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Him of eagum stod ligge gelicost leoht unfæger.

(725-726)
From his eyes shone forth most like to fire an unfair light.
1. Him – means his.
Old English his (genitive of he), from Proto-Germanic *hisa (source also of Gothic is, Old
Saxon is, German es). Originally also the neuter possessive pronoun, but in English it was
replaced in that sense c. 1600 by its. In Middle English, hisis was tried for the absolute
pronoun (compare her/hers), but it failed to stick. For dialectal his'n, see her.

2. of – means from.
Old English fram, preposition denoting departure or movement away in time or space, from
Proto-Germanic *fra "forward, away from" (source also of Old Saxon, Old High German,
Gothic fram "from, away," Old Norse fra "from," fram "forward").

3. eagum – means eyes.


c. 1200, from Old English ege (Mercian), eage (West Saxon) "eye; region around the eye;
apperture, hole," from Proto-Germanic *augon (source also of Old Saxon aga, Old
Frisian age, Old Norse auga, Swedish öga, Danish øie, Middle Dutch oghe, Dutch oog, Old
High German ouga, German Auge, Gothic augo "eye").

4. stod – means shone forth.


Middle English shinen, from Old English scinan "shed, send forth, or give out light; be
radiant, be resplendent, illuminate," of persons, "be conspicuous" (class I strong verb; past
tense scan, past participle scinen). This is reconstructed to be from Proto-
Germanic *skeinanan (source also of Old Saxon and Old High German skinan, Old Norse
and Old Frisian skina, Dutch schijnen, German scheinen, Gothic skeinan "to shine, appear").
Old English forð "forward, onward, farther; continually;" as a preposition, "during,"
perfective of fore, from Proto-Germanic *furtha- "forward" (source also of Old Frisian, Old
Saxon forth "forward, onward," Old Norse forð, Dutch voort, German fort).

5. ligge – means fire.


c. 1200, furen, "arouse, inflame, excite" (a figurative use); literal sense of "set fire to" is
attested from late 14c., from fire (n.). The Old English verb fyrian "to supply with fire"
apparently did not survive into Middle English. Related: Fired; firing.

6. gelicost – means like.


"a similar thing" (to another), late Old English, from like (adj.). From c. 1300 as "an equal, a
match." The like "something similar" is from 1550s; the likes of is from 1630s.

7. leoht – means light.


"to shed light; to set on fire," late Old English lihtan (Anglian), liehtan (West Saxon),
originally transitive, "to ignite, set on fire," also in a spiritual sense, "to illuminate, fill with
brightness." It is common Germanic (cognates: Old Saxon liohtian, Old High
German liuhtan, German leuchten, Gothic liuhtjan "to light"), from the source of light (n.).

8. unfæger – means unfair.


Old English unfægr "unlovely, not beautiful, deformed, hideous, unlovable," from un- (1)
"not" + fair (adj.). Similar formation in Old Norse ufagr, Gothic unfagrs. Meaning "wicked,
evil, bad" is recorded from c. 1300. Sense of "not equitable, unjust" is first recorded 1713.
Related: Unfairly.

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