Test Bank for Comprehensive Perinatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care 4th Edition by Whitaker

Test Bank for Comprehensive Perinatal and Pediatric

Respiratory Care 4th Edition by Whitaker

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Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. An infant is being evaluated for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The infant shows a proliferation of extraretinal
fibrovascular tissue seen posterior to the ridge, but no detachment of the retina.
a. Stage 3
b. Stage 1
c. Stage 2
d. Stage 5

2. By what age do infants who survive pulmonary dysmaturity (Wilson-Mikity Syndrome) clear the disease?
a. 2 years
b. 6 months
c. 18 months
d. 6 years

3. Which of the following is a cause of central nervous system apnea in a premature infant?
a. meningitis
b. anemia
c. hypoglycemia
d. pneumonia

4. Which of the following is a historical factor that can lead to intraventricular hemorrhage?
a. birth asphyxia
b. hypernatremia
c. acidosis
d. shock

5. Asphyxia in the fetus or neonate is a combination of

a. hypoxia, hypercarbia, and acidosis
b. hyperoxia, hypercarbia, and alkalosis
c. hypoxia, hypocarbia, and acidosis
d. hypoxia, hypocarbia, and alkalosis

6. What pH level should be maintained in an infant being treated for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?
a. greater than 7.25
b. 7.0 to 7.25
c. greater than 7.15
d. 6 to 7.0

7. Patients with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate (PPHN) should

a. be handled minimally
b. be handled excessively
c. be handled aggressively
d. never be handled

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8. A newborn being treated for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) begins to experience profuse bleeding throughout the
body. Which disease is most likely to be the cause?
a. disseminated intravascular coagulation
b. infection
c. patent ductus arteriosus
d. intracranial hemorrhage

9. Neonatal patients with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate (PPHN) should have their blood monitored by
checking the
a. hematocrit
b. hemoglobin
c. platelets
d. glucose

10. Treatment of transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) includes

a. warmed, humidified oxygen
b. cooled, humidified oxygen
c. warmed, dehumidified room air
d. cooled, dehumidified room air

11. A chest x-ray performed on a neonate revealed bubbly, cystic areas throughout the lung parenchyma. This observation
is indicative of which disease?
a. pulmonary interstitial emphysema
b. pneumopericardium
c. pneumomediastinum
d. pneumothorax

12. When after meconium aspiration and treatment, persistent pulmonary hypertension is present in an infant, what is the
treatment of choice?
a. inhaled nitric oxide (NO)
b. intravenous nitric oxide (NO)
c. albuterol
d. epinephrine administration

13. A quick method of diagnosing a pneumothorax is

a. transillumination
b. CT scan
c. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
d. x-ray

14. A CT scan is performed on an infant suspected of having an intraventricular hemorrhage. The scan shows bleeding in
the germinal matrix with blood extending into the ventricles but no ventricular dilation. This would be classified as Grade
a. II
b. I
c. III
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d. IV

15. A neonatal patient displays decreased cardiac output, severe bradycardia, and muffled heart sounds upon physical
examination. A chest x-ray is performed and shows the presence of air completely around the heart. What is the
appropriate treatment for this patient?
a. needle aspiration of the air in the pericardial sac
b. close observation of the patient
c. lowered ventilatory pressures
d. No effective treatment is available.

16. A neonatal patient is suffering from central apnea. Which of the following would be an appropriate drug treatment?
a. methylxanthines
b. benzodiazapine
c. epinephrine
d. nicotine

17. In retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), retinal vessels constrict and necrotize in the presence of high
a. PaO2
b. PaCO2
c. glucose
d. sodium

18. Intrauterine passage of meconium has been associated with

a. low Apgar scores
b. high Apgar scores
c. alkalosis
d. maternal hypoxia

19. A neonatal patient has a continuous air leak and is receiving continuous positive pressure ventilation. A chest tube is
placed and suction is initiated. What is the appropriate level of suction for a small leak?
a. -15 cm H2O
b. -25 cm H2O
c. -20 cm H2O
d. -10 cm H2O

20. A neonate has aspirated meconium and the respiratory therapist is performing intubation and suctioning to remove
it. What percent oxygen should the therapist blow by the infant’s face throughout the procedure?
a. 100%
b. 50%
c. 21%
d. Oxygen should not be used during this procedure.

21. The area of the premature neonatal brain that sustains the most frequent bleeding is the
a. germinal matrix
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b. choroid plexus
c. sensory cortex
d. cerebellum

22. Which of the following can increase the incidence of RDS?

1. surfactant deficiency
2. non-ossified chest bones
3. excess surfactant production
4. infants born weighing greater than 1200 g
a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 3 and 4

23. Infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are at a higher risk of developing ____ later in life.
a. myopia
b. viral infection
c. pneumonia
d. lung cancer

24. Treatment for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) can actually cause which disease?
a. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
b. infection
c. pneumonia
d. intracranial hemorrhage

25. Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and
gestational age?
a. The incidence of RDS is inversely proportional to gestational age.
b. The incidence of RDS is proportional to gestational age.
c. There is no correlation between RDS and gestational age
d. The gestational age is proportional to incidence of RDS.

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Answer Key
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