
they control their internal conditions
increase of the population of foxes
they grow
Page 8 of 117
6. Bacteria, fungi and protoctists can cause disease and have features common to
all living organisms.
Viruses can cause disease but are not classified as living.
(a) (i) Explain why viruses are not classified as living.
(2)
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(ii) Name a disease caused by a virus.

(1)
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(b) A new group of pathogens called prions was discovered in the 1980s.
Prions are simple proteins.
All known prion diseases can be fatal because the immune system does not
recognise prions as foreign.
Suggest two ways in which prions differ from viruses.
(2)
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7. The table gives features of three different groups of organism.
Complete the table by putting a tick (9) in the box if the organisms in the group have
the feature and a cross (8) in the box if the organisms in the group do not have the
feature. The first one has been done for you.
(4)
Group of organism
Feature of organism
Bacteria Fungus Virus
have a protein coat 8 8 9
all are pathogens
cell walls made of chitin
contain DNA in a nucleus
respire
Page 10 of 117
8. The following organisms can be classified into major groups.
Amoeba Lactobacillus bean Mucor mosquito
(a) From the list above give the name of

(4)
(i) a bacterium ...............................................................................................................................
(ii) a fungus ...............................................................................................................................
(iii) a flowering plant ...............................................................................................................................
(iv) an animal ...............................................................................................................................
(b) Viruses are not included in most classification systems.

(i) Give three ways in which viruses differ from other living organisms.
(3)
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(ii) Give one example of a disease caused by a virus, name the organism it infects
and describe its effect on the organism.
(3)
Disease .................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Organism infected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Effect .......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .
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Page 11 of 117
9. The photograph shows some viruses.
(a) Suggest two reasons why most biologists do not classify viruses as living organisms.
(2)
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(b) Name one example of a virus.

(1)
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(c) Give one structural difference between a bacterium and a virus.

(1)
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Page 12 of 117
10. (a) The table shows four different groups of organisms.
Complete the table to give an example for each group.
(4)
Group Example
animals
fungi
bacteria
protoctists
(b) Different groups have different features.

Complete the table below to show if the feature is present in all, some or none of
each group.
Some of the table has been completed for you.
(3)
Are Cells have Cells contain Cells have

Group
multicellular nucleus chloroplasts cell walls
fungi all all
bacteria some all
protoctists none some
Page 13 of 117
(c) (i) Give one way in which the structure of a virus differs from a bacterium.
(1)
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(ii) Bacteria and viruses can act as pathogens. Give an example of a disease
caused by a virus.
(1)
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Page 14 of 117
11. (a) Although plants and animals have many different features, they also have
some features in common.
The table lists some features.
In each box, place a tick (3) if the feature is present or a cross (8) if the feature is absent.
(4)
Feature Plants Animals
can move from place to place 8 3

can carry out photosynthesis
are multicellular
have cells with cell walls
store carbohydrate as glycogen
(b) Organisms that cause disease are known as pathogens.

Give two groups of organisms that include pathogens.
(2)
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20. Complete the table to summarize the features of the different kingdoms.
• State whether organisms are single-celled or multicellular or can be either.
• State whether chloroplasts are present or absent.
• State whether a cell wall is present and if it is, state what it is composed of.
• State the carbohydrate molecules that are present.
• State the method of nutrition.

Kingdom Single / Chloroplasts Cell wall Carbohydrates Nutrition
multi
Present /
cellular
absent
animal
plant
fungi
protoctists
Page 30 of 117
21. Bacteria, viruses and fungi are pathogenic organisms
(a) Define a pathogenic organism (1)
...................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................
(b) State two economic importance of bacteria (2)
...................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................
(c) Give 2 reasons why viruses are not regarded as living organisms (2)
...................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................
Page 31 of 117
(d) Give two differences between between bacteria and viruses (2)
Bacteria Viruses
Page 32 of 117
22. The diagram shows the general structure of a bacterial cell.
(a) Label the diagram of the bacterial cell above.
Page 33 of 117
(b) Bacteria are called prokaryotic cells. Animals, plants, fungi and protoctists are
made of cells called eukaryotic cells. Place each of the cell structures listed below
into the correct columns of the table.
Some terms will be included in both columns.
nucleus nucleoid cellulose cell wall chitin cell wall peptidoglycan cell wall
flagellum slime capsule chloroplast mitochondria ribosome

cytoplasm cell membrane
Prokaryotic Eukaryotic
Page 34 of 117
25. Give any four differences between bacteria cell and animal cell (4marks)
Bacteria cell Animal cell
Page 38 of 117
(c) Fill in the following spaces with one of the following words
Cell wall cellulose chitin polysaccharides proteins
An animal cell has no ……………………………………………….. Plant cell has cell wall made
of………………………………………………… ,that of fungi is made of ……………………………… and that
of bacteria is made of ……………………………….. and ………………………………… (5 marks
Page 39 of 117
11. (a) Complete the following paragraph about fungi by using the words in the box.
saprotrophic enzymes moulds photosynthesise nitrogen
glucose hyphae yeast amino acids mycelium chitin
Fungi are a very diverse group of organisms. Multicellular fungi include ,
mushrooms and toadstools. There are also single-celled fungi, such as . Fungi do
not possess chloroplasts so cannot . Multicellular fungi, such as moulds,
produce many fine threads called , which are coated in a cell wall made of
. The whole network of hyphae is called a
. Many fungi live on dead material and are very important in ecological cycles
such as the carbon and cycles. They release onto their food which
digest it into soluble substances such as and which they then
absorb. This method of nutrition is called nutrition.
(b) Label the diagram of the yeast cell.

Page 40 of 117
12. (a) Define the term pathogen?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) Place each of the listed pathogenic organisms into the correct group in the table and in
each case state the disease they cause. Summarise any information you find about each
disease.
Try to carry out your own research to add other examples.
• Pneumococcus
• Plasmodium
• tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)
• HIV
• influenza
Protoctists Bacteria Viruses

Organism Disease Organism Disease Organism Disease
(c) Explain why viruses are not classed as living organisms.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Page 41 of 117
13. Place the labels into the correct places on the Venn diagram to show the
similarities and differences between animals, plants and fungi.
sucrose starch glycogen multicellular single celled nervous
system chloroplasts photosynthesis saprophytes nucleus
mitochondria cellulose chloroplasts chitin
large Vacuole
Page 42 of 117
LEVELS OF ORGANISATION AND CELL STRUCTURE
1 A student uses a microscope to look at some cells from an organ found in a plant.
The diagram shows what the student observes through the microscope. One cell has
been labelled X.
cell X
(a) Name the organ that the student observes.

(1)
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(b) What is meant by the term organ?
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(1)
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(c) Draw a labelled diagram of cell X.
(3)
Page 17 of 117
2 The diagram shows a section through a rat. Some of the rat’s organs have been
labelled.
liver kidney
ureter
stomach
brain spinal cord
large
intestine
trachea
lung
pancreas anus
heart
oesophagus small bladder
intestine
(a) (i) What is meant by the term organ?

(1)
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(ii) Name the organ labelled in the diagram that is part of the circulation system.
(1)
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(iii) Name three other systems shown in the diagram.

(3)
1 . . . . . . . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . . . . . . . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 . . . . . . . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(iv) Name a system that is not shown in the diagram.

(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . ................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 18 of 117
3 (a) The table shows some of the levels of organisation within an organism.
Complete the table by inserting a tick (9) to show the level of organisation of
each example. The first one has been done for you.
(4)
Level of organisation
Example Organelle Organ System
nucleus 9
circulation
chloroplast
leaf
bulb
(b)
b) P e the following human structures in order of size from the smallest to the
largest.
liver red blood cell eye white blood cell kidney
(2)
Order Structure
smallest
largest
Page 19 of 117
4. (a) The diagram shows a human sperm, which is a specialised cell.
acrosome contains digestive enzymes

head
nucleus
middle contains mitochondria

piece
tail
Suggest the function of each of the sections of the sperm cell.

(i) head
(2)
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) middle piece

(2)
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(iii) tail
(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 20 of 117
(b) The diagram shows a motor neurone, which is another specialised human cell.
nucleus
myelin sheath
muscle fibres
direction of nerve
impulse
⎧
⎪
⎪⎪
⎨
⎪
⎪
⎪
⎩
axon shortened
axon here
dendrites
Suggest two ways in which the structure of the motor neurone is adapted for its
function.
(2)
1 . . . . . ................................... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ............................................................................................................................................. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .............................................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . . . . . ................................... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ............................................................................................................................................. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .............................................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 21 of 117
OTHER STRUCTURED QUESTIONS
19. Complete the following by writing TRUE or FALSE in the spaces below.
(a) Red blood cells are special cells for oxygen transport …………………………….
(b) Chlorophyll makes plants cells look green ……………………………
(c) Animal cells have a regular rectangular shape ……………………………..
(d) Plant cells have large and permanent cell vacuole ……………………………..
(e) Some bacteria are used in food manufacture …………………………….
(f) Bacteria use mesosome for manufacture of energy ………………………………
(g) Plants use chlorophyll to trap sun light ………………………………
(h) Yeast reproduces by budding ………………………………
(i) Starch is carbohydrate stored in animal cells ………………………………
(j) Fungi store food in form of starch ………………………………
Page 29 of 117
MULTIPLE CHOICE QNS ON LEVELS OF ORGANISATION
1. Which row matches the cell membrane and cell wall of a palisade cell to their functions?
cell membrane cell wall
A active transport active transport

B active transport support
C support active transport
D support support
2. In a plant, what is formed by a group of xylem vessels?
A a cell
B a tissue
C an organ
D an organ system
3. The diagram shows a palisade mesophyll cell.
Which structure is not found in an animal cell?
Page 44 of 117
4. What is the correct order of increasing size of the following structures, from smallest to largest?
A chromosome → liver → white blood cell
B chromosome → white blood cell → liver
C liver → chromosome → white blood cell
D white blood cell → liver → chromosome
5. The shaded area of the diagram represents structures found in both plant and animal cells.
Which cell structure is from the shaded area?
A cell membrane
B cell wall
C chloroplast
D large vacuole
Page 45 of 117
6. Which organelles are present in large numbers in cells that produce insulin?
A nuclei and mitochondria

B ribosomes and mitochondria
C rough endoplasmic reticulum and cell walls
D vesicles and nuclei
7. The actual thickness of the leaf shown in the diagram is 2000 μm, but its thickness in the diagram
is 50 mm.
What is the magnification of the diagram?
A ×0.025 B ×25 C ×100 D ×100 000
Page 46 of 117
8. Which structures are present in a bacterial cell?
cell wall nucleus
A
B
C
D
9. In which part of the cell is oxygen used to release energy from nutrient molecules?
A mitochondrion
B ribosome
C rough endoplasmic reticulum
D vesicle
10. A palisade cell and a nerve cell are observed under a light microscope.
Only the palisade cell has a
A cell membrane.
B cytoplasm.
C nucleus.
D vacuole.
Page 47 of 117
11. The diagram shows a palisade mesophyll cell from a green leaf.
In which labelled part does photosynthesis occur and where is starch stored?
photosynthesis starch is
occurs stored
A X W
B X Z
C Y X
D Y Y
12. Which row describes a root hair cell?
allows water to increases the surface loses water

pass into the plant area of the root by transpiration
A
B
C
D
Page 48 of 117
13. The diagram shows the detailed structure of a plant cell.
What is organelle X?
A chloroplast
B mitochondrion
C nucleus
D vacuole
14. Three cell structures are listed.
1 cell wall
2 cytoplasm
3 nucleus
Which structures are found in palisade cells and in liver cells?
A 1 and 2 B 1 only C 2 and 3 D 3 only
Page 49 of 117
15. The diagram shows two plant cells, P and Q.
cell P cell Q
How does cell P differ from cell Q?
A It has no cell wall.

B It has no chloroplasts.
C It has no nucleus.
D It has no vacuole.
16. The diagram shows different types of cells.
Which structure do all these cells have?
A cell membrane
B cell wall
C chloroplast
D nucleus
Page 50 of 117
17. The diagram shows a male gamete.
Which term describes the level of organisation of this gamete?
A cell
B organ
C organism
D tissue
18. Which description of xylem is correct?
A a cell used for absorption

B a tissue used for support
C an organ system used for conduction
D an organ used for transport
19. The diagram shows a student’s drawing of two guard cells.
Which label line is not correct?
A chloroplast
B cell membrane
C vacuole
D cell wall
Page 51 of 117
20. How does a liver cell differ from a palisade cell?
A A liver cell has a membrane.

B A liver cell has a vacuole.
C A liver cell has no cell wall.
D A liver cell has no cytoplasm.
21. The diagram shows structures taken from two different organisms.
P Q R S
(cells not drawn to scale)
Which structures have the main function of transport?
A P and R B P and S C Q and R D Q and S
22. At which level of organisation is a root?
A organ
B organ system
C organism
D tissue
Page 52 of 117
23. The diagram shows a liver cell.
Which features are present in this cell and also in most plant cells?
A cell membrane and cytoplasm
B cell membrane and sap vacuole
C cell wall and cytoplasm
D cell wall and sap vacuole
24. Which structure is present in a root hair cell but not in a liver cell?
A cell wall
B chloroplast
C glycogen granule
D nucleus
Page 53 of 117
25. Which description of the heart is correct?
A The heart is an organ, containing several systems, which forms part of the circulatory tissue.
B The heart is an organ, containing several tissues, which forms part of the circulatory system.
C The heart is a system, containing several organs, which forms part of the circulatory tissue.
D The heart is a system, containing several tissues, which forms part of the circulatory organ.
26. The diagram shows four cells.
1 2 3 4
Which two cells contain cellulose and a vacuole?
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4
Page 54 of 117
27. The diagram shows two guard cells from a leaf.
Which labelled part would also be found in liver cells?
28. The diagram shows part of a leaf in cross-section.
Structures X and Y are both part of the same
A cell.
B organ.
C tissue.
D vessel.
Page 55 of 117
29. The diagram shows a plant cell.
Which features show that it is a plant cell?
A It has a cell wall and a vacuole.

B It has a nucleus and cytoplasm.
C It has a nucleus but no chloroplasts.
D It has chloroplasts but no vacuole.
30. In a section through a plant, a student found a group of long, microscopic structures. The
structures lacked end walls, cytoplasm and nuclei.
Which identification and reason best matches the student’s observations?
identification reason
A root hair cells they do not contain a nucleus when mature

B root hair cells they do not contain cytoplasm to absorb water
C xylem vessels they can support the plant better without cytoplasm
D xylem vessels they need to be hollow to carry water efficiently
31. The diagram shows a specialised cell cut in half.
What does this diagram indicate about the structure of this cell?
A The cell has a cell wall.

B The cell is concave on each side.
C The cell is long and thin.
D The cell is red and carries oxygen.
Page 56 of 117
32. Which diagram shows chloroplasts in their correct position in a plant cell?
A B C D
33. Which is not an organ?
A blood
B heart
C tooth
D vein
34. The cell shown in the diagram has been magnified 3000 times. The diagram is 21 mm wide.
What is the actual diameter of the cell?
A 21 mm
21
B mm
3000
C 21 x 3000 mm
3000
D mm
21
Page 57 of 117
35. Xylem is an example of
A a cell.
B a tissue.
C an organ.
D an organ system.
36. Plant cells are often green but animal cells are not usually green.
Which structure in plant cells makes them green?
A cell wall
B chloroplast
C cytoplasm
D vacuole
Page 58 of 117
37. Which diagram shows the appearance of a plant cell several minutes after it has been placed in a
concentrated solution of sugar?
A B
C D
38. The diagram shows cells from the epidermis of a leaf.
Which parts are partially permeable?
A P and Q B Q and R C R and S D P and S
Page 59 of 117
39. The diagram shows a student’s drawing of guard cells.
Which label line is incorrect?
A cell membrane
B cytoplasm
C stoma
D cell wall
Page 60 of 117
BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES
1 A student adds oil (lipid) to water.
He then puts drops of the mixture onto a microscope slide.

The diagram shows oil droplets floating on the water, as seen using a microscope.
The student then adds different solutions to four separate samples of oil droplets floating
on the water.
Diagrams A, B and C show the possible appearance of the oil droplets after each solution
is added.
A B C
Page 68 of 117
(a) (i) The table lists the solutions added to the oil and water mixture.
Complete the table to show which diagram the mixture would look like after
each solution is added.
You may use each letter once, more than once or not at all.
(3)
Solution added Diagram

bile
bile and lipase C
boiled lipase
bile and protease
(ii) Explain why no droplets are seen after bile and lipase solution is added to the
oil and water mixture.
(4)
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 69 of 117
(b) Starch is digested in the small intestine. The small intestine contains many structures
that absorb glucose.
The diagram shows one of these structures.
(i) Name this structure.

(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) Explain how this structure is adapted to absorb glucose.

(5)
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Page 70 of 117
2 A student investigates the effect of temperature on the rate of starch digestion by
amylase. He carries out the first trial of his investigation at a room temperature
of 20qC.
He carries out the following steps in his investigation.
1 He puts one drop of iodine suspension into each of 12 wells on a spotting tile.
2 He then takes up 10 cm3 of 10% starch suspension into a syringe.
3 He adds one drop of the starch suspension from the syringe to the first well
in the spotting tile and records the colour change.
4 He rinses the outside of the syringe with water from a tap.
5 He then takes up exactly 5 cm3 of 5% amylase suspension into the same
syringe containing the 10% starch suspension.
6 He starts a stopwatch.
7 He then rocks the syringe containing the mixture gently backwards and
forwards for one minute.
8 He adds one drop of the mixture from the syringe to the next well in the
spotting tile and records the colour change.
9 He repeats this at intervals of one minute until he has added starch and
amylase mixture to all of the wells.
10 He then repeats steps 1–9 but this time he uses iodine, amylase and starch
suspension that have been stored in a water bath at 40 qC.
11 He also keeps the syringe containing the mixture in the water bath at 40 qC
between drops.
The photograph shows his results for 20 qC at the end of the experiment when all the
wells have mixture added.
first well after one minute
Page 71 of 117
(a) (i) Give one safety precaution the student should take when carrying out this
investigation.
(1)
. . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) How many minutes do the samples of mixture added to the spotting tile in
the photograph represent?
(1)
. . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b) Explain the purpose of the following steps in the student’s experiment.
(i) step 4
(1)
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(ii) step 7
(1)
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(iii) step 11
(1)
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(c) (i) Identify two variables that the student controls in his experiment.
(2)
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(ii) Name the independent variable that the student is investigating.

(1)
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Page 72 of 117
(d) Using the photograph, explain how many minutes it took for the reaction to be
completed at 20qC.
(3)
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(e) The results for the spotting tile at 40 qC would be different from the trial carried
out at 20qC.
(i) Describe how the appearance of the results will be different.
(2)
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(ii) Explain the difference in the appearance of the results.

(2)
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Page 73 of 117
3 In digestion large food molecules are broken down into small food molecules by
enzymes.
(a) Use this information to complete the table.
(5)
Enzyme involved in Small food molecule

Large food molecule
digestion produced
starch amylase
protease
lipid
(b) The small food molecules can be absorbed into the blood by villi in the small
intestine.
Give three ways in which villi are adapted to absorb small food molecules.
(3)
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Page 74 of 117
4 The photograph shows a variegated leaf. The dark (green) part of the leaf has cells that
contain chloroplasts. The white part of the leaf has cells that do not contain chloroplasts.
(a) Describe the role of chloroplasts in leaf cells.

(2)
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(b) The diagram shows a leaf cell from the green part of the leaf.
Name the parts labelled A, B and C.

(3)
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Page 75 of 117
5 (a) A student is given two samples of carbohydrates.
He tests to see if one is glucose and the other one is starch.

Describe the two chemical tests he should use to identify each carbohydrate.
(4)
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(b) Different groups of organism store carbohydrate as different molecules.

Complete the table to show an example from each group of organisms and the
molecule they use to store carbohydrate.
(4)
Molecule used to store

Group Example from the group
carbohydrate
animals cat
plants maize
fungi
Page 76 of 117
8. Complex carbohydrates are broken down in the human digestive system.
(a) Name the elements present in a carbohydrate molecule.

(1)
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(b) Starch and glucose are carbohydrates found in living organisms.
Complete the table to show some of the properties of starch and glucose.
Insert a tick (ü) if the property applies or a cross (û) if it does not.
(5)
Soluble in Found in Broken down Small Absorbed in

Carbohydrate
water animal cells by amylase molecule the stomach
starch
glucose
(c) (i) Describe how you could test for the presence of glucose in a substance.
(3)
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(ii) Give two safety precautions you would take when carrying out the test.
(2)
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Page 77 of 117
9 (a) The table contains names and descriptions of processes involved in the digestive
system.
Complete the table by filling in the missing names and descriptions.
(5)
Name of process Description of process
food enters the mouth
digestion
small food molecules move from the small intestine into the blood
small food molecules are used to build large molecules
egestion
Page 78 of 117
(b) Describe the process of digestion in the mouth.
(3)
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(c) A student carried out some food tests on two samples of food, A and B. The table
shows the results.
Colour seen after adding

Sample Reagent used in food test
the reagent
A iodine solution blue black
B Benedict’s brick red
The student concluded that both samples of food contained carbohydrates.

Do you agree with this conclusion?
Give reasons for your answer.
(2)
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EDEXCEL INTERNATIONAL

Levels of organisation and Cell structure ................Pg 16

Movement in and out of cells:..................................Pg 79

COMPILED BY Tr. SULAIMAN

1 Living organisms share some basic characteristics.

sensitivity production of new organisms

respiration respond to the surroundings

excretion taking in of food

reproduction increase in number of cells

growth release of energy in cells

nutrition removal of metabolic waste

(Total for Question = 4 marks)

movement release of energy from food

respiration increasing in size and complexity

sensitivity use of muscles in animals or slow growth in

growth producing offspring

reproduction responding to stimuli

excretion maintaining steady internal state

nutrition getting rid of waste products

control plants make food, animals eat other organisms

(Total for Question = 8 marks)

2 Bacteria, fungi and viruses have different

(Total for Question 1 = 3 marks)

(b) Some bacteria, fungi and protoctists are pathogens.

(ii) Give an example of a disease caused by a protoctist.

(Total for Question = 6 marks)

Function Letter of part

controls the movement of molecules into the cell

contains DNA that controls the cell

can be used in the production of beer

cell wall is made of chitin

can only reproduce inside living cells

(Total for Question = 4 marks)

Can carry out

they require nutrition eating food

they respire releasing energy from carbohydrate

some animals can fly

they control their internal conditions

increase of the population of foxes

(ii) Name a disease caused by a virus.

(Total for Question = 5 marks)

have a protein coat 8 8 9

all are pathogens

cell walls made of chitin

contain DNA in a nucleus

(Total for Question = 4 marks)

Amoeba Lactobacillus bean Mucor mosquito

(a) From the list above give the name of

(ii) a fungus ...............................................................................................................................

(iii) a flowering plant ...............................................................................................................................

(iv) an animal ...............................................................................................................................

(b) Viruses are not included in most classification systems.

(Total for Question = 10 marks)

(b) Name one example of a virus.

(c) Give one structural difference between a bacterium and a virus.

(Total for Question = 4 marks)

(b) Different groups have different features.

Are Cells have Cells contain Cells have

fungi all all

bacteria some all

protoctists none some

(Total for Question = 9 marks)