Some endocrine glands and their hormones

Endocrine gland hormones white fabric Main actions

Uterus Stimulates contractions

Hypothalamus(pr Oxytocin
oduction) Mammary Stimulates milk ejection into
Pituitary gland, glands ducts
neurohypophysis
(storage and
release) Antidiuretic Kidneys
Stimulates water reabsorption;
hormone(vasopressin (collecting
conserves water
) ducts)

Growth Stimulates growth by

General
hormone(GH) promoting protein synthesis

Mammary
Prolactin Stimulates milk production
glands

Stimulates the secretion of

Pituitary Thyroid stimulating
thyroid thyroid hormones; stimulates
(production) hormone(TSH)
thyroid enlargement.
Anterior lobe of
pituitary gland
Adrenocorticotropic Adrenal Stimulates adrenocortical
hormone(ACTH) cortex hormone secretion

Gonadotropic
hormones (follicle- Stimulates gonadal function
Gonads
stimulating, FSH; and growth
luteinizing, LH)

Thyroid Stimulates metabolism;

Thyroxine (T4) and
General essential for normal growth
triiodothyronine (T3)
and development

Calcitonin Bone Reduces blood calcium

concentration by inhibiting
 bone degradation by
osteoclasts

Increases blood calcium

Bone,
concentration by stimulating
Parathyroid kidneys,
Parathyroid hormone bone degradation; stimulates
glands gastrointestina
reabsorption of calcium by the
l tract
kidneys; activates vitamin D

Reduces blood glucose

concentration by facilitating
glucose uptake and utilization
Insulin General
by cells; stimulates
glycogenesis; stimulates fat
Islets of storage and protein synthesis
Langerhans of the
pancreas
Raises blood glucose
Liver, adipose concentration by stimulating
Glucagon
tissue glycogenolysis and
gluconeogenesis; mobilizes fat

Helps the body cope with

Muscle,
stress; increases heart rate,
myocardium,
Adrenaline and blood pressure, metabolic rate;
Adrenal medulla blood vessels,
noradrenaline diverts blood flow; mobilizes
liver, adipose
fat; raises blood sugar
tissue
concentration.

Mineralocorticoids(al Maintains sodium and

Renal tubules
dosterone) phosphate balance

Adrenal cortex
Helps the body adapt to long-
Glucocorticoids(corti term stress; raises blood
General
sol) glucose concentration;
mobilizes fat

Pineal gland Melatonin Gonads, Influences reproductive

pigment cells, processes in crustaceans and
other tissues other animals; pigmentation in
some vertebrates; may control
biorhythms in some animals;
may help control onset of
 puberty in humans

Development and maintenance

General; of female sexual
Estrogens(estradiol)
uterus characteristics, stimulates the
growth of the uterine lining.
Ovary

Stimulates the development of

Progesterone Uterus; breast
the uterine lining

Development and maintenance

General; of male sexual characteristics;
Testosterone reproductive promotes spermatogenesis;
structures produces growth in
adolescence.
Testicles

Anterior lobe
Inhibin of the Inhibits FSH release
pituitary gland