Chapter (1) General Words

Section (1.1). Family and Relatives

Family
• father; mother; parents;
• son; daughter; child; children; offspring;
• brother; sister; sibling; siblings;
• twins; twin brothers; twin sisters;
• younger brother; kid brother; older sister; elder sister;
• to bring up children; to raise children;
• grandfather; grandmother; granny; grandparents;
• grandson; granddaughter; grandchild; grandchildren;
• great-grandfather; great-grandmother; great-grandchild;
Formal words: offspring (i.e., child or children); sibling (i.e., brother or sister); spouse (i.e., husband or wife).
Adoption and Related Words
• adopted son; adopted daughter; adopted child;
• half-brother; half-sister;
• stepfather; stepmother; stepbrother; stepsister; stepchild;
• foster family; foster father; foster mother; foster parents; foster home;
• foster son; foster daughter; foster child; foster brother; foster sister;
• to adopt a child; to foster a child; orphan, orphans;
Relatives
• uncle; aunt; nephew; niece;
• cousin; first cousin; second cousin;
• close relatives; distant relatives;
• closest relatives; nearest relatives; next of kin; immediate family;
• family members; members of the family; head of the household; cash cow;
• my family; my relatives; my folks; my kin; my kinfolk (kinsfolk);
Relatives by Marriage
• in-laws; father-in-law; mother-in-law;
• son-in-law; daughter-in-law; brother-in-law; sister-in-law;
Plural: two sons-in-law; three daughters-in-law; brothers-in-law; sisters-in-law.
Possessive case: my father-in-law's house; my sister-in-law's car.
Age groups and related words
• boy, girl; male child; female child; man, woman;
• child; baby; new-born baby; infant; toddler; little boy; little girl; kid; childhood;
• teenager; teenage boy; teenage girl; adolescent;
• young boy; youngster; youth, youths; lad; young girl;
• young man; young woman; adult; grownup;
• middle-aged man; middle-aged woman; old man; old woman;
• senior members of the family; younger members of the family;
Marital status and related words
• single; married; engaged; separated; divorced; widowed;
• to marry; to get married; marriage;
• husband; wife; spouse; ex-husband; ex-wife; divorce;
• married couple; husband and wife;
• married man; unmarried man; bachelor;
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 • married woman; unmarried woman; single mother;
• widow; widower; grass widow; grass widower;
• fiancé; engagement; engagement ring;
• bride; bridegroom; bridesmaid; best man;
• wedding; wedding ring; wedding cake; newlyweds; honeymoon;
• divorce; alimony; child support; child custody;
• girlfriend; boyfriend;
Other related words
• ancestor; forefather; descendant; heir; generation;
• family tree; genealogy; family history;
• date of birth; place of birth; birthplace;
• birthday; birthday party; birthday presents;
• pregnancy; childbirth; the baby is due in June; birth;
• guardian; godfather; godmother; godson; goddaughter; godchild;
• nursery; crèche; day-care centre; nursery school; kindergarten; nanny; babysitter;
• illness, sickness, disease;
• death; funeral; burial; cemetery; graveyard; grave

Exercise (1.1)
Choose the most appropriate answer.
1. Anton is my ______. His mother is my sister.
A. brother
B. cousin
C. nephew
D. uncle
2. Mike is my ______. He is my Aunt Maria's son.
A. brother
B. cousin
C. nephew
D. uncle
3. Lena is his ______. She is his brother's daughter.
A. aunt
B. cousin
C. niece
D. sister
4. Tanya is my sister's daughter. I'm her ______.
A. aunt
B. grandmother
C. niece
D. sister
5. Tom is her father's brother. Tom is her ______.
A. cousin
B. grandfather
C. nephew
D. uncle
6. Peter and Alice got ______ today in the morning and left for their honeymoon right after the wedding.

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 A. divorced
B. engaged
C. married
D. separated
7. His ______ live in a small village near a beautiful lake.
A. granddaughter
B. grandfather
C. grandmother
D. grandparents
8. His son was the sole ______ to his large estate.
A. ancestor
B. descendant
C. heir
D. offspring
9. Maria is always busy. She has two ______, ages 9 and 7, and a full-time job.
A. infants
B. kids
C. toddlers
D. twins
10. She still lives in her ______ house.
A. father-in-law's
B. father's-in-law
C. father's-in-law's
D. fathers-in-laws

Section (1.2) Jobs and Professions

Management

• president; vice-president; director; manager;

• executive officer; CEO (chief executive officer; company executive officer);
• deputy director; managing director; financial director; marketing director;
• general manager; assistant manager; manager; production manager;
• personnel manager; marketing manager; sales manager; project manager;
• supervisor; inspector; controller;
Office workers

• office worker; office employee; office clerk;

• filing clerk; receptionist; secretary; assistant;
• typist; stenographer;
Banking and financial activities

• banker; bank officer; economist; auditor;

• accountant; bookkeeper; teller; cashier; bank clerk;
• financier; treasurer; investor; sponsor;
• stockbroker; pawnbroker; tax collector;
Sales and stores

• sales representative; sales manager;

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 • salesperson; salesman; saleswoman; salesgirl; salesclerk; cashier;
• seller; buyer; wholesale buyer; wholesaler; retailer;
• merchant; distributor; dealer; trader; advertising agent;
• grocer; greengrocer; baker; butcher; florist;
Medicine

• doctor; physician; family doctor; general practitioner;

• eye specialist; ear specialist; throat specialist; heart specialist;
• cardiologist; surgeon; paediatrician; psychiatrist; psychoanalyst;
• dentist; dietician; pharmacist; veterinarian;
• nurse; paramedic; nurse's aide;
School and college

• principal; dean; professor; teacher; instructor;

• schoolteacher; college teacher; university teacher;
• head teacher; senior teacher; tutor; mentor; counselor (BrE: counsellor);
• teacher of mathematics; mathematics teacher; math teacher (BrE: maths teacher);
• English teacher; teacher of English; history teacher; music teacher;
• student; pupil; learner;
• scientist; scholar; researcher; explorer; inventor;
• mathematician; physicist; chemist; biologist; botanist; zoologist;
• historian; archaeologist; geologist; psychologist; sociologist;
• economist; linguist; astronomer; philosopher; geographer;
IT specialists

• computer specialist; computer programmer; computer operator;

• software specialist; systems analyst; systems administrator;
• web developer; web programmer; webmaster; web designer;
Art and creative work

• artist; painter; sculptor; architect; composer; conductor;

• musician; pianist; violinist; guitarist; drummer; player;
• singer; dancer; opera singer; ballet dancer; performer;
• film director; producer; art director; cameraman; actor; actress; player;
• writer; poet; author; playwright; dramatist; scenarist; publisher;
• journalist; reporter; correspondent; photographer;
• designer; fashion designer; dress designer;
• interior designer; furniture designer; graphic designer;
Construction, repair, maintenance

• builder; construction worker; developer; contractor;

• engineer; technician; mechanic; electrical engineer; electrician;
• welder; bricklayer; mason; carpenter; plumber; painter; decorator;
• repairer; repairman; maintenance man; handyman; caretaker;
• housekeeper; cleaning lady; cleaning woman; janitor;
Pilots, drivers, crew members

• pilot; flight engineer; flight navigator; flight attendant; stewardess;

• dispatcher; mechanic; car mechanic; railroad worker; railway worker;
• driver; chauffeur; taxi driver, cabdriver; bus driver; truck driver;
• captain; skipper; navigator; sailor;
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Law and order

• judge; lawyer; attorney; legal adviser; barrister; solicitor;

• police officer; policeman; traffic officer; detective;
• guard; bodyguard; lifeguard; warden; prison guard;
Restaurants

• chef; head cook; cook;

• headwaiter; waiter; waitress;
• bartender; barman; barmaid;
• dishwasher; busboy;
Other

• firefighter, fireman; tailor; seamstress; postman, mailman;

• travel agent; travel guide; model; politician; porter;
• editor; proof-reader; printer; translator; interpreter; librarian;
• jeweller; telephone operator; coal miner;
• farmer; farm worker; fisherman; hunter; forester; gardener;
• hairdresser; hair stylist; barber; beautician; cosmetologist;
• specialist; expert; consultant; adviser; priest; clergyman;
Places of work

• office; agency; company; firm; corporation; business firm; enterprise;

• plant; factory; restaurant; department store; bank; hospital; hotel;
• school; university; library; theatre; museum; art gallery;
• transportation company; shipping company; construction company;
• publishing company; film company; insurance company;
• advertising agency; travel agency; rental agency;
Related terms

• to look for a job; to find a job; to apply for a job; to get a job;
• to offer a job; to hire; to be hired; to fire; to be fired; to be laid off;
• to lose one's job; to quit; to quit one's job; to leave; to resign; to retire;
• employment; unemployment; unemployed; jobless; job seeker;
• letter of application for a job; resume; CV; job interview;
• work agreement; contract; employer; employee; co-worker; promotion;
Describing a job

• a job in electronics; a teaching job; a position as secretary;

• an interesting job; a boring job; a good job; a difficult job; a challenging job;
• a well-paid job; a highly paid job; a low-paid job; a badly paid job;
• a full-time job; a part-time job; a permanent job; a stable job; a temporary job;
• to work full-time; to work part-time; to have a part-time job;
• to be on the staff; a staff of ten workers; a staff member; a member of staff;
• to work overtime; to work on weekdays; to work on Saturdays; a day off;
Describing workers

• worker, employee, workman, labourer;

• skilled workers; unskilled workers; qualified workers; experienced workers;
• a full-time worker; a part-time worker; a temporary worker; a freelance worker;
• seasonal workers; manual workers; blue-collar workers; white-collar workers;

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Pay, taxes, benefits

• pay; wages; salary; earnings; fee; bonus; tips; income; payday; payment;
• to be paid by the hour; to be paid by the month; to earn (to get, to make) money;
• monthly pay; weekly pay; hourly pay; yearly pay; annual pay;
• monthly salary; yearly salary; annual salary; salaried workers;
• weekly wages; hourly wage; minimum wages; low wages; high wages;
• gross pay; net pay; take-home pay; overtime pay; severance pay;
• gross earnings; net earnings; average earnings; annual earnings;
• taxes; expenses; deductions; dues; fine; penalty; compensation;
• fringe benefits; sick leave; maternity leave; holiday; vacation; pension plan;
• medical insurance; health insurance; accident insurance; life insurance;
Work – hard work; easy work; manual work; physical work; intellectual work. I have a lot of work today. He is at
work now. My work is very interesting. What work do you do?
Labour – manual labor; physical labor. Manual labor is hard and tiring.
Job – He lost his job last month. Do you like your new job? She wants to change her job.
Position – How long did you work in your previous position?
Profession – The profession of a doctor requires a lot of training. He is a lawyer by profession.
Occupation – Write your name, age and occupation on this line. What is his occupation? What is your favourite
occupation? – Reading.

Exercise (1.2)
Choose the most appropriate answer.
11. A general practitioner is a ______.
A. doctor
B. lawyer
C. philosopher
D. yoga master
12. A bank teller ______ in a bank.
A. manages advertising
B. manages the credit department
C. receives and pays out money
D. tells banking stories
13. A ______ makes and repairs wooden objects.
A. carpenter
B. mason
C. plumber
D. welder
14. A ______ marks errors in the first printed copy of the text.
A. caretaker
B. controller
C. printer
D. proof-reader
15. An ______ translates the speaker's words into another language.
A. attorney
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 B. auditor
C. inspector
D. interpreter
16. He is looking for a ______ in electrical engineering.
A. job
B. labour
C. occupation
D. work
17. What do you do in your spare time? What is your favourite ______? I like to read books about traveling.
A. job
B. labour
C. occupation
D. work
18. He is a member of staff and works from nine to five in the main office. He is a ______ worker.
A. freelance
B. full-time
C. part-time
D. temporary
19. A ______ usually has quite a few vacancies for skilled and unskilled workers.
A. art gallery
B. large construction company
C. local school
D. small travel agency
20. A ______ is usually paid by the month.
A. bonus
B. income
C. salary
D. wages

Section (1.3): Appearance and Character

Note: Words and phrases on one and the same line are NOT synonyms.
Appearance

• attractive, good-looking, beautiful, handsome, lovely, pretty, cute, nice;

• a pretty girl; a beautiful woman; a handsome man; a good-looking man (woman, girl, boy);
• plain, unattractive, ugly; an ugly fellow; a plain face;
• a pretty (beautiful, ugly, intelligent, round, oval) face; regular features; delicate features;
• well-dressed; nicely dressed; casually dressed; poorly dressed; elegant; fashionable;
• neat, clean, tidy; untidy, dirty, filthy; a neat person; neat clothes.
Height

• tall, very tall, quite tall; six feet tall; not very tall; short;
• he is tall; he is taller than his mother; she isn't tall; she isn't as tall as he is;
• average height; medium height; middle height;
• he is average height; she is of medium height; she is of middle height.
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Weight and Build

• thin, quite thin, slim, slender; skinny, underweight; a thin girl; she is thin; she is slim;
• plump, chubby, stout, overweight, obese, fat; a stout woman; he is overweight;
• medium-build; heavily built; thickset; broad-shouldered; he is medium-build;
• a slender young girl; a slim figure; a delicate figure; delicate constitution;
• strong, muscular, athletic; weak, feeble.
Hair

• dark, black, brown, chestnut, red, auburn; blond, light, fair; white, grey;
• a brunette, a brunet; a redhead; a blonde, a blond; a dark-haired man; corn-coloured hair;
• long, short; medium-length; shoulder-length; she has long dark-blond hair;
• straight, curly, wavy; thick, thinning, bald; she has curly hair; he is bald;
• shiny, smooth, neatly combed hair; soft, silken hair; lank hair; dull hair; oily hair; greasy hair;
• tousled hair; dishevelled hair; plaits, ponytail; beard, moustache.

Eyes

• blue, grey, green, brown, dark; she has blue eyes;

• light-blue; dark-grey; greyish-blue; her eyes are dark brown;
• big eyes; large eyes; bright eyes; expressive eyes; sharp eyes;
• eyebrows, eyelashes; thick eyebrows; green eyes with dark lashes;
• near-sighted; short-sighted; blind;
• eyeglasses, glasses, spectacles, sunglasses; a pair of glasses; he wears glasses.
Age

• young, middle-aged, elderly, old; grown-up, adult;

• he is twenty years old; she is in her thirties; he is about forty;
• a child; a kid; a little boy; a little girl; a five-year-old girl; she is five years old;
• a teenager; a teenage boy; a teenage girl; a young boy; a young girl;
• a young man; a young woman; a middle-aged man; an old man.
Character, Personality, Nature

• good (excellent, fine, strong, firm, weak, bad, terrible, evil) character;
• traits of character; qualities; he has a terrible character; his character is very good;
• a woman of great character; a man of character; he has no character at all;
• pleasant (friendly, strong, weak, interesting, charismatic) personality;
• she has a friendly personality; he has a lot of personality;
• she is soft-hearted by nature; it is not in his nature to be rude.
• strong, tough, hardy, mature, independent; weak, immature;
• strong-minded, strong-willed, hard-headed, determined, resolute;
• honest, sincere, truthful, decent, scrupulous; dishonest, insincere;
• cunning, deceitful, crafty, sly, treacherous; unscrupulous;
• dependable, reliable, trustworthy; faithful, loyal, devoted; true;
• unreliable, untrustworthy; unfaithful, disloyal; irresponsible;
• hardworking, diligent, conscientious; responsible; persevering; ambitious;
• disciplined, organized, accurate, methodical, careful; thorough;
• undisciplined, disorganized, inaccurate, careless; forgetful; shallow, superficial;
• reasonable, sensible, rational, prudent, level-headed, practical;
• just, fair, objective, impartial, unbiased; unjust, unfair; opinionated;
• unreasonable, irrational; unpredictable; impractical; naive; superstitious;

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 • active, energetic, vigorous, quick, fast; lazy, idle, slow, inert, passive, sluggish;
• attentive, alert, perceptive, observant, insightful, shrewd; inattentive;
• brave, bold, courageous, fearless; reckless; cautious; timid, cowardly.
• good-natured, good-tempered, easy-going; bad-tempered; ill-natured; malevolent; mean;
• friendly, amiable, amicable, sociable, outgoing; unfriendly, hostile, unsociable;
• generous, noble; kind, kind-hearted, soft-hearted, unselfish; helpful; gentle;
• firm, strict, stern, severe; cruel, harsh, hard-hearted; merciless, ruthless;
• thoughtful, considerate; compassionate, sympathetic; tolerant; intolerant;
• polite, civil, urbane, tactful; impolite, rude, tactless; well-mannered; bad-mannered;
• haughty, arrogant, impudent; aggressive, pushy; stubborn, obstinate;
• confident, self-confident; shy, diffident, timid, modest, humble; unassuming;
• serious, calm, quiet, placid; patient; self-possessed; impatient; impulsive;
• formal, official; informal, relaxed, casual, simple; sophisticated; unsophisticated;
• humorous, amusing, funny, interesting; creative; inventive; dull, boring, uninteresting, tedious;
• cheerful, happy, carefree; optimistic; moody, melancholic; gloomy, morose; pessimistic;
• temperamental, emotional, nervous; self-conscious, sensitive, touchy;
• selfish, egoistical, self-centred; inconsiderate; jealous, envious, possessive.
Other qualities

• pretentious, self-important, vain, pompous; domineering, oppressive; unpretentious;

• capricious, wayward, whimsical; mischievous; argumentative, irritable, quarrelsome;
• critical, exacting, fault-finding; pedantic; docile, dutiful, obedient; disobedient;
• talkative; glib; noisy; reserved, reticent; laconic; taciturn; silent; secretive;
• economical, thrifty, frugal, tight, stingy, miserly, greedy; wasteful, prodigal, extravagant;
• strange, odd, weird, eccentric, crazy; normal, ordinary, regular.
Mind

• intelligent, wise, clever, smart; sharp, keen, bright, quick, agile;

• broad-minded; open-minded; narrow-minded; small-minded; absent-minded;
• a sharp mind; a quick mind; he is intelligent and broad-minded;
• foolish, silly, stupid, dumb; dull, slow; crazy, insane, mad; he is foolish.
Other informal words

• a bookworm; a history buff; a sports fan; a music fan; a movie fan; a TV addict;
• a computer whiz kid; a computer freak; a number-cruncher;
• a fashion plate; a dandy; a fashionmonger; a warmonger; a newsmonger; a scaremonger;
• a junk collector; a pack rat; a miser; a squanderer; a spendthrift; a spender;
• a homebody; a couch potato; lazybones; a workaholic; a Jack of all trades;
• an adventurer; a thrill seeker; an oddball; a weirdo; a chatterbox; a scatterbrain; a teaser;
• a prude; a hypocrite; a chronic liar; a gambler; a smooth operator; a city slicker; a simpleton;
• a super-achiever; an underachiever; a winner; a loser; a tough guy; a softy;
• a woman-chaser; a womanizer; a ladies' man (a lady's man);
• a black sheep; a scapegoat; a scarecrow; a white crow; a night owl.
Weight and Height

• He weighs 170 pounds.

• His weight is 170 kilograms.
• Her 13-year-old son is five feet three inches tall. He is five foot three.
• Her height is 160 centimetres.
• Her 12-year-old son is about 5 feet tall and weighs about 88 pounds. (eighty-eight pounds)

Exercise (1.3)
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Choose the most appropriate answer.
21. He is ______. He is six feet two inches tall.
A. average height
B. not very tall
C. very short
D. very tall
22. She is twenty years old. She is of medium height and ______. She weighs a hundred and ten pounds.
A. overweight
B. quite stout
C. very fat
D. very thin
23. His two older daughters are real beauties, but his youngest daughter is ______, I'm afraid.
A. quite plain
B. quite pretty
C. rather attractive
D. very handsome
24. His aunt is an attractive ______ woman. I think she is about 35.
A. elderly
B. middle-aged
C. old
D. young
25. She is ______, with short red hair. She said she would be wearing a light-brown leather jacket. You'll recognize
her.
A. a tall brunette
B. average height and slim
C. medium-build and blond
D. short and grey-haired
26. She______ her mother in appearance. She has the same brown eyes and curly chestnut hair.
A. goes after
B. is after
C. looks after
D. takes after
27. He is ______. He is also very friendly.
A. bad-tempered and rude
B. cheerful and good-natured
C. hostile and mean
D. moody and unsociable
28. He is ______. I don't think that such qualities will make him a good team player.
A. creative and energetic
B. knowledgeable and helpful
C. selfish and jealous
D. sensible and dependable
29. He is ______. You can rely on him.
A. crafty and deceitful
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 B. hardworking and responsible
C. immature and inefficient
D. lazy and careless
30. What ______ like? He is intelligent, broad-minded and independent.
A. does he
B. does he look
C. is he
D. would he

Section (1.4) Stores and Goods

Places in the City
Cities and towns
city; town; capital; metropolis; village; hamlet; settlement; port; resort;

health resort; seaside resort; winter resort; mountain resort; ski resort;

big city; large city; small town; densely populated city;

city center; downtown; suburb; outskirts; slums; ghetto;

region; district; neighborhood; borough; block; city limits;

residential district; residential area (neighborhood; quarter); industrial quarter;

place; location; site; locality; vicinity; environment; surroundings.

Streets and roads

street; road; avenue; alley; boulevard; lane; drive; route; thoroughfare;

main street; side street; back street; by-street (bystreet); one-way street; blind alley;

main road; side road; crossroad; back road; byroad; byway; bypass;

country road; dirt road; paved road; path; track; trail; passage; driveway;

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highway; speedway; expressway; freeway; parkway; causeway; turnpike;

limited-access road; toll road; two-lane road; four-lane road;

autobahn; motorway; superhighway.

Parts of streets and roads

fast lane; left lane; slow lane; right lane; breakdown lane; bicycle lane; bicycle path;

intersection; crossroads; junction; traffic light; red light; yellow light; green light;

pedestrian crossing; zebra crossing; crosswalk; sidewalk; pavement; walkway;

street corner; overpass; underpass; traffic circle; bridge; tunnel.

Bus stop, parking lot, etc.

bus stop; bus station; bus terminal; taxi stop; subway station; subway entrance;

parking lot; curb parking; to park at the curb; parking meter; garage;

train station; railroad station; railway station; airport;

gas station; filling station; petrol station.

Houses, buildings
house; small house; large house; brick house; brownstone; wooden house;

apartment house; block of flats (BrE); residential building;

three-story house; four-storied house; multistory building;

row house; cottage; cabin; bungalow; hut; lodge; log cabin;

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castle; palace; villa; estate; mansion; manor house; fortress;

town house; country house; summer house; farmhouse; ranch house;

office building; concrete-steel building; glass building; brick building;

skyscraper; high rise; tower; elevator building; walk-up (walk-up building).

Miscellaneous buildings
school; hospital; supermarket; department store; restaurant; hotel;

bank; post office; museum; library; movie theater; factory; plant;

police department; fire department; city hall; town hall; prison; jail;

church; cathedral; temple; chapel; mosque; synagogue.

Places of interest and entertainment

to go sightseeing; to see the sights; to visit scenic sites; to visit places of interest;

tourist attractions; cultural attractions; scenic attractions; major attractions;

historical places; historic places; historical sites; historic sites; historic landmarks;

art gallery; art museum; museum of art; science museum; exhibition; showroom;

monument; memorial; square; plaza; park; garden; botanical garden;

zoo; zoological garden; aviary; wildlife refuge; nature reserve; planetarium;

aquarium; marine park; water park; aquapark; amusement park;

concert hall; opera house; theater; movie theater; cinema; circus;

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dancing hall; disco; discotheque; night club.

Tourist information places

tourist information center; visitors center; visitors bureau;

travel agency; tourist agency.

Hotels and other accommodation

hotel; inn; motel; lodge; youth hostel; residential hotel;

lodging; lodgings; lodging house; rooming house;

guesthouse (guest house); country inn; camping area; campsite;

boardinghouse (boarding house); bed and board; bed and breakfast;

deluxe hotel; luxury hotel; five-star hotel; four-star hotel; three-star hotel;

downtown hotel; small hotel; large hotel; old hotel; rundown hotel;

expensive hotel; moderate hotel; inexpensive hotel; cheap hotel;

hotel amenities; hotel facilities; business center; restaurant; playground;

fitness facilities; exercise facilities; fitness center; exercise room; swimming pool.

Restaurants, bars
restaurant; cafeteria; cafe; lunchroom; luncheonette; coffee shop; tearoom; snack bar;

eating place; eating house; diner; eatery; canteen; grillroom; pizzeria; milk bar;

French restaurant; Italian restaurant; Chinese restaurant; Mexican restaurant;

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seafood restaurant; fish restaurant; fast food restaurant (fast-food restaurant);

hotel restaurant; a la carte restaurant; self-service restaurant; family restaurant;

bar; barroom; cocktail lounge; pub; tavern; saloon.

Banks
bank; central bank; savings bank; commercial bank; nearest bank;

ATM (automatic teller machine); cash machine; currency exchange;

electronic banking; online banking.

Shopping places
shopping center; shopping mall; department store; shoe store; computer store; bookstore;

supermarket; grocery store; food store; food market; farmers' market; bakery;

fair; annual fair; book fair; trade fair; trade center;

market; market place; flower market; flea market; bazaar;

newsstand; fruit stand; street vendor.

Sports facilities
health club; fitness center; gym; tennis club; golf club; country club;

sports area; recreation area; sports ground; playground; campground;

football ground; basketball ground; tennis court; golf course;

swimming pool; skating rink; boxing ring; wrestling ring; racetrack; racecourse;
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football field; stadium; sports arena.

Health facilities
hospital; clinic; polyclinic; health center; hospital clinic; dental clinic; the dentist's;

outpatient clinic; outpatients' department; ambulatory surgical center; surgery department;

waiting room; consulting room; hospital ward; emergency room; operating room; the ambulance;

maternity hospital; maternity home; nursing home; pharmacy; drugstore.

Educational facilities
nursery school; kindergarten; elementary school; high school;

school; college; institute; university; academy; medical school; law school;

business school; vocational school; trade school; technical school; music school;

library; campus; dormitory; day-care center; day camp; summer camp.

Hair care, skin care

hair salon; hairdresser's; barber shop;

beauty parlor; beauty salon; beauty shop;

massage parlor; solarium.

Rentals
rental agency; car rental; bicycle rental; video rental;

real estate agency; house rental; apartment rental.

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Services and repair
laundry; laundromat; dry cleaner's;

automobile repair shop; auto repair shop; car repair shop; service station; garage;

bicycle repair shop; computer repair shop; home repair shop; locksmith's shop.
Exercise (1.4)
Choose the most appropriate answer.
31. Where can I buy paper towels and napkins? You can buy them in a ______.
A. furniture store
B. jewellery store
C. shoe store
D. supermarket
32. You can buy teacups at a ______.
A. china store
B. dairy
C. lumberyard
D. meat store
33. You can buy light bulbs at a ______.
A. confectionery
B. home appliances store
C. pet store
D. sportswear store
34. Where is the nearest ______? I want to buy hand lotion and iodine.
A. bakery
B. grocery store
C. pharmacy
D. toy store
35. I went to the ______ to buy a new coat and a pair of shoes.
A. cosmetics store
B. department store
C. flower market
D. hardware store
36. She works as a ______. She sells books.
A. cashier in a bank
B. florist in a music store
C. waitress in a restaurant
D. salesgirl in a bookshop
37. A ______ is a thin strip of wood, plastic or metal with a straight edge, used for drawing lines and for
measuring.
A. crayon
B. eraser
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 C. ruler
D. stencil
38. ______ is a cosmetic substance for darkening the eyelashes.
A. Hair dye
B. Mascara
C. Nail polish
D. Rouge
39. A ______ is a deep dish for stewing or baking.
A. casserole
B. colander
C. ladle
D. spatula
40. A ______ is a tall cabinet for clothes.
A. couch
B. settee
C. sideboard
D. wardrobe

Section (1.5) Weather and Temperature

Exercise (1.5)
Choose the most appropriate answer.
41. These adjectives describe good weather: beautiful, excellent, fine, ______, nice, pleasant and wonderful.
A. foul
B. gorgeous
C. lousy
D. miserable
42. These adjectives describe bad weather: awful, beastly, dull, ______, rotten, terrible, ugly and unpleasant.
A. fair
B. lovely
C. mild
D. nasty
43. All these are water in liquid or solid form: cloud, dew, fog, hail, ice, ______, rain, sleet, snow.
A. gale
B. landslide
C. lightning
D. mist
44. Cold and cloudy with a little drizzle. High ______ all day. Strong wind expected in the afternoon.
A. atmospheric pressure
B. precipitation
C. temperature
D. wind
45. Moscow's climate is ______, with cold winters and hot summers.

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 A. arctic
B. continental
C. maritime
D. tropical
46. Ireland has a temperate ______ climate, with mild winters and cool summers.
A. arctic
B. continental
C. maritime
D. tropical
47. The freezing point of water is ______, or zero degrees Celsius.
A. 32 degrees Fahrenheit
B. 100 degrees Fahrenheit
C. 50 degrees Fahrenheit
D. zero degrees Fahrenheit
48. Water boils at ______, or 100 degrees Celsius.
A. 32 degrees Fahrenheit
B. 100 degrees Fahrenheit
C. 212 degrees Fahrenheit
D. zero degrees Fahrenheit
49. Nice warm weather is ______, or 24 degrees Celsius.
A. 60 degrees Fahrenheit
B. 75 degrees Fahrenheit
C. 90 degrees Fahrenheit
D. 95 degrees Fahrenheit
50. It was cold and frosty. The temperature was about ______.
A. ten degrees Celsius
B. fifteen degrees Celsius
C. fifteen degrees Fahrenheit
D. fifty degrees Fahrenheit

Section (1.6) Clothes and Accessories

Exercise (1.6)
Choose the most appropriate answer.
51. A ______ is a short warm coat with a hood for wear in the arctic and in other extremely cold regions.
A. mink coat
B. parka
C. snowsuit
D. topcoat
52. A ______ is a waterproof raincoat.
A. overcoat
B. slicker

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 C. trench coat
D. windbreaker
53. Policemen and traffic officers usually have to wear their ______ at work.
A. business suits
B. helmets
C. overalls
D. uniforms
54. A dinner jacket, also called a ______ in American English, is a man's jacket for semiformal evening occasions.
A. blazer
B. dress shirt
C. tuxedo
D. vest
55. A woman's long ______ is for formal receptions and for other formal occasions.
A. evening gown
B. house dress
C. nightgown
D. pants suit
56. Shoes for sports include tennis shoes, training shoes, running shoes, ______, and the like.
A. pumps
B. sandals
C. slippers
D. sneakers
57. Knitted garments for the upper part of the body include sweaters, ______, pullovers, jerseys, and the like.
A. cardigans
B. half-slips
C. pyjamas
D. warm-up suits
58. Garments covering the lower part of the body and the legs, such as trousers, ______, pants and jeans, are worn
by both men and women.
A. culottes
B. panties
C. slacks
D. tank tops
59. Marina ______ a grey suit and a white blouse today. She looks very nice.
A. is dressed
B. is wearing
C. puts on
D. wears
60. Dennis prefers ______ clothes. He usually wears blue jeans and a T-shirt.
A. casual
B. designer
C. formal
D. handmade

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SECTION (1.7): PLACES IN THE CITY
Cities and Towns
• city; town; capital; metropolis; village; hamlet; settlement; port; resort;

• health resort; seaside resort; winter resort; mountain resort; ski resort;
• big city; large city; small town; densely populated city;
• city centre; downtown; suburb; outskirts; slums; ghetto;
• region; district; neighbourhood; borough; block; city limits;
• residential district; residential area; quarter; industrial quarter;
• place; location; site; locality; vicinity; environment; surroundings.
Streets and Roads
• street; road; avenue; alley; boulevard; lane; drive; route; thoroughfare;
• main street; side street; back street; by-street; one-way street; blind alley;
• main road; side road; crossroad; back road; byroad; byway; bypass;
• country road; dirt road; paved road; path; track; trail; passage; driveway;
• highway; speedway; expressway; freeway; parkway; causeway; turnpike;
• limited-access road; toll road; two-lane road; four-lane road;
• autobahn; motorway; superhighway.
Parts of Streets and Roads
• fast lane; left lane; slow lane; right lane; breakdown lane; bicycle lane; bicycle path;
• intersection; crossroads; junction; traffic light; red light; yellow light; green light;
• pedestrian crossing; zebra crossing; crosswalk; sidewalk; pavement; walkway;
• street corner; overpass; underpass; traffic circle; bridge; tunnel.
Bus Stop and Parking Lot
• bus stop; bus station; bus terminal; taxi stop; subway station; subway entrance;
• parking lot; curb parking; to park at the curb; parking meter; garage;
• train station; railroad station; railway station; airport;
• gas station; filling station; petrol station.
Houses and Buildings
• house; small house; large house; brick house; brownstone; wooden house;
• apartment house; block of flats; residential building;
• three-story house; four-storied house; multi-storey building;
• row house; cottage; cabin; bungalow; hut; lodge; log cabin;
• castle; palace; villa; estate; mansion; manor house; fortress;
• town house; country house; summer house; farmhouse; ranch house;
• office building; concrete-steel building; glass building; brick building;
• skyscraper; high rise; tower; elevator building; walk-up building.
Miscellaneous Buildings
• school; hospital; supermarket; department store; restaurant; hotel;
• bank; post office; museum; library; movie theatre; factory; plant;
• police department; fire department; city hall; town hall; prison; jail;
• church; cathedral; temple; chapel; mosque; synagogue.

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Places of Interest and Entertainment
• to go sightseeing; to see the sights; to visit scenic sites; to visit places of interest;
• tourist attractions; cultural attractions; scenic attractions; major attractions;
• historical places; historic places; historical sites; historic sites; historic landmarks;
• art gallery; art museum; museum of art; science museum; exhibition; showroom;
• monument; memorial; square; plaza; park; garden; botanical garden;
• zoo; zoological garden; aviary; wildlife refuge; nature reserve; planetarium;
• aquarium; marine park; water park; aqua park; amusement park;
• concert hall; opera house; theatre; movie theatre; cinema; circus;
• dancing hall; disco; discotheque; night club.
Tourist Information Places
• tourist information centre; visitors centre; visitors bureau;
• travel agency; tourist agency.
Hotels and other accommodation
• hotel; inn; motel; lodge; youth hostel; residential hotel;
• lodging; lodgings; lodging house; rooming house;
• guest house; country inn; camping area; campsite;
• boarding house; bed and board; bed and breakfast;
• deluxe hotel; luxury hotel; five-star hotel; four-star hotel; three-star hotel;
• downtown hotel; small hotel; large hotel; old hotel; rundown hotel;
• expensive hotel; moderate hotel; inexpensive hotel; cheap hotel;
• hotel amenities; hotel facilities; business centre; restaurant; playground;
• fitness facilities; exercise facilities; fitness centre; exercise room; swimming pool.
Restaurants and Bars
• restaurant; cafeteria; cafe; lunchroom; luncheonette; coffee shop; tearoom; snack bar;
• eating place; eating house; diner; eatery; canteen; grillroom; pizzeria; milk bar;
• French restaurant; Italian restaurant; Chinese restaurant; Mexican restaurant;
• seafood restaurant; fish restaurant; fast food restaurant (fast-food restaurant);
• hotel restaurant; a la carte restaurant; self-service restaurant; family restaurant;
• bar; barroom; cocktail lounge; pub; tavern; saloon.
Banks and Shopping Places
• bank; central bank; savings bank; commercial bank; nearest bank;
• ATM (automatic teller machine); cash machine; currency exchange;
• electronic banking; online banking.
• shopping centre; shopping mall; department store; shoe store; computer store; bookstore;
• supermarket; grocery store; food store; food market; farmers' market; bakery;
• fair; annual fair; book fair; trade fair; trade centre;
• market; market place; flower market; flea market; bazaar;
• newsstand; fruit stand; street vendor.
Sports and Health Facilities
• health club; fitness centre; gym; tennis club; golf club; country club;
• sports area; recreation area; sports ground; playground; campground;
• football ground; basketball ground; tennis court; golf course;
• swimming pool; skating rink; boxing ring; wrestling ring; racetrack; racecourse;
• football field; stadium; sports arena.
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 • hospital; clinic; polyclinic; health centre; hospital clinic; dental clinic; the dentist's;
• outpatient clinic; outpatients' department; ambulatory surgical centre; surgery department;
• waiting room; consulting room; hospital ward; emergency room; operating room; the ambulance;
• maternity hospital; maternity home; nursing home; pharmacy; drugstore.
Educational facilities
• nursery school; kindergarten; elementary school; high school;
• school; college; institute; university; academy; medical school; law school;
• business school; vocational school; trade school; technical school; music school;
• library; campus; dormitory; day-care centre; day camp; summer camp.
Hair care and Skin care
• hair salon; hairdresser's; barber shop;
• beauty parlour; beauty salon; beauty shop;
• massage parlour; solarium.
Rentals, Services and Repair
• rental agency; car rental; bicycle rental; video rental;
• real estate agency; house rental; apartment rental.
• laundry; laundromat; dry cleaner's;
• automobile repair shop; auto repair shop; car repair shop; service station; garage;
• bicycle repair shop; computer repair shop; home repair shop; locksmith's shop.
Exercise (1.7)
Choose the most appropriate answer.
61. A ______ is a small village.
A. hamlet
B. neighbourhood
C. suburb
D. town
62. Don't jaywalk. You should always cross the street at the ______.
A. crossroad
B. crosswalk
C. sidewalk
D. walkway
63. Drivers have to pay a special tax in order to use a ______.
A. byroad
B. country road
C. paved road
D. toll road
64. You can have your car filled up at the ______.
A. bus station
B. gas station
C. subway station
D. train station
65. Usually, there is no elevator in a ______.
A. high rise
B. multi-story building
C. skyscraper
D. walk-up
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66. You can buy shoes and boots at a shoe store or at a ______.
A. bookstore
B. computer store
C. department store
D. grocery store
67. A ______ is a place where visitors can wash and dry their clothes in coin-operated automatic machines.
A. barber shop
B. house rental
C. Laundromat
D. service station
68. Many hotels have fitness facilities, such as an exercise room, a tennis court, or a ______.
A. campus
B. snack bar
C. stadium
D. swimming pool
69. Children under five usually go to ______ or kindergarten.
A. elementary school
B. nursery school
C. preparatory school
D. primary school
70. Top tourist attractions include historic places, museums, ______, theatres, shopping centres, amusement parks,
and the like.
A. exhibitions
B. lunchrooms
C. polyclinics
D. travel agencies

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