Development of Miniature Garbage-Powered Power Plant as a Physics

Learning Media for Junior High School Students

Extended Abstract

Research Category
Applied Physics and Engineering

Prepared by
Dimas Adnan Prayogo
Muhammad Abid Fadhilah
William Sakti Pratama
Arya Bima Putra
Muhammad Hafidz Imtiyaz Sutomo

SMA Sains Wahid Hasyim

Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2023
 Development of Miniature Garbage-Powered Power Plant as a
Physics Learning Media for Junior High School Students
Dimas Adnan Prayogo, Muhammad Abid Fadhilah , William Sakti Pratama , Arya
Bima Putra, Muhammad Hafidz Imtiyaz Sutomo
SMA Sains Wahid Hasyim
Jl. K.H Wahid Hasyim No. 3, Gaten, Condongcatur, Depok Sub-District,
Sleman District, Special Province of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
dimasatnan92@gmail.com, abidfadhilah191107@gmail.com
williampratama700@gmail.com,aryabimaputra96@gmail.com
hafidzimtiyaz.s77@gmail.com
The cause of this research task is to develop a miniature waste-to-energy (WtE) energy
plant that may be used as a physics learning media for junior high school college
students. WtE is a technology that converts waste into power via burning it and the use
of steam to pressure a turbine. WtE plant life is widely utilized in a few nations as a
manner to reduce landfill and greenhouse fuel emissions, while also generating
renewable power. However, WtE plants are often arguable due to their environmental
and fitness effects, including air pollutants, ash disposal, and dioxin emissions.
Therefore, it's miles essential to train college students approximately the blessings and
challenges of WtE technology, in addition to the fundamental standards of physics
worried in its operation. Our research project consists of three main stages: design,
construction, and evaluation. The effectiveness of the developed learning media was
assessed through a qualitative method, which involved student engagement surveys.
The study results showed that the learning media effectively enhanced students'
understanding of physics concepts, waste management principles, and the possibilities
of sustainable energy generation. The project also encouraged students to think critically
about real-world challenges and potential solutions, while fostering a sense of
environmental responsibility.
Keywords: Waste Management, Miniature Power-Plant, Sustainable energy,
Physics learning media
1. Introduction
Conventional physics getting to
know in schools is frequently physics gaining knowledge would
monotonous and lacks real-global contain active scholar engagement in
programs[1]. This can lead to students watching, expertise and utilizing natural
feeling disengaged and unmotivated, phenomena [2]. This would allow
and might even discourage them from students to broaden observational and
pursuing physics in their destiny. An experimental capabilities, important
extra engaging and effective method of questioning, and medical painting
capabilities. Additionally, students
might be
trained to conduct experiments using
equipment from each laboratory and the
herbal environment. By supporting
students' physics knowledge abilities,
they could expand their disciplined
thinking and reasoning abilities, in
addition to the ability to correct records
management.
The significance of hands-on
activities in physics mastering is nicely
installed. Students who interact in
hands-on sports are better capable of
understanding and keeping physics
principles, as they are able to practice
their critical wondering competencies to
remedy issues and make observations.
This is supported by way of the take a
look at of Vernon A. Magnessen (1983),
which located that scholars take in
10 % from reading, 20% from hearing,
30% from looking at, 50% from both
staring at and hearing, 70% from verbal
interplay, and 90% from each verbal
and practical engagement[3]. This
suggests that hands-on activities are the
best manner for college kids to study
physics.
An assessment performed that 75%
of students have trouble comprehending
physics due to an overload of symbols,
formulations, and terminologies. 87.5%
of respondents lack the previous revel in
with the utilization of tutorial media
which include miniature energy turbines
[4]. This indicates that there's a need for
more palms-on physics getting-to-know
activities that can be designed to be
available to students with lots of
getting-to- know patterns[5].
The proposed studies mission will
develop and evaluate a brand-new arms-
on physics studying pastime the use of a
miniature waste-to- strength energy
generator. This pastime could be
designed to be enticing and interactive,
and it will likely be aligned with the
present-day physics curriculum. The
task will even verify the effectiveness of
the hobby in enhancing college students'
know-how of physics concepts.
Garbage is used as the primary
material for this. Have a look at it as it
is a primary environmental trouble. It
takes up space in landfills, pollutes the
air and water, and contributes to climate
exchange[3]. Its motive is a critical
waste-to-energy fabric that could have a
terrible effect on the survival of living
matters. In recent years, there has been
a developing interest in the usage of
rubbish as a supply of energy. Garbage-
powered power plants can assist in
lessening waste and generate smooth
strength.
The advent of this miniature waste-
to-power power plant is designed to
make it less complicated for students to
understand strength adjustments
through applying the law of
conservation of energy, as well as to
gain the fundamental competency of
studying electricity adjustments by way
of making use of the regulation of
conservation of electricity.
Therefore, our trouble formulations
primarily based on our background are
as follows:
I. How does the miniature of
garbage-powered powerplant
work?
 II. How can the miniature
garbage-powered strength
plant be evaluated for its
effectiveness as a physics
getting-to-know media?
The following are the study
goals of this have a look at, such:
I. To apprehend the running
principle of a miniature
garbage-powered power
plant
II. To conduct a pilot study
with a group of junior high
school students to evaluate
the effectiveness of the
miniature garbage- powered
power plant as a physics
learning media.
2. Method and Experimental
Details
a. Research Type
This study is categorized as
experimental research as it investigates
the development of a device to lessen
non-organic waste.
b. Research Time
The experimental making was
conducted from August to September
2023 at Sains Al-Qur'an Senior High
School. The study case was conducted
in September 2023 at Sains Al-Qur'an
Junior High School of Wahid Hasyim,
Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
c. Participants of the case
study
A total of 30 junior high school
students will be randomly selected from
an Islamic boarding junior high
school of Wahid Hasyim in Yogyakarta,
Indonesia, to be the case study
participants for this research.
d. Materials and Tools
2.1 Tools
The following tools were used to
form the specimen in this test:
1. Hacksaw
Hacksaws are made to cut steel;
however, they can also be used to
reduce wood. Hacksaws are by and
large hand saws with a C- formed
body that holds the blade below
tension.
2. File
Files are used to flatten and ease
a floor, make the right perspective
between surfaces, and make a flat
and parallel surface. The documents
used at this time were spherical and
triangular documents to match the
shape of the pattern to be made.
3. Chisel
Chisels are used to drill holes in
metal
4. Sewing Scissors
A hand-operated cutting tool with a
V-shaped shape, scissors are used to cut
thin materials such as aluminum, hoses,
and threads.
2.2 Materials:
 Table 1. Tools and materials that
were used in this study Thread to tie so that As a tie due
there is to the small
Tool/ Purpose Description no leakage in size of the
Material the hose. thread
Hacksaw to cut steel Hacksaws Bearing as a
and wood with a C- or Laker flywheel
formed body Wood as a
that foundation
holds the for the
blade below piston and
tension. frame on
File to flatten and The the
ease a floor, documents miniature
to make the were Iron 512 to make
right spherical bits key valves
perspective and Can to make the as a valve
between triangular valve head cover and as
surfaces, documents connecting a
to make a to match the hanger material
flat and the shape wire.
parallel of the Zinc As a
surface pattern Scissors material
cutter such
Chisel to drill holes as hoses,
in metal threads,
Sewing used to cut A hand- and cans
Scissors thin operated Glue as an
materials cutting tool adhesive (i.e.
such as with a G glue)
aluminum, V- Dynamo As
hoses, and shaped electricity
threads shape generation
Motor to make a Mini light As a switch
Chain hole (that is bulb for the
Roller the same size presence of
as the hole electrical
in the energy
cylinder) Cable to connect the
Hanger As a dynamo
Wire material for to the lamp
PIN or nails 2.4 Research Design
on the
piston The research design involves the
Small to connect hose size is following steps: literature review,
hose the cylinders 1x1 in planning and designing,
(1 diameter and
construction, case study, and evaluation.
and 2) 1 meter long
Step 1. Literature Review
 The literature review involved
reading and summarizing the existing
research on miniature garbage-powered
power plants and their use as learning
media. The literature review helped to
identify the gaps in the research and to
develop the research questions for the
study. The literature review consisted
of:
● Review existing literature on
waste-to-power generation,
mainly that specializes in
miniature strength flowers and
their ability as educational tools.
• Explore research on
public notion closer to waste- to-
energy as a waste control
strategy.
• Examine waste
warmness recuperation
technologies and their programs.
Step 2. Preparation and
Designing Period
Each member of the research
team prepared the materials and tools
needed for the purpose of this project.
The miniature garbage- powered power
plant's design was based on the
literature review findings and the
research questions. The design was
simple, affordable, and easy to
construct.
Step 3. Construction
The miniature garbage- powered
power plant was constructed by the
research team. As for the necessary
steps;
 Step 4. Case Study
All students who participated in
this study must have followed the safety
guidelines;
physics learning aid for junior high school
pupils.
3. Result and Discussion

● The students are instructed on 3.1 Miniature-Design

how to use the miniature
garbage-powered power plant
safely.
● The students are required to
wear safety goggles and gloves
when using the power plant.
● The power plant is operated in a Figure 1. The Miniature Power Plant Design
well-ventilated area. Illustration
● The power plant is inspected
The making of the miniature
regularly for any potential
began with a prototyped sketch
hazards.
designed by our team using digital
The most excellent science class graphic software such as Canva.
(IPA) in the school selected students
3.2 Students Questionnaire
based on their interest in physics. The
data collection process for this case Both the pre-test and post-test
study involved utilizing both pre-test questionnaires were used as
and post-test results, in addition to qualitative data for the research
survey responses. method. Several survey questions
were administered to them. Those
Step 5. Evaluation
questions include:
The learning media's
1. Have you heard about the
effectiveness was evaluated using pre-
"Miniature Garbage-
and post-tests to assess students' grasp
Powered Power Plant"
of physics principles before and after
learning media before this
utilizing the small power plant. In
research?
addition, questionnaires and interviews
- [ ] Yes
were done with students and teachers to
gain input on the usability and - [ ] No
engagement of the learning media. The
2. Have you ever used
evaluation data was then examined to
interactive learning tools in
establish the overall performance of the
your physics class?
miniature garbage-powered power
- [ ] Yes
plant as a
- [ ] No
 3. Would you be interested in
using a hands-on learning - [ ] Yes
media like the "Miniature - [ ] No
Garbage- Powered Power
Plant" to understandphysics
concepts better?
- [ ] Yes
- [ ] No
4. How important is it for you
to learn physics through
real-life examples and
applications?

Table 2: The survey results were analyzed according to the students' thinking styles.
 Figure 3. Pie Chart data for students' responses toward the miniature project

The pie chart above showing the

The pie chart is a good way to
results of a survey of students about
visualize the data and to see the
their reaction to a new physics
different reactions of the students.
lesson. The pie chart shows that
The large percentage of students
44% of students were neutral,
who were excited suggests that the
11.1% were bored, 13.3% were
lesson was effective in engaging the
disinterested, 53.3% were excited,
students and in stimulating their
and 0.0% were really excited.
interest in physics.

Table 1 How useful was the miniature garbage-powered power plant as a learning media
in Physics class?
environmental issues, and sustainable
energy sources. It is recommended to
No Responses % study its potential for other educational
settings
1. Very useful and 62
informative
5. Acknowledgments
2. Useful but did not cover 10
We would like to thank Dr. KH.
everything
Jalal Suyuthi, (the Principal of Wahid
3. Useful but not 7 Hasyim Islamic Boarding School) and
interesting Ms. Hana Luthfi Alifah (the Principal of
SMA Sains Wahid Hasyim). We wish
4. Not useful and no new 1 to express our sincere appreciation to
knowledge gained Ms. Erda Aiska, Mr. Tamam Irsyadi,
and also Mr. Ridwan Adzani for their
invaluable assistance during the
5. Not useful and difficult to 5 completion of our research project.
understand 6. Reference

1. The American Physical

6. Others 15 Society. (1934).
American Physical
Society.
4. Conclusion
A miniature garbage-powered 2. "3 Using Insights About
Learning to Inform
power plant is an effective learning tool
Teaching." National
for junior high school students. It helps
Research Council.
them understand physics, 2015. Reaching
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