WHAT’s and WHYS OF RESEARCH

Research is defined as the creation of new knowledge and/or the use of existing knowledge in a new and
creative way so as to generate new concepts, methodologies and understandings. This could include
synthesis and analysis of previous research to the extent that it leads to new and creative outcomes.

Why do Research?

 Research allows you to pursue your interests, to learn something new, to hone your problem-solving
skills and to challenge yourself in new ways.
 It valuable life skills for life and class such as professionalism, time management, learning how to use
online research tools.
 It communicates your ideas and how to analyze and critique the work of others.
 It's a tool for building knowledge and facilitating learning.
 It's a means to understand issues and increase public awareness.
 It helps us succeed in business.
 It allows us to disprove lies and support truths.
 It is a means to find, gauge, and seize opportunities.
 It promotes a love of and confidence in reading, writing, analyzing, and sharing valuable information.
 It provides nourishment and exercise for the mind.

Research Ethics

Research ethics are the set of ethical guidelines that guides us on how scientific research should be conducted and
disseminated.

1. Honesty: Ensure honesty in all forms of scientific communication with colleagues, sponsors or the general
public
2. Objectivity: Avoid bias in all aspects of research
3. Integrity: Maintain consistency of thought and action
4. Carefulness: Avoid errors or negligence at all times
5. Openness: Share information about your research and be open to criticism and new ideas
6. Transparency: Disclose all the necessary information needed to evaluate your research
7. Accountability: Be responsible for all concerns related to your research
8. Intellectual Property: Avoid plagiarism, give proper credit to all contribution in your research and honor all
forms of intellectual property
9. Confidentiality: Protect and safeguard all confidential information recorded in your research
10. Responsible Publication: Publish for the sole reason to advance the knowledge in your field
11. Responsible Mentoring: Help and mentor other researchers and promote their welfare
12. Respect for Colleagues: Respect and treat all your colleagues fairly
13. Social Responsibility: Aim to promote social good through your research
14. Non-Discrimination: Avoid discrimination in all forms against colleagues
15. Competence: Improve your own personal competence and also promote the competence of science as a
whole
16. Legality: Obey all relevant laws and policies
17. Animal Care: Respect and care for all animal species
18. Human Subjects Protection: Respect human dignity and take special precautions wherever needed.

Tourism

 Tourism management is a multidisciplinary field that includes all activities related to the tourism and
hospitality industries. It prepares candidates with the experience and training required to hold managerial
positions in food, accommodation and tourism industry.
 Tourism activity was defined as the activity of a person who travels and has a residence in places other
than those usually frequented, for no more than one consecutive year for leisure, business or other
purposes.
 Tourist is any person who is outside their current residence for a period of at least 24 hours (or overnight)
and four months for the following reasons: pleasure (holidays and weekends), health (termalism,
thalassotherapy, etc..), any assignments or meetings (congresses, seminars, pilgrimages, sporting events,
etc..), business travel, professional travel, school trips,etc.
 A tourist is a person who is visiting a place for pleasure and interest, especially when they are on holiday.
 Tourism research has created such tension and brings together two research categories: paradox of
"tourism as industry" and "tourism as a problem"
 Research Approaches

A research approach is the procedure selected by the researcher to collect, analyze, and interpret data.

 Quantitative data is numerical, which requires statistical analysis methods to interpret the data.
Statistical analysis methods include finding the mean, median, standard deviation, variance, etc.

 Qualitative data is narrative or visual, which requires thematic analysis to interpret the data.
Thematic analysis uses words and sentences to code and gather into categories.
 Title Proposal

The title summarizes the main idea or ideas of your study. A good title contains the fewest possible
words that adequately describe the contents and/or purpose of your research paper.
 How to Write a Research Paper Title

1) give a general idea of what the project is about

2) make you curious about the project and prompt you to read more and to participate in it
3) not be descriptive, but allusive
4) catch people’s attention because of a play of words or a reference to movies, books, popular culture etc.
5) be simple and straightforward (avoid overcomplicated titles)
6) be memorable.

Issues of the Proposed Research

1. Study design and ethics approval

2. Data analysis
3. Authorship
4. Conflicts of interest
5. Redundant publication and plagiarism

Title Approval

 Listing, finding and reviewing sources

 Preparing purpose statement, research questions and thesis statements
 Outlining topics and sub-topics
 Citing and referencing sources

What are key research questions?

1. Image result for research approach or key questions

2. Focused on a single problem or issue.
3. Researchable using primary and/or secondary sources.
4. Feasible to answer within the timeframe and practical constraints.
5. Specific enough to answer thoroughly.
6. Complex enough to develop the answer over the space of a paper or thesis.

How to Identify a Meaningful Research Question

1. It should be clearly defined, and free of jargon.

2. The question should be sufficiently focused to steer your research to its logical conclusion. It should
summarize an outstanding issue or problem you want to investigate through research-by a literature review or
an experimental study or a theoretical exercise.
3. It must be addressed within your limited time frame and other available resources (e.g., money, equipment,
assistants, etc.).

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2