TEST I

1. Subject-matter of phonetics includes:

a) world-building, shift of stress, speech sounds and alliteration
b) Speech sounds, intonation, stress, syllable
c) Intonation, accent, homographs, onomatopoeia
d) Accent, speech sounds synonyms and syllables

2. Every speech sound has four aspects, they are:

a) Physiological, distributional, articulatory and structural
b) Compositional, auditory, articulatory and functional
c) Analytical, phrasemic, phonemic and auditory
d) Articulatory, acoustic, auditory and functional

3. The connection of phonetics with lexicology is displayed through:

a) alliteration
b) repetition
c) shift of stress
d) sound interchange

4. The linguistic phenomenon which connects phonetics with grammar is:

a) alliteration
b) repetition
c) shift of stress
d) sound interchange

5. Phonetics is closely connected with stylistics through:

a) alliteration
b) repetition
c) shift of stress
d) sound interchange

6. General classification of speech sounds does not include the following criterion:
a) the presence or absence of an articulatory obstruction
b) the duration of articulation
c) the concentrated or diffused character of muscular tension
d) the force of exhalation

7. The resonator mechanism consists of:

a) The pharynx, the larynx, the mouth cavity and the nasal cavity
b) The tongue, the vocal cords, the pharynx and the larynx
c) The lungs, the bronchi, the wind pipe and the glottis
d) The lungs, the teeth, the soft palate and the uvula

8. The organ of speech which cannot be characterized as active is:

a) Tongue
b) Lips
c) Teeth
d) Uvula

9. Work of the vocal cords, the force of exhalation, place of obstruction, type of obstruction and manner
of noise production are the main criteria for the classification of:
a) English vowels
b) English consonants
c) English sonorants
d) English semi-vowels

10. According to the vertical movements of the tongue English vowels are subdivided into:
a) High, mid, back
b) Front, middle, low
c) Front, central, low
d) High, mid, low

TEST 2
1. The literary English pronunciation is usually called:
a) General Received Pronunciation
b) Received Pronunciation
c) General Accepted Pronunciation
d) Standard Norm Pronunciation

2. The most widely spread regional types of AE pronunciation are:

a) the Eastern, the Southern and the General American types
b) the General American, the Eastern and the Western types
c) the General American, the Southern and the Middle Atlantic types
d) The General American, the Northern and the Southern types

3. In the Northern British dialects the word "love" is pronounced in the folowing way:
a) [lov]
b) [luv]
c) [I A v]
d) [la:v]

4. The familiar colloquial, formal colloquial, public-speaking and public-reading styles were suggested as
the four principal styles of "good-spoken" English by:
a) D.Crystal and D.Davy
b) L.V.Shcherba and R.Avanessov
c) D Jones
d) J.Kenyon

5 According to the AE pronunciation the word "tune" is uttered like this:

a) [tju:n]
b) [tu:n]
c) [tun]
d) [t\n]
6. The oldest of English tendencies is known as:
а) Recessive
b)Rhythmic
c)Primary
d)Secondary

7.The result of the mutual influence of Germanic &French accentual patterns is known as:
a)Rhythmic tendency
b)Recessive tendency
c)Primary tendency
d)Secondary tendency

8. How many groups of words have 2 primary stresses:

a) Five
b)One
c)Two
d)Three

9.A word or a group of words characterized by a certain intonation pattern is:

a)A sentence
b)An intonation pattern
c)An intonation group
d)Compound word

10.A process of alteration of speech sounds as a result of which one of sounds becomes similar to the
adjoining sound is:
a) Assimilation
b) Articulation
c) Aspiration
d) Reduction

TEST 3
1. According to the degree of noise consonants are divided into:
a)Two big classes
b)Three big classes
c)Four big classes
d)Five big classes

2. According to the manner of articulation consonants may be:

a)Occlusive, Constrictive, Affricates, Rolled
b)Occlusive, Constrictive
c)Occlusive-constrictive, Rolled
d)Occlusive, Constrictive

3. According to the place of articulation consonants may be:

a)Labial, Lingual, Glottal
b)Labial
c)Lingual
d)Glottal

4.Labial consonants made by:

a)Lips
b)Tongue
c)Larynx
d)Teeth

5.Lingual consonants are classified into:

a)Forelingual, mediolingual, backlingual
b)Forelingual, backlingual
c)Mediolingual, backlingual
d)Forelingual, mediolingual

6.Name the glottal consonant:

a)[ h ]
b)[ t ]
c)[ k ]
d)[ θ ]

7.A process of alteration of speech sounds as a result of which one of sounds becomes similar to the
adjoining sound is:
a)Assimilation
b)Articulation
c)Aspiration
d)Reduction

8.Name the right types of assimilation:

a)Direction, degree of completeness, degree of stability
b)Degree of completeness, degree of stability
c)Direction, degree of stability
d)Direction, degree of completeness

9.When some articulatory features of the following sound are changed under the influence of the
preceding sound, which remains unchanged assim8ilation is called:
a)Progressive
b)Regressive
c)Reciprocal
d)Incomplete

10.What kind of plosion is produced, when a plosive is followed by the syllabic [ n ] or [ m ] :

a)Lateral
b)Incomplete
c)Nasal
d)Lip

TEST 4
1.Made with air stream that meets no closure or narrowing in the mouth:
a)Vowels
b)Consonants
c)Sounds
d)Phonemes

2.How many changes notes the description of vowels:

a)Four
b)One
c)Two
d)Three

3.English vowels are divided into:

a)Monophthongs, diphthongs &diphthongoids
b)Monophthongs, diphthongs
c)Diphthongs &diphthongoids
d)Monophthongoids&diphthongoids

4.Vowels the articulation of which is almost unchanging are called:

a)Monophthongs
b)Diphthongs
c)Diphthongoids
d)Monophthongoids

5.In the pronunciation of this group of vowels the organs of speech glide from one vowel position to
another within one syllable:
a)Diphthongs
b)Monophthongs
c)Diphthongoids
d)Monophthongoids
6.When the articulation is slightly changing, this group of vowels pronounced:
a)Diphthongoids
b)Monophthongs
c)Diphthongs
d)Monophthongoids

7.What vowel is pronounced: when the tongue is in the front part of the mouth & the front part of it is
raised to the hard palate:
a)Front
b)Back
c)Central
d)Front-retracted

8.What vowel is pronounced: When the tongue is in the front part of the mouth but slightly retracted:
a)Front-retracted
b)Back
c)Central
d)Back-advanced

9.What vowel is pronounced: When the front of the tongue is raised towards the back part of the hard
palate:
a)Front-retracted
b)Back
c)Central
d0Back-advanced

10.What vowel is pronounced: When the tongue is in the back part of the mouth & the back of it is
raised towards the soft palate:
a)Back
b)Front
c)Central
d)Close

TEST 5
1. Made with air stream that meets no closure or narrowing in the mouth:
a)Vowels
b)Consonants
c)Sounds
d)Phonemes

2.How many changes notes the description of vowels:

a)Four
b)One
c)Two
d)Three

3.English vowels are divided into:

a)Monophthongs, diphthongs &diphthongoids
b)Monophthongs, diphthongs
c)Diphthongs &diphthongoids
d)Monophthongoids&diphthongoids

4.Vowels the articulation of which is almost unchanging are called:

a)Monophthongs
b)Diphthongs
c)Diphthongoids
d)Monophthongoids

5.In the pronunciation of this group of vowels the organs of speech glide from one vowel position to
another within one syllable:
a)Diphthongs
b)Monophthongs
c)Diphthongoids
d)Monophthongoids

6. The tendency to assimilate vowel change, account for modifications of … :

a) Consonants
b) Sounds
c) Diphthong
d) Vowel

7.According to the degree of noise consonants are divided into:

a)Two big classes
b)Three big classes
c)Four big classes
d)Five big classes

8.According to the manner of articulation consonants may be:

a)Occlusive, Constrictive, Affricates, Rolled
b)Occlusive, Constrictive
c)Occlusive-constrictive, Rolled
d)Occlusive, Constrictive

9.According to the place of articulation consonants may be:

a)Labial, Lingual, Glottal
b)Labial
c)Lingual
d)Glottal

10.Lingual consonants are classified into:

a)Forelingual, mediolingual, backlingual
b)Forelingual, backlingual
c)Mediolingual, backlingual
d)Forelingual, mediolingual
TEST 6

1. The types of speech sounds are:

a) Vowels, consonants
b) Sonorants, noise consonants
c) Language units, allophones
d) Phonemes, allophones

2. The position of the active organ of speech consonants may be:

a) Labial, lingual, glottal
b) Interdental, alveolar
c) Forelingual, labio-dental
d) Lingual, post- alveolar

3. Occlusive voiced consonants are:

a) b, d, g
b) c, z, k
c) b, t, k
d) t, g, b

4. Find the right answer: A mutation was palatalized:

a) Consonants
b) Vowels
c) Sounds
d) Syllables

5. Find the right answer: Final syllable had:

a) Weakened
b) Disappeared in words
c) Appeared
d) Missed

6.The tendency to assimilate vowel change, account for modifications of … :

a) Consonants
b) Sounds
c) Diphthong
d) Vowel

7. Choose the right one: The glide together with original monophthong formed:
a) Diphthongoid
b) Sounds
c) Diphthong
d) Vowel

8. Choose the right one: Breaking produced a set of:

a) Sounds
b) Words
c) Diphthong
d) Vowel

9. Sounds in English divided into:

a) Weak & miner
b) Strong & miner
c) Strong & short
d) Long & short

10. Choose the right one: Fricative consonants:

a) Voiced & voiceless
b) Voiced
c) Voiceless
d) Long & short

TEST 7
1.How many changes notes the description of vowels:
a)Four
b)One
c)Two
d)Three

2.What vowel is pronounced: When the front or the back of the tongue is raised high towards the palate:
a)Close
b)Front
c)Central
d)Back- advanced

3.What vowel is pronounced: When the front or the back of the tongue is as possible in the mouth:
a)Open
b)Front
c)Central
d)Mid

4.Words, which bear the major part of information, are generally stressed & called:
a)Content
b)Form
c)Strong
d)Weak

5.The other words in a sentence are mostly called:

a)Form
b)Strong
c)Weak
d)Nuclear

6.A speech unit consisting of a sound or a sound sequence one of which is heard to be more prominent
than the others, is called:
a)Syllable
b)Sound
c)Sonorant
d)Word

7.The most prominent sound being the peak or the nucleus of a syllable is called:
a)Syllabic
b)Nuclear
c)Vowel
d)Sonorant

8.One or more syllables of a polysyllabic word that have greater prominence than the others are said to
be:
a)Stressed
b)Unstressed
c)Half-stressed
d)Secondary

9.Name the linguistic functions:

a)Constitutive & Distinctive
b)Constitutive
c)Distinctive
d)Semantic

10.Name the degrees of word stress:

a)Primary, Secondary, Weak
b)Primary & Secondary
c)Weak
d)Secondary

TEST 8
1. According to the expiratory stress theory the strongest syllable is made more prominent by means of:
a) a more concentrated character of muscular tension
b) a stronger current of air
c) a wider closure between vocal cords
d) a more energetic work of active organs of speech

2. In the languages with dynamic word stress the latter is achieved by:
a) a greater force of articulation
b) variations in pitch level
c) means of different tone patterns
d) a longer pronunciation act

3. The rhythmic tendency of the English word stress confirms that:

a) stress falls on the second syllable from the end of the word
b) stress is totally free
c) stress falls on the third syllable from the end of the word
d) stress falls on the first and the third syllables in the word.

4. English stress can be qualified as:

a) free and dynamic
b) fixed and dynamic
c) free and tonic
d) fixed and tonic

5. Articulatory characteristics of a syllable are connected with:

a) the number of vowels and consonants in it
b) the place of articulation
c) sound juncture and the theories of syllable formation and syllable division
d) the type of its structure

6. The word "glad" according to the type of syllabic structure is:

a) fully closed (CVC type)
b) initially closed (CV type)
c) fully open (V type)
d) finally covered (VC type)

7. The sonority theory of syllabic division states that there are as many syllables in a word as:
a) there are sonorants in it
b) there are peaks of prominence in it
c) there are expiration pulses in it
d) there vowels in it

8. The expiratory theory of syllabic division states that there are as many syllables in a word
a) there are sonorants in it
b) there are peaks of prominence in it
c) there are expiration pulses in it
d) there are vowels in it

9. The word "busy" is divided into syllables in the following way:

a) bi-zi
b) biz-i
c) bizi
d) biz-zi

10. How many morphemes in the groups of words with 2 equally strong stresses:
a)Two morphemes
b) One morpheme
c) No morpheme
d) Three morphemes

TEST 9
1. Which words in a sentence are usually stressed?
a) content words
b) structure words
c) the first words
d) the last words

2. Which words carry little meaning but make a sentence grammatically correct?
a)content words
b)structure words
c) the first words
d) the last words

3. When speaking English, we try to create a rhythm in which the time between stressed words is
a) the same
b) different
c) noun
d) verb

4. Which is a list of content words?

a) they, should've, through
b) Donald's, eyes, small
c) she,he,they
d) table, desk,chair

5. Which are NOT usually stressed?

a) prepositions, articles, pronouns, conjunctions
b) nouns, main verbs, adjectives, adverbs
c) adjectives, adverbs,verbs, nouns
d) pronouns, personal pronouns,adjectives

6. Which is the normal neutral stress pattern?

a) If you CAN, CALL me in the MORNING.
b) If you can, call ME in the MORNING.
c) If You can, Call ME in the MORNING.
d) If you can, call me in the morning.

7. Which is the normal neutral stress pattern?

a) THEY went TO London to VISIT the QUEEN.
b) They WENT to LONDON to VISIT the QUEEN.
c) They went to london to VISIT the QUEEN.
d) They went to LONDON to VISIT the queen.

8. Which is the normal neutral stress pattern?

a) If we COOK, could you WASH the DISHES?
b) If WE cook, could YOU wash the dishes?
c) If WE cook, could you wash the Dishes?
d) If we cook, could you wash the dishes?

9. An exception to the rule: We can also stress structure words in order to _______ wrong information.
a) provide
b) correct
c) say
d)answer

10. Which stress pattern corrects this statement? "I'm sure they work for the police."
a) THEY don't, but WE do.
b) They don't, BUT we do.
c) They don't, but we do.
d) They don't, BUT We Do.

TEST 10
1.What term implies variations of pitch, force of utterance &tempo ?
a)Intonation
b)Sentence
c)Words
d)Intonation pattern

2. What are produced by significant moves of the voice up & down ?

a)Pitch
b)Force
c)Tempo
d)Loudness

3. What is a measured by the degree of loudness of syllables?

a)Force
b)Pitch
c)Tempo
d)Loudness

4. What is determined by the rate of speech & the length of pauses?

a)Tempo
b)Pitch
c)Force
d0Loudness

5. A word or a group of words characterized by a certain intonation pattern is:

a)A sentence
b)An intonation pattern
c)An intonation group
d)Compound word

6. What parts the intonation pattern consists of?

a)The pre-head, The head, the nucleus, the tail
b)The head, the nucleus
c)The head, the tail
d)The head, the nucleus, the tail

7. The changes of pitch that take place in the nucleus are called:
a)Nuclear tone
b)Terminal tone
c)Nuclear syllable
d)Pausation

8. The nucleus & the tail form:

a)Terminal tone
b)Nuclear tone
c)Nuclear syllable
d)Pausation

9. A special colouring of human voice:

a)Timbre
b)Force
c)Pitch
d)Tempo

10. How many pitch & stress groups you know?

a)Eight
b)Six
c)Nine
d) Ten

TEST 11
1. The last stressed syllable of the intonation pattern on which the pitch movement changes is called:
a) The nucleus+++
b) The pre-head
c) Head
d) The tail

2. Post nuclear unstressed or partially stressed syllables are called:

a) The tail +++
b) The pre-head
c) Head
d) The nucleus

3. An extremely flexible segment, which stretches from the first stressed syllable up to the nuclear tone is
called:
a) Head+++
b) The pre-head
c) The tail
d) The nucleus

4. Name the major groups of the head patterns:

a) Descending, ascending, level+++
b) Level, descending
c) Ascending, level
d) Descending, ascending

5. Unstressed or partially stressed syllables which precede the head are called:
a) Pre-head+++
b) Head
c) Tail
d) Nucleus

6. In short intonation groups, where there is no head & these syllables precede the nucleus, they are
called:
a) Pre- nucleus+++
b) Pre-head
c) Head
d) Nucleus

7. A speech unit consisting of a sound or a sound sequence one of which is heard to be more prominent
than the others, is called:
a)Syllable+++
b)Sound
c)Sonorant
d)Word

8. One or more syllables of a polysyllabic word that have greater prominence than the others are said to
be:
a)Stressed +++
b)Unstressed
c)Half-stressed
d)Secondary

9. Name the linguistic functions:

a)Constitutive & Distinctive+++
b)Constitutive
c)Distinctive
d)Semantic

10. Name the degrees of word stress:

a)Primary, Secondary, Weak+++
b)Primary & Secondary
c)Weak
d)Secondary

TEST 12
1. The information conveyed by a sentence is expressed by proper words, by grammar structures &… :
a) Intonation+++
b) Pitch
c) Force
d) Tempo

2. What kind of sentences consists of at least two sense-groups represented by a statement & a tag
questions:
a) Disjunctive questions+++
b) Special questions
c) General questions
d) Alternative questions

3. Allophones, which frequently occur in speech & differ quite obviously deserve our attention:
a) Subsidrary+++
b) Principal
c) General
d) Special

4. Name the major groups of the head patterns:

a) Descending, ascending, level+++
b) Level, descending
c) Ascending, level
d) Descending, ascending

5. Unstressed or partially stressed syllables which precede the head are called:
a) Pre-head+++
b) Head
c) Tail
d) Nucleus

6. Post nuclear unstressed or partially stressed syllables are called:

a) The tail +++
b) The pre-head
c) Head
d) The nucleus

7. The articulatory features, which are common to all allophones of the same phoneme & are capable of
differentiating the meaning are called:
a) Distinctive+++
b) Constrictive
c) Functional
d) Productive

8. Speech sounds are grouped into language units called:

a) Phonemes+++
b) Sounds
c) Vowels
d) Morphemes

9. If you want to sound soothing, encouraging or questioning what patters would you use in statements?
a)Low rise +++
b)Low fall
c)Low pre-head
d) Falling head

10. The changes of pitch that take place in the nucleus are called:
a)Nuclear tone+++
b)Terminal tone
c)Nuclear syllable
d)Pausation
TEST 13
1. Special phonetics deals with the study of …
a) Many languages
b) Two languages
c) One language+++
d) Three languages
2. General phonetics deals with the study of …
a) one language
b) kindred language
c) a number of languages+++
d) Three languages
3. What are the methods used in phonology?
a) Method of communicative and method of investigation+++
b) Statistical method and method of communicative
c)method of communicative
d)method of investigation
4. Who was the founder of phonology?
a) D. Jones
b) Baudouin de Courtenay+++
c) V.A. Vassilyev
d) M.A. Sokolov

5. What styles of pronunciation are given by L.V. Shcherba?

a) Rapid familiar style, slower, colloquial style
b) Natural style, acquired style
c) Full style, careful colloquial style, rapid familiar style+++
d) rapid familiar style
6. Which tendency that determines the place and the different degree of word- stress, results in placing
the word-stress on the initial syllable?
a) Recessive tendency
b) Rhythmic tendency
c) Retentive tendency
d) Semantic factor+++

7. Phonetic is an independent branch of:

a) Lexicology
b) Linguistics+++
c) Stylistics
d) Grammar

8. A syllable which begins in vowel sound is called:

a) Open
b) Closed
c) Covered
d) Uncovered+++

9. What functions does Intonation perform?

a) Identificatory, rhythmic and fixed
b) Constitute, distinctive and recognitive
c) Constitutive, recessive, retentive
d) Rhythmical and accentual+++

10. What branch of phonetics studies the functional aspect of speech sounds?
a) Physiological phonetics
b) Phonology+++
c) Acoustic phonetic
d) General phonetics
TEST 14
1. What are the main types of literary pronunciation in Britain?
a) General, eastern, southern
b) Southern, northern, eastern
c) Southern, northern, standard Scottish pronunciation+++
d) standard Scottish pronunciation

2. What are the main types of literary pronunciation in America?

a) Northern, general Scottish
b) Eastern, southern, general+++
c) Southern, northern, eastern
d) northern, eastern

3. What branch of phonetics studies the articulatory and auditory aspect of speech sounds?
a) General phonetics
b) Phonology
c) Acoustic phonetics
d) Physiological phonetics+++

4. The stress which serves to make especially prominent certain parts of the utterance called:
a) Syntactic
b) Hesitation
c) Syntagmatic
d) Emphatic+++
 5. Modification of consonants under the influence of vowels is called:
a) Accommodation+++
b) Assimilation
c) Lateral plosion
d) Elision

6. What type is the syllable “no”?

a) Covered, close
b) Covered, open+++
c) Uncovered, close
d) Uncovered, open

7. Speech is impossible without the following mechanisms:

a) The power and the vibrator mechanisms
b) The resonator and the obstructor mechanisms
c) Speech is impossible without all these mechanisms+++
d) Careless speech is possible without all these mechanisms

8. Where does the stress fall in the words “psychology, biologist”:

a) On the 3-d syllable from the end
b) On the 2-d syllable+++
c) On the 1-st syllable
d) On the last syllable

9. What is the oldest and the most developed branch of phonetics?

a) Physiological phonetics+++
b) Phonology
c) Acoustic phonetics
d) General phonetics

10. What intonational function manifests itself in the fact than each syllable in the sentence has a
certain pitch and can’t exist without it?
a) Constitutive function+++
b) Distinctive function
c) Recognitive function
d) Principal function
TEST 15
1. Pronunciation of a syllable in a word on different pitch levels and with different pitch directions is
called:
a) Dynamic+++
b) Quantitative
c) Qualitative
d) Musical

2. What is the unit of Phonetics?

a) A phoneme
b) An allophone
c) Minimal pairs
d) A distinctive speech sound+++

3. English, Russian, German languages are traditionally considered to belong to:

a) Dynamic+++
b) Musical
c) Qualitative
d) Quantitative
4. Correlative in the time of stressed and unstressed syllable in intonation group is:
a) Tempo
b) Melody
c) Timber
d) Rhythm+++

5. What is the oldest theory of syllable formation and syllable division?

a) Sonority theory
b) Muscular tension theory
c) Expiratory theory+++
d) The “are of loudness” theory

6. What is the unit of Phonology?

a) A sound
b) A morpheme
c) A phoneme+++
d) Syllable

7. What is Received Pronunciation?

a) English, spoken by foreign learners of the language
b) Standard English+++
c) English, spoken in the USA
d) Standard American

8. A special prominence given to one more syllable in a word is:

a) The pause
b) The rhythm
c) The melody
d) The stress+++

9. Phonetics studies:
a) Words and their semantic structure
b) Words and their relations in the sentence
c) Sounds and their various aspects and functions+++
d) Parts of speech
10. Publicistic, newspaper, scientific, official type are:
a) Voice tember
b) Melody
c) Components of intonation
d) Different styles+++