Our Lady of Fatima University Valenzuela Campus

College of Nursing

Name : Juan Miguel M. Salvador Course/Year/Sec: BSN 1-Y1-11

Date : September 24, 2023 Teacher: Albert Gironella

EXERCISE NO. 6

MUSCULAR SYSTEM

GIO. To study the skeletal muscle groups making up the muscular system.
SIO:

1. Explain the different functions of the muscular system.

Body movement - whatever our minds imagined was being turned into movements via skeletal muscle
contractions.
Muscle tone helps us maintain posture by allowing us to maintain a continuous or consistent state of
partial contraction.
Respiration - The diaphragm is the primary muscle for bathing. It enables air to enter the lungs by
contracting. Furthermore, other thoracic muscles carry out the motions required for breathing.
Body heat production - When skeletal muscles contract, heat is released as a byproduct. This released
heat is essential for maintaining body temperature.
Skeletal muscles are engaged in all areas of communication, such as speaking, writing, typing, gesturing,
and facial expressions.
Organ and vessel constriction occurs when smooth muscle within the walls of internal organs and
vessels contracts, causing those structures to constrict. This constriction can assist in propelling and
mixing food and water in the digestive system, propelling organ secretions, and regulating blood flow via
arteries.
Contraction of cardiac muscle - The contraction of cardiac muscle causes the heart to beat, causing
blood to flow to all regions of the body.

2. Describe the three types of muscle tissues and their important features.

Skeletal muscle - specialized tissue connected to bones that facilitates movement.

Smooth muscle- found in a variety of internal systems such as the digestive tract, the uterus, and blood
vessels such as arteries.
Cardiac muscle- a heart-specific muscle.

3. Enumerate the different bases of nomenclature of the muscle and give examples of each.

Tibialis anterior is the location.

sternocleidomastoid origin/insertion

gluteus maximus size

Deltoid (triangular) shape

Feature – Masseter
4. Illustrate and label muscles forming the following groups. In the labels, indicate their
bases of nomenclature.

AXIAL MUSCLES

A.1.muscles of facial expression A.2. muscles of mastication

A.3. muscles of tongue A.4. muscles of pharynx

A.5. extraocular eye muscles A.6.extrinsic & intrinsic laryngeal muscles

A.7.intrinsic muscles of vertebral A.8.muscles of thoracic and column abdomino-

pelvic wall

APPENDICULAR MUSCLES

A. MUSCLES OF UPPER EXTREMITIES

A.1 shoulder A.2 arm (anterior & posterior)

 A.3. forearm (anterior and posterior) A.4 hand (palm)

B. MUSCLES OF LOWER EXTREMITIES

B.1 thigh (anterior and posterior) B.2. leg (anterior &posterior)

B.3 gluteal region B.4. posterior leg