Section - E: Subjective Type: G V T GT V

Solutions of Success Magnet (Part-I) Mechanics 115
Section - E : Subjective Type

1. (a) Let us consider particle will strike y height below the point of projection and x distance far from point O
in time t with velocity v. As there is no acceleration along x-axis, hence x-component of velocity remains
constant and at initial point there is no vertical velocity
vi = vH = v0
vi = vV = 0
Thus,
v0 = v sinθ …(i)
vy = v0y + gt
v cosθ = gt …(ii)
From equation (i) and equation (ii) we get
v0 v cot θ
tanθ =  t= 0 …(iii)
gt g
2
v 0 cot θ
x = v0 t =
g
2 2
1 2 1 v cot 2 θ v 0 cot 2 θ
y= gt = g × 0 2 =
2 2 g 2g
In ΔAOB,
h–y
tanθ = v0
x
x tanθ = h – y
y
2
v 0 cot θ 2 A h
(v0t) tanθ = h – v sinθ B
2g θ
v v cosθ
 v cot θ  v cot θ
2 2 θ
O
v 0 ×  0  tan θ = h – 0 x
 g  2g
2 2
v0 v cot 2 θ
=h – 0
g 2g
v0
2
 2 + cot 2 θ 
 =h
g  2 
 
2gh
v 02 =
2 + cot 2 θ
1/2
 2gh 
v0 =  2 
 2 + cot θ 
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116 Mechanics Solutions of Success Magnet (Part-I)
(b) Total time to return back t′ = 2t
2v 0 cot θ
t′ =
g
2  2gh 
t′ = g  2 
cot θ
 2 + cot θ 
 2gh cot 2 θ 
t′ = 2  2
 g2

 2 + cot θ 
2h
t′ = 2
g (2 tan 2 θ + 1)
2h 1
t′ = 2
g (tan θ + sec 2 θ)
2
2h cos 2 θ
t′ = 2
g (1+ sin2 θ)
2
v 0 cot θ 2gh × cot θ
(c) x = v0t = =
g g ( 2 + cot 2 θ)
cos θ cos θ
2h 2h
sin θ = sin θ
=
cos 2 θ (2 sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ)
2+
sin 2 θ sin2 θ
2h cos θ sin θ 2h cos θ sin θ
= 2 2 2
=
(sin θ + sin θ + cos θ) 1+ sin 2 θ
 h sin 2θ 
x =  2 

 1+ sin θ 
2
v 0 cot 2 θ 2gh cot 2 θ h cot 2 θ
y= = =
2g 2g (2 + cot 2 θ) (2 + cot 2 θ)
h cos 2 θ
2 2
h cot θ sin2 θ = h cos θ
y= =
(1+ 1+ cot 2 θ) 1+ 1 1+ sin2 θ
2
sin θ
2. Unit vector in the direction of motion will be a unit vector in the direction of tangent to the path
y = x 3 – 9x 2
dy
⇒ = 3x 2 – 18x
dx
⇒ tanθ = 3x 2 – 18 x
3 x 2 – 18 x y
⇒ sinθ = tangent
2 2
1+ (3 x – 18 x ) motion
1 Path
cosθ = (x, y)
1+ (3 x – 18 x )2
2
θ
Unit vector is cos θ iˆ + sin θ ˆj x
1 3 x 2 – 18 x
⇒ â = iˆ + ˆj
1+ (3 x 2 – 18 x )2 1+ (3 x 2 – 18 x )2
3. The distance AC is moved in time t1 with uniform acceleration f and CD with constant velocity v (which will
be the maximum velocity) in time t2 and DB is travelled with constant retardation f ′ in time t3
Let the total distance AB = S
For AC ; s 1 1 s
m (
s 1– m – n ) n
s 1 A ( f, t1) C constant D (f ′, t 3) B
A = v . t1 velocity
m 2
2s
∴ = vt1 …(i)
m
s 1
For BD ; = v .t3
n 2
2s
⇒ = vt 3 …(ii)
n
s s
CD ; s – – = vt 2
m n
 1 1
∴ s 1– –  = vt 2 …(iii)
 m n
Adding (i), (ii) and (iii), we get
 1 1
s 1+ +  = v (t1 + t 2 + t 3 )
 m n
v v  1 1
⇒ = max = 1+ + 
s v average  m n 
( t1 + t 2 + t 3 )
4. (a) a = α – βx
dv
= α – βx
dt a (amax) = α
dv dx
⇒ × = α – βx
dx dt
 vdv =  (α – βx )dx x= α
β
x
v2 βx 2
= αx – +c
2 2
where c is integration constant at x = 0, c = 0
⇒ v2 = (2α – βx)x
⇒ v= ( 2α – β x) x
α
where velocity will be maximum acceleration will be zero. From the graph at x = , acceleration will be
β
zero
α α2
∴ vmax = 2α × – β× 2
β β
2α 2 α 2 α
= – =
β β β
(b) The two stations are marked by zero velocity.
2α
Put v = 0, we get x = 0, x = .
β
2α
So distance is .
β
α
(c) As shown in part A, velocity becomes maximum, when x = .
β
5. Here x is the separation between centre of hemisphere and the end of rod. Rate of change of x can be taken
as the relative velocity of end of rod and hemisphere centre i.e., (v1 + v2). We are required to find the rate of
change θ and rate of change x. Thus
x = R cosecθ
dx dθ dx R
= –R cosecθ cotθ ; = v1 + v 2 v1 v2
dt dt dt θ
x
dθ (v + v ) sin 2 θ
or =– 1 2
dt R cos θ
6. Let v be the velocity of A relative to B making an angle θ with AB and it is the velocity of A reversed velocity
of B.
∴ v cosθ = u cosα
u sin θ – v
v sinθ = u sinθ – v ∴ tanθ =
u cos α
c
Now = sin θ = sin β (given)
a u
∴ θ=β v
α v
sin β u sin α – v A θ
∴ =
cos β u cos α B
v
v cosβ = u(sinα cosβ – cosα sinβ)
v cos β
∴ u=
sin( α – β)
Pitch 1 mm
7. Least count = = = 0.01 mm
CSD 100
Zero error = –40 × 0.01 = – 0.4 mm

Reading of screw gauge = 5 mm + 26 × 0.01 = 5.26 mm
Actual reading = 5.26 mm – (–0.4 mm)
= 5.66 mm
8.
a8 + a2
a0 =
2
2T
T
a8 2T a0
8 T
a2 2
4T
4 kg a4
By constraint relation,
a0 a8 + a2
a4 = =
2 4
Also, 8g – T = 8a8
2g – T = 2a2
4T – 4g = 4a4. The answers have been rounded off
9. By constraint, ar = a4 + A …(1) a4
T T
For 4 kg block, 4 kg
T
T = 4 × a4 …(2)
N, 2A sin53 T
T
For wedge T – T cos 53° + N sin 53° = 6A …(3) ar
2A
g
A
2k
For 2 kg block (w.r.t. wedge) 2g cos53°

2A cos53°
2A cos 53° + 2 × g × sin 53° – T = 2 × ar …(4) 53° 2g sin53°
and 2A sin 53° + N = 2 × g × cos 53° …(5)

10. The FBD of 1 kg w.r.t. wedge is shown
2g sin 37° − 2a cos 37°

ar =
2
2a ar
2g sin 37°
2g cos 37°
11. Tcosα = μN
and Tsinα + N = mg N
∴ Tcosα = μ(mg – Tsinα)

T
O
μmg
or T=
cos α – μ sin α α
Substitute μ = tanλ, where λ is the angle of friction μN
mg
mg sin λ
T = cos(α – λ )
Obviously T is minimum when cos(α – λ) is maximum, that is

cos(α – λ) = 1 or α = λ
∴ Tmin = mg sinλ
μ
But μ = tanλ ∴ sinλ =
1+ μ 2
μ mg
∴ Tmin =
1+ μ 2
α = λ = tan–1(μ)
12. (i) For translational equilibrium
∑FX = 0 and ∑FY = 0
For ∑FX = 0 we have
R2 μ R2
R2sinθ = μR2cosθ + μR1 (horizontal) …(i)

R1 c P y
For ∑FY = 0 we have θ mg θ r
A x
μR1 O O
mg = R1 + R2 cosθ + μR2 sinθ (vertical) …(ii)
From equation (i) and (ii),
mg R1 + R2 (cos θ + μ sin θ)
R 2 sin θ = μ(R1 + R2 cos θ)
mg sin θ(1– μ 2 )
or R2 = …(iii)
μ
OP r
Now, OP = AP tanθ or AP = =
tan θ tan θ
Taking torque about point A, we obtain
mg cos θ
R2 AP =
2
mg 2 AP
R 2 =  cos θ …(iv)
From equation (iii) and (iv), we have
sin θ (1– μ 2 ) 2 AP
=
μ  cos θ
sin θ (1– μ 2 ) 2r
=
μ  sin θ
2r sin 2 θ(1– μ 2 )
=
 μ

(ii) x = , θ = 30°, then
2

2×
2 = sin 2 (30°) 1– μ 
2

  μ 
 
1  1– μ 2 

1=
4  μ 

4μ = 1 – μ2
μ2 + 4μ – 1 = 0
– 4 ± 16 + 4
μ=
2
– 4 ± 20
μ=
2
= 0.24 (taking positive value only)
13. Let P, Q, R & S be the centres of the spheres.

For equilibrium the centre S lies just above the S
centroid of the triangle formed by the points
R R
P, Q & R.
PS = 2r S
θ
P Q P O′
2 3 2r
PO′ = 3 × 2 ( 2r ) =
3
Q
2r
cos θ = PO ′ =
3
= 1
PS 2r 3
Now consider equilibrium of S

3R sinθ
R cosθ R
The components R cosθ balance each other.
⇒ 3 R sin θ = W θ
R cosθ
W W 3 W
⇒ R = 3 sin θ = =
3 2 6
R cosθ
mg
Now considering the equilibrium of sphere with centre R.
T
R cos θ = 2 T cos 30º
R cos θ = W × 1 = 0.136 W
T= 30°
3 18 3 R cosθ
30°
Given W = 100 N
T = 13.6 N
T
ˆ ˆ
14. Let v be the velocity of wedge and v x i + v y j is the velocity of ball after collision
vy
37°I y
v vx
I sin37° 5 m/s
x
37°
37°
I cos37º
For wedge, I sin37 = 20 × v …(1)
For ball I = (vy cos37 – vx sin37) – 5 sin37
v sin 37° – (v x sin 37 – v y cos 37 )

For collision e= =1
5 sin 37
1500
Solving, we get I= kg m/s.
67
15. By conservation of linear momentum,

nu
v
m/2 m
m m
× v = × nu + mv …(1)
2 2
1 m  2 1m  1 1
By conservation of energy,  (u ) =  ( nu ) 2 + mv 2 + kx 2 …(2)
2 2  2 2  2 2
2
m (1+ 2n – 3n )
Substituting the value of v from (i), we get x = u
k 4
16. This is a case of perfectly inelastic collision.
1  mM 
The loss of kinetic energy is  (u – 0) 2
2  m + M 
This is lost by the workdone against resistive force
1  mM  2
⇒ F×x=  u
2  M + m 
1  mM  u 2
⇒ F=  
2  M + m  x
17. The potential energy lost by the chain = gain in kinetic energy
m 2R M  πR 
Ui = g× × g – 
2 π 2  4 
 R πR 
= mg  –
πR
π 8 
/2
CM
 πR 
Uf = – mg   2R/π
 2 
Datum
Ui + 0 = Uf + mv 2
1
2 πR/2 π/R
1  R πR  πR
mv 2 = mg  – + mg
2 π 8  2
1  R πR πR 
mv 2 = mg  – +
2 π 8 2 
 8 – π 2 + 4π 2 
v = 2gR  

 8π 
gR
v= [8 + 3 π 2 ]
4π
18. We can use the principle of superposition where we consider the spherical cavity as a sphere of negative mass.
We denote the position vector of a point inside the cavity as r ′ and the position vector as measured from
the solid sphere’s centre O as r .
M0 b
R
O
R0
r r′
F = F0 − F1 …(1)
O′
O R
Where F0 is the force of the solid sphere and F1 is the force of the cavity (which is filled with negative mass)
GM (r )m
F0 = ( −rˆ ) …(2)
r2
Where M(r) is the mass upto radius r. Note that this is the only mass which can affect ‘m’ positioned at r.
The mass density is uniform.
M0
Thus ρ=
4 3
 πR0 
3 
3
4 3 M0  r 
Therefore M(r) = 3 πr 4π = M 0  
   R0 
 R03 
 3 
GM 0 m GM 0 m
F0 = − r rˆ = − r
R03 R03
GM 0 m
Now F = F0 − F1 = − (r − r ′ )
R03
 
Since R = n − r ′
GM 0 m
F = – R
R03
19. Considering the circular motion of the pendulum at B,
mv 2
T – mg cosθ =
r
Where r = length of the string. From the principle of conservation of energy,
total energy at any point B = total energy at the highest point C when (θ = θ0 )
1
mv 2 + mgr (1– cos θ) = a constant
2 θ0
θ C
= mgr(1 – cosθ0)
or mv 2 = 2 mgr(cosθ – cosθ0 )
v B
mv 2 A
or = 2mg (cos θ – cos θ0 ) mg
mg cosθ
r mg sinθ
∴ T = mg cosθ + 2mg cosθ – 2mg cosθ0
= 3mg cosθ – 2mg cosθ0
Obviously T is maximum when cosθ is maximum.
But maximum value of cosθ is 1
Hence T is maximum when cosθ = 1 or θ = 0°
  θ 0 2 
and Tm = 3mg – 2mg cosθ0 = mg 3 – 21– 
  2 

θ2 θ 4
expansion of cosθ is cosθ = 1– + +…
2! 4 !
∴ Tm = mg[3 – 2 + θ02 ] = mg(1 + θ02 )
20. The C.M of cylinder moves up when f > mg sinθ or μmg cosθ > mg sinθ or μ > tanθ
Torque about cm τ = fR
2fR 2μg cos θ
α= 2
=
mR R
Angular speed of cylinder at time t is
2μgt cos θ
ω = ω0 − αt = ω0 −
R
f − mg sin θ
acm = = μg cos θ − g sin θ
m
v = at = (μ cosθ–sinθ)gt
ω0 R
for pure rolling, v = ωR ⇒ t =
g (3μ cos θ − sin θ)
21. Torque about pivot
L
m2 g sin θ + m1g (L + r ) sin θ = Iα
2
 m2L 
 2 + m1 (L + r ) g sin θ
α=  
2 2
m2L mr
+ 1 + m1 (L + r )2
3 2
2R
22. At equilibrium position, CM lies beneath O and CD = as shown
π
CD O
then tan α =
OC
α
2R
tan α =
πR C R
2R
2 −1  2  D π
tan α = or α = tan  
π π
I
T = 2π
Mgd
2 2
mR 2  2R   2R 
− m  + m 
T = 2π
2  π   π sin α 
 2g 
mg  
 π sin α 
1
23. Kt = mv 2
2
1 2 1
KR = Iω =mv 2 ( v = rω)
2 5 R
7
K = kt + KR = mv 2
10
Kt 5 KR 2
= and =
K 7 K 7
mv 2 7
Now, N = mg + . Also, mv 2 = mg (R − r ) (By energy conservation)
R −r 10
17
N= mg
7
A
MgL sin θ
24. (a) = Iα
2
45º
2
MgL sin θ ML dω
=
2 3 dt
3g
α = (when θ = 45°) mg
2L 2
π/4 ω
3g
(b)
2L 
0
sin θ . dθ =  ωd ω
0
3g  1 
ω= 1 − 
L  2 y
25. According to the superposition principle Me x
R/2 m
F0 = F1 + F R
Where
F0 is the force exerted on m due to the solid sphere of radius R and mass M0
F1 is the force exerted on m due to the sphere of radius R/2 and negative mass M1
F is the force exerted on m due to the solid sphere of radius R in which the cavity of radius R/2 was
made.
Thus
F = F0 – F1
−GM 0 m
F0 =
L2
−GM1m
F1 = 2
 R
L − 
 2
3
4π  R  M
M1 =   ρ= 0
3 2 8
−GM 0 m
F1 = 2
 R
8 L − 
 2
 
 
− GM 0 m  1 
F = 2 1 − 2 
L   R  
 81 − 2L  
   
1 2 1
26. Initial energy E1 = mv 0 + Iω2 + mgR
2 2 N
3 2
E1 = mv 0 + mgR α
4
mg
1 1
E 2 = mv 2 + Iω′2 + mgR cos α
2 2
3 2
E 2 = mv + mgR cos α
4
From energy conservation,
4
mv 2 = mv 0 2 + mgR (1 − cos α )
3
When the cylinder is at edge

mv 2
mg cos α − =N
R
N ≥ 0 for no jump
7Rg cos α 4 7 3 4
∴ v0 ≤ − gR ⇒ V0 ≤  − gR
3 3  6 3 

27. By conservation of angular momentum,

v1 r1 = v2 r2 …(1) v1
By conservation of mechanical energy v2 Sun
GMm 1 2 GMm 1 2
r2 r1
– + mv 1 = – + mv 2 …(2)
r1 2 r2 2 2a
2GM r2
⇒ v1 =
(r1 + r2 ) r1
GMm 1 2
Total energy is TE = – + mv1
r1 2
GMm GMm r2
= – +
r1 (r1 + r2 ) r1
GMm GMm
= – =–
(r1 + r2 ) 2a
28. In equilibrium
Mg + 2πrT1 = ρg(V + Ah1 ) …(i)
T1 is surface tension of water
ρ is density of liquid
V is volume of the non-cylindrical tube
A is area of aerometer tube
h1 is the length of cylindrical tube is liquid

Since several drops of alcohol will not the change the density
Mg + 2πrT2 = ρg(V + Ah2 ) …(ii)
(T2 is surface tension of alcohol)
from (i) & (ii)
2πr(T1 – T2) = ρgA(h1 – h2 )
2πr (T1 – T2 )
Δh = h1 – h2 =
ρgπr 2
2(0.073 – 0.02)
= = 2.35 ×10 – 3 m
10 3 ×10( 4.5 ×10 – 3 )
1
29. Weight of mercury displaced when one-third of the volume is submerged = Vρ m
3
(where ρm is density of mercury)
1 ρ
Then Vρg = Vρ m  ρ = m
3 3
Let x be the fraction of the volume of the cube submerged in mercury

Vρg = xVρm g + (1 – x)Vρw g
ρ = xρm + (1 – x)ρw
1
ρ m = xρ m + (1– x )ρw
3
1 ρ  ρm 
 – x  m = 1– x  = 13.6 
 3  ρw ρ
 w 
1 
 – x  ×13.6 = 1– x
3 
∴ x = 0.25
30. Consider an elementary strip of thickness dr at a distance r from point O (centre)
dm = mass of elementary strip
M dr
= × 2πr 2 dr
2 3 r
πR
3 O
3M
= r 2dr
R3
Gdm
Let the potential at O due to this strip dr is dV =
r
G3M 2 3GM
= r dr = rdr
R3 × r R3
R
3GMm
Thus the potential energy =
R3  rdr
0
R
3GMm  r 2 
=  
R 3  2  0
3 GMm
=
2 R
and the potential energy at infinity is zero.

From the work-energy theorem
Ef – Ei = W
3 GMm
0– =W
2 R
3 GMm
W = −
2 R
K
31. ω = 10 =
M
⇒ K = 100 N/m
Now for collision –60 + 30 = – v1 – v2 conservation of momentum.
Coefficient of Restitution equation gives
−V1 + V2
1= , v = –60 cm/s
− 90
∴ Vmax = Aω ⇒ New amplitude = A cm
⇒ A′ = 6 cm
∴ Equation of SHM is
x = 10 + 6sin(10t + π)
32. Total energy of SHM is constant
E = kT + kR + U M k
R
1 1 1
E= mv 2 + Iω2 + kx 2
2 2 2
1 1 v2 1
E= mv 2 + I 2 + kx 2
2 2 R 2
dE dv Iv dv dx
= 0 ⇒ 0 = vm + + kx
dt dt R 2 dt dt
 I 
 m + 2 a = −kx
 R 
−k
a= x
I
m+
R2
I
k m+
ω= ⇒ T = 2π R2
I k
m+
R2
7m 3m
Tsphere = Tcylinder =
5k 2k
2m
TRing =
k
7 3 2
Ratio is : :
5 2 1
33. Let the centre be displaced by a distance x A k2
Total energy in displaced position is k1 C
1 1 1 1
E= k1x 2 + K 2 4 x 2 + mv 2 + Iω2
2 2 2 2
dE 7
= 0 ∴ 0 = k1xv + 4k2xv + mv 2a
dt 10
7m
a = −( k1 + 4k 2 ) x
5
5
a = −(k1 + 4k 2 ) x
7m
5(k1 + 4k 2 ) 5 × 90
ω= =
7m 7×2
15
ω= rad/s
7
2π 7
T = s
15
34. At equilibrim
MBgR sinθ = MAgR
1
sin θ =
2
θ
π mAg
θ=
6
Now for small displacement mBg
 MR 2 
 2 2 
MAgR – MBgR sin(θ + dθ) =  2 + M A R + M B R ) α
 
Putting values and cos dθ = 1 and sin dθ = dθ
α = −2 3 d θ
1
ω = (12) 4 s −1
35. Displacement of wave w.r.t. moving frame is
x ′ = x + vt
So equation of wave in moving frame is
y = A sin (ωt – k(x′–vt)
∴ y = A sin[( ω + kv ) t – kx ′]
Speed of wave in moving frame is
ω
v′ = v +
k
36. v = f λ
γRT f 2λ2M
f λ = =γ=
M RT
λ
= 9.57 × 10–2, f = 1000,
2
R = 8.31 J/mol/K
T = 400 K
Putting the value, we get atomicity 1.4
37. Let the waves emitted by the source after to seconds from the start reach the observer at t = 9s.
At this instant to, source moves with vs = 3t1
When the receiver receives the waves, the velocity is VR = dt = 18 m/s
Now,
1 1
330(a – t1) = × 3t12 + ( 2 × 9 ) 2 start
3 2 1 2 1 2
× 3t1 ×2×9
⇒ t1 = 8.435 3 2
 V − VR 
∴ f ′ = f  

 V + VS 
 330 − 18 
f ′ = 1000  = 878.156 Hz
 330 + 25 − 29 
38. Effective length = l + 0.6r = [16 + 0.3 × 5] = 12.5 cm
v
f = ⇒ v = f × 4L′
4L
 17.5 
v = 480 × 4  = 336 m/s
 100 
39. F.B.D. for Block
F N F
α
h
x
mg
A f

F = mg sinα + f
F = mg sinα + μN [N = mg cosα]
F = mg sinα + μmg cosα
F = mg sinα + tanα mg cosα [as μ = tanα]
F = mg sinα + mg sinα
F = 2mg sinα
dw = F ⋅ d r
W=  dw =  F . dr
dr
F . d r = 2mg sinα . dr dy
h h α
W = 2mg  sin α dr
0

= 2mg dy dr sinα = dy dx
0
W = 2mgh
40. Let us assume that friction on 4 kg block is sufficient to resist relative slipping.
μ = 0.3
N N F
4 kg
A B f
3 kg 5 kg 4 kg F 3 kg
F f
N1 10 N N2 F = 15 N
Smooth μ = 0.2
40 N 30 N 50 N
Maximum friction possible between 4 kg and 3 kg blocks
f1 = 0.3 × 40 = 12 N
Maximum possible friction between horizontal surface and 5 kg block
f2 = 0.5 × 50 = 10 N
For causing relative slipping for 5 kg block friction required on 3 kg block will be
f = 10 N < f1 (12 N)
Hence, friction between 4 kg and 3 kg block is not sufficient to prevent relative slipping.
Consider equilibrium of 4 kg block
F = f = 10 N
Hence relative slipping will occur between 3 kg and 4 kg blocks and actual acceleration will be given as
For 3 kg and 5 kg blocks
12 – 10 = 8a
⇒ a = 0.25 m/s2
and for 4 kg block
15 – 12 = 4a ′
3
⇒ a′ = m/s 2
4
41. When the developed frictional force (fr ), between both the blocks is ≤ (f s )max both the blocks will move with
the same acceleration.
F.B.D. for 2kg block F.B.D. for 4kg block
N1 N2
2 kg N1
0.5 t
4 kg 0.5 t
fr fr
2g = 20 4g = 40
(fs ) max = μN1
= 0.1 × 20 = 2N
Thus for 2 kg block
0.5t – 2 = 2a ... (i)
For 4 kg block
fr = 4a ... (ii)
2 = 4a
1
 a = m/s 2
2
1
Hence 0.5t – 2 = 2 ×
2
0.5t = 3
t=6s
When t ≤ 6 both the blocks will move simultaneously. Therefore they are considered as a single system of
mass 6 kg. Hence
0.5t 0.5t = 6a
6 kg t
a = 12 m/s
a
For t > 6 the block will separately move i.e. their accelerations will be different and as the time increase the
applied force will increase but friction remains constant and the velocity of 2 kg block increases where as
the acceleration of 4 kg block remains constant
For 2 kg block
⇒ 0.5t – 2 = 2a
 0.5t 
a = – 1
 2  1.5
The area of acceleration versus time graph will represent the change in velocity 0.5
1 1
= × 6 × 0.5 + × 4 × (1.5 + 0.5)
2 2
0 6 10 t
= 1.5 + 4 = 5.5 m/s (s)
The velocity of 2 kg block at t = 10 s will be 5.5 m/s.
42. For net force to be zero
2 kg
kx = 20
x = 0.2 m
2v 2 2v 2 1 2
0 + 0 + 20 × 0.2 = + + kx
2 2 2 2 kg
v = 1 m/s P.E = 0
x
P.E = 0
Now the block lying on the horizontal surface will move will same velocity.
1 1
20 × x + × 2 × (1)2 = × 100 × x 2
2 2
50x2 – 20x – 1 = 0
20 ± 400 + 200
x =
100
20 ± 600 20 ± 10 6
x = =
100 100
x = 0.2 ± 0.1 6
∴ as x > 0
 x = 0.2 + 0.1 6 = 0.45
x = 0.45 m
So, maximum campression is 0.45 m.
F = 20t
43.
20t = 2T
T = 10t
T T
2 kg block will be lifted when

20 = 10t or t = 2 s
3 kg block will be lifted when
T = 30 N = 10t or t = 3 s
For 2 ≤ t ≤ 3
equation of motion for 2 kg block
2dv
10t − 20 =
dt
v t t
 5t 2 

0

dv = (5t − 10)dt = 
2  2
− 10t 
 2
 5t 2 
⇒ v =  − 10t  − (10 − 20)

 2 
5t 2
− 10t + 10
2
V(3) = 2.5 m/s
but
y 3
 5t 2 

0
dy = 
 2
2
− 10t + 10  dt


5
or y= m
6
(2 × 2.5 + 3 × 0)
Vc· m (at t = 3 s) = = 1 m/s
5
 5 
 2 × + 3 × 0
 6 =1m
y0 (at t = 3 s) =
5 3
Now considering the common system as a single system equation of motion for the complete system
v t
5dv
20t − 50 =
dt 
1

 dv = ( 4t − 10 )dt
3
or (v – 1) = 2t 2 + 12 – 10t
or v = 2t 2 – 10t + 13
or v(5) = 13 m/s
dy
but v =
dt
y 5
Y
 
dy = (2t 2 − 10t + 13)dt  y (5) = 11.67 m
1/ 3 3 m 2m
44. Initial position of COM
X
L0
mx0 + 2mL0 2L0 x=0
x0 = =
3m 3
F
(a x )cm =
3m
(v x )cm = 0
xcm at t = t0 is
2L0 1 F 2 mL0 + 2mx2

x= + t0 =
3 2 3m 3m
Ft02
L0 + 2 x2 = 2L0 +
2m
1  Ft 2 
⇒ x2 = L0 + 0 
2  2m 
45. There will be two contacts with the block one is with the floor and other is with the wall of the cylinder.
Therefore two normal contacts forces act on the block
Ny
ω
R Nx
R N
Y
fr X
mg
Z
μN
Top view
Nx provide necessary centripetal force and Ny balance its weight. Block will rotate about the axis of cylin-
der. Due to friction with the wall the velocity of block decrease gradually and hence angular velocity reduces.
mv 2
 Fx = N x = ... (i)
R
 Fy = N y = mg ... (ii)
 Fz = fr = μN x = – ma ... (iii)
– μmv 2 mdv ds
from equation (iii) = ×
R ds dt
– μv 2 dv
 = v
R ds
– μv dv
 =
R ds
V S
dv μ

V0
v
= –
R
ds 
0
v  μs
ln   = –

 v0  R
– μs
or v = v 0 e R
Power is due to friction only, given by
 mv 2 
P = – fr ⋅ v = – μ  v = – μm v 3
 R  R
 
μm 3 –3μs R
 P = – v0 e
R
1 2 1W 2
46. (a) (K.E.)1 = 0 and (K.E.)2 = mv 2 = v
2 2 g 2
Work done by gravity W1 → 2 = (2 × 40 m)
K.E.1 + U1 → 2 = (K.E.)2
1W 2
0 + 40 W = v
2 g 2
v22 = 4 × 40 × g = 800 W man

v2 = 28.28 m/s =
–W + N = man
N
W v 22
–W + N = ×
g ρ
W v2
N= +W
g ρ
v2 
= W + 1
 ρg 
 
 80 g 
= W  + 1
 ρg 
= W(4 + 1) = 5 W
N = 5 × 2000 = 10,000 N
1W 2
(b) 0 + W × 25 m = v
2 g 3
v32 = 50 g = 50 × 10 = 500
v3 = 22.36 m/s
∑Fn = man W
W v 32 =
W =
g ρ
man
N=0
W 50 g
W = ×
g ρ
ρ = 50 m
47. (a) ax = 0
T
T – W = m ay acord
T −W
ay =
m ay
A G ax
α
180 − 147.9
ay = = 2.19 m/s 2
15 W
1 2
(b) − Tr = Iα  −Tr =  mr α
 2 
2T 2 × 180
α=− =− = −48.0 rad/sec 2
mr 15 × 0.5
 α = 48 .0 rad/sec 2 (clockwise)
(c) a cord = (a A ) T = a + (a A, G )t
= [2.19 m/s2] + [(0.5)(48 rad/sec2)]
a cord = 26.2 m/s 2
48. On applying work energy theorem,

N
1 1
Mgh = MV 2 + I cm ω2
2 2 M
f
MV MV2 2 Mg sinθ T
= + Mg cosθ
2 4
Mg
3MV 2 s h
Mgh = θ
4
4gh
V = ...(i)
3
From the above we cannot obtain the condition whether the body would slid or roll on the incline.
N = Mg cosθ ...(ii)
Mg sinθ – f = Ma ...(iii)
The frictional force f causes the cylinder to roll by developing a torque at the centre of mass of the cylinder.
Thus the torque condition gives.
a
fR = I cm α = I cm
R
a Ma
f = I cm = ...(iv)
R2 2
Substituting the value of f in equation (iii),
Ma
Mg sin θ − = Ma
2
3
Mg sin θ − Ma
2
2
a= g sin θ ...(v)
3
This value is less than that of the sliding cylinder (which would be g sinθ). The velocity at the bottom is now
obtained as
 2g sin θ  h  4gh
v 2 = 2as = 2  =
 3  sin θ  3
4gh
or v=
3
From equation (ii) and equation (iv),
 Ma 
 
f 2 
= 
N (Mg cos θ)
g 
 sin θ 
3
=  = tan θ
g cos θ
1
Cylinder will slip instead of rolling if tan θ ≥ μ
3
−1
f  1 + Mr 2 
Thus in general, this relation becomes = tan θ  ≥μ
N  I 
 cm 
49. Mv0 = Fdt ...(i)
Iω0 = h × p = hMv0 ...(ii)
2 
or  MR 2 ω0 = hv 0 M ...(iii)
5 
 5  hv 
ω0 =   20  ...(iv)
 2  R 
v = v0 – ft ...(v)
 MfR 
ω = ω0 +  t ...(vi)
 I 
9v 0
v = Rω = ...(vii)
7
 5  (v − v )
or ω = ω0 +   0 ...(viii)
2 R
Substituting the values ω and ω0 from equation (vi) and equation (iv) and equation (vii) in equation (viii) we
4R
obtained that h = .
5
50. Using energy conservation,

EA = EB, we get
mv 2 1 2
mgnR = + Iω + mgR
2 2
v
As these is no slipping ω = using the value I = 2 mR 2 .
R 5
We obtained,
mv 2 mv 2 7
mgnR = + + mgR = mv 2 + mgR
2 5 10
1
 10gR (n − 1)  2
or v= 
 7 
mμgR μg
51. (a) a = μg , α = =2
 mR 
2 R
 
 2 
 
 2μgt  Rω0
The final velocity v = Rω. Also v = at = μgt = R  ω0 −  or 3μgt = Rω0 i.e., t =
 R  3μg
(b) The acceleration of the wheel = μg.
μ g
52. (a) dv = 2bt . Therefore f = 2mbt = μsmg which yields t = s . This is the time for slipping
dt (2b )
Fh
(b) We have R = mg. The torque equation is = Rx = mgx .
2
But F = 2mbt
The time required for tipping is obtained when x = r (radius of cylinder). R
h
Thus m( 2bt )  = mgr
2
 gr  x
t = . h
 bh  mg
3 sin θ
53. mgr sin θ =  mr 2 α or α = 2g r F
2
  (3 r )
Also (R + r)dθ = rdβ
 
 =  R + r  θ
Therefore α = β ...(i)
 r  
2g sin θ R + r  β
= θ f
3r r p
Multipying equation (i) by θ and integrating, we obtain N
mg
θ
2g sin θ (1 − cos θ)
θ2 = 2  [3(R + r )] dθ = 4g [3(R + r )]
0
Also mgcosθ – N = m(r + R) θ 2
This gives N = mg (7 cos θ − 4)

3
54. (a) We have 2 T = mg, Iα = R2T
mR 2 RT 2g
ICM = . Then α = =
2 I R
Let the final angular velocity be ω. The work done is equal to the change in the kinetic energy i.e.,
ICM ω2 mR 2 ω2
W = =
2 4
(b) Also, as ω0 = 0, we have ω2 = ω02 + 2αθ, which gives
4gθ ω2 R
ω2 = 2αθ = or θ =
R 4g
θ ω2R
Now the number of windings of the string is n = =
2π (8πg )
ω2 R 2
Thus the length of the string unwound is l = n( 2πR ) =
4g
55. On applying the conservation of mechanical energy,
1 1
0+ mgL = mgL(1 − cos θ) + mv 2
2 2
mv 2
 T − mg cos θ = maR = aR
L
T v
v 0 = gL
aT
mgsinθ
Since T = mg mgcosθ
2 mg
 mgL(1 − cos θ) = mv
P.E.=0
1 mv 2
mgL = mv 2 +
2 2
gL mg
v = and mg (1 − cos θ) =
3 3
2 VL g
cos θ = aR = =
3 L 3
mgsinθ = maT
5
sin θ =
3
5g
 aT =
3
anet = aT2 + aR2
Fnet = manet
1
 g 2 5g 2  2
= m + 
 9 9 

2g 2 2
=m = mg
3 3
56. The angular momentum of the cylinder about the origin will not change at any time. Since net torque about 0
is zero. ∴ Initial angular momentum
mR 2 mR 2
L0 = ω0 + 0 = ω0
2 2
= Angular momentum when rolling without slipping occurs.
  2h  
57. Error in weighing is mΔg = m g 1 –  – g
  R  
2mgh 2mh GM 8  4 3 
The magnitude of error is = × 2 = πρmhG m = 3 π R ρ
R R R 3  
λ λ 4L
58. (a) + =L λ=
4 2 3
Y
2π 3 π Pressure node
k= = Pressure
λ 2L anti node A X
N N
P = Pmsin(kx + δ1) cos (ωt + δ2)
L
 3π  X=0
P = Pm sin x + δ1  cos( 2πνt + δ 2 )
 2L 
P = 0 at X = L for all time t (pressure node)
 3π 
 O = Pm sin + δ1  cos( 2πνt + δ 2 )
 2 
y
 3π 
 sin + δ1  = 0
 2 
3π x
 + δ1 = 2π
2
π L
δ1 =
2
x=0
 3πx 
P = Pm cos  cos( 2πv + δ 2 )
 2L 
Pm
At t = 0, x = 0, P = (pressure antinode)
2
Pm
 = Pm cos 0º cos δ 2
2
1
cos δ 2 =
2
π
δ2 =
3
 3π   π
 P = Pm cos x  cos 2πνt + 
 2L   3
L
(b) At x =
2
 3π 1 
Pressure amplitude = Pm cos . 
 2L 2 
Pm
=−
2
Pm
Hence amplitude =
2
dv d(i) v
59. (a) a =
dt v0
v t
dv dv
− kv =
dt
 
v0
v
= −k dt 
0
O
 v  v t
ln   = −kt  = e − kt
 v0  v0
v = v 0e −kt
dx
(b) v =
dt
dx d(ii)
v 0 e – kt = x
dt v0
x t k

0

dx = v 0 e – kt dt
0
O
x=–
k
e [ ]
v 0 – kt t
0
t
v 0 – kt
x=– (e – 1)
k
v0
x= (1 – e – kt )
k
d(iii) v
dv
(c) – kv = v v0
dx
v x
 dv = – k  dx
v0 0
O v0 x
v – v0 = –kx k
v = v0 – kx
60. N – W = 0
Fk = μkN = μkmg
–μkmg = ma
W
a = –μkg
f
N
Fr = Iα
2
(μ k mg )r = mr 2 α
5
5 μk g
α=
2 r
v = v0 + at = v0 – μkgt …(1)
 5 μk g 
ω = ω0 + αt = 0 +  t …(2)
2 r 
The sphere will start rolling without sliding when the velocity vc of the point of contact c is zero. At that time
t = t1, point c becomes instantaneous centre of rotation and we have
v1 = rω1 …(3)
Substituting in eqn. (3) the values of v1 and ω1 by making t = t1 in eqn. (1) and (2) respectively we write
 5 μk g 
v 0 – μ k gt1 = r  t1 
2 r 
2 v0
⇒ t1 = 7 μ g
k ω1
v1
Substituting t1 into (2) we have G
C
5 μk g
ω1 = t
2 r 1
5 μk g  2 v 0 
=  
2 r  7 μk g 
5 v0
ω1 = =5
7 r
 5 v0  5
v 1 = rω1 =   = v0
7 r  7
61.
A
GmBvB
G
msvs
B
Moments about A :
msvs(1.2) = msv′s(1.2) + IAω …(1)
Since the rod rotates about A, we have v ′R = rω′ = (0.6) ω′. Also
1 1
I= mL2 = × (8 kg) × (1.2 m)2 = 3.84 kg·m2
3 3
Substituting these values and the given data in eqn.(1), we have
(2 kg) (5 m/s) (1.2 m) = (2 kg) v′s (1.2 m) + 3.84ω
12 = 2.4 v′s + 3.84 ω′ …(2)
Relative velocities
v′B – v′S = e(vS – vB)
Substituting vS = 5 m/s, vB = 0 and e = 0.80 we obtain
v′B – v′S = 0.80 (5 = 4) …(3)
Again noting that the rod rotates about A, we write
v′B = (1.2) ω ....(4)
Solving eqn. (2) to (4) simultaneously we obtain
ω′ = 3.21 rad/s, v′S = –0.143 m/s
T1 T2
62.
r
Iα
W
mg.r – T2 (2r) = mar + Iα …(1)
T2 = T0 + kS
1
When the cylinder is in its position of equilibrium, the tension in the cord is T0 = W
2
1 1
or T2 = W + Ks = W + K (2r θ) …(2)
2 2
1  1 2
Thus mg –  mg + 2kr θ  (2r ) = m(r θ)r + mr θ
2  2
d 2θ 8 k
2
+ θ=0
dt 3m
Motion should be S.H.M. and we have
8 k
ω2 =
3m
8k
ω=
3m
2π 3m
T =  T = 2π
ω 8 k
ω 1 8k
f = f =
2π 2π 3m
  

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Solutions of Success Magnet (Part-I) Mechanics 115

Section - E : Subjective Type

(b) Total time to return back t′ = 2t

Zero error = –40 × 0.01 = – 0.4 mm

For 2 kg block (w.r.t. wedge) 2g cos53°

and 2A sin 53° + N = 2 × g × cos 53° …(5)

2g sin 37° − 2a cos 37°

∴ Tcosα = μ(mg – Tsinα)

Obviously T is minimum when cos(α – λ) is maximum, that is

R2sinθ = μR2cosθ + μR1 (horizontal) …(i)

From equation (i) and (ii),

Taking torque about point A, we obtain

From equation (iii) and (iv), we have

= 0.24 (taking positive value only)

13. Let P, Q, R & S be the centres of the spheres.

Now consider equilibrium of S

For wedge, I sin37 = 20 × v …(1)

For ball I = (vy cos37 – vx sin37) – 5 sin37

v sin 37° – (v x sin 37 – v y cos 37 )

15. By conservation of linear momentum,

This is lost by the workdone against resistive force

19. Considering the circular motion of the pendulum at B,

When the cylinder is at edge

27. By conservation of angular momentum,

h1 is the length of cylindrical tube is liquid

(where ρm is density of mercury)

Let x be the fraction of the volume of the cube submerged in mercury

and the potential energy at infinity is zero.

2 kg block will be lifted when

3 kg block will be lifted when

2L0 1 F 2 mL0 + 2mx2

Power is due to friction only, given by

Work done by gravity W1 → 2 = (2 × 40 m)

v22 = 4 × 40 × g = 800 W man

= [2.19 m/s2] + [(0.5)(48 rad/sec2)]

a cord = 26.2 m/s 2

48. On applying work energy theorem,

Iω0 = h × p = hMv0 ...(ii)

50. Using energy conservation,

Also (R + r)dθ = rdβ

Also mgcosθ – N = m(r + R) θ 2

This gives N = mg (7 cos θ − 4)

55. On applying the conservation of mechanical energy,

anet = aT2 + aR2

= Angular momentum when rolling without slipping occurs.

P = 0 at X = L for all time t (pressure node)

msvs(1.2) = msv′s(1.2) + IAω …(1)

Substituting these values and the given data in eqn.(1), we have

(2 kg) (5 m/s) (1.2 m) = (2 kg) v′s (1.2 m) + 3.84ω

12 = 2.4 v′s + 3.84 ω′ …(2)

v′B – v′S = e(vS – vB)

Substituting vS = 5 m/s, vB = 0 and e = 0.80 we obtain

v′B – v′S = 0.80 (5 = 4) …(3)

Again noting that the rod rotates about A, we write

v′B = (1.2) ω ....(4)

Solving eqn. (2) to (4) simultaneously we obtain

ω′ = 3.21 rad/s, v′S = –0.143 m/s

Motion should be S.H.M. and we have

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