Jean Piaget The SENSORIMOTOR STAGE

-was a Swiss psychologist and genetic epistemologist. You may have

heard of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Today, Jean Piaget is best known for his research on children's
cognitive development. Piaget studied the intellectual development
of his own three children and created a theory that described the
stages that children pass through in the development of intelligence
and formal thought processes.
Cognitive development occurs through the interaction of innate
capacities (nature) and environmental events (nurture), and children
pass through a series of stages.
The four stages of Piaget's theory are as follows: 4 the permanence of objects and that they will still exist
 Sensorimotor stage: The first stage of development lasts
from birth to approximately age 2. At this point in
development, children know the world primarily through
their senses and movements.
 Preoperational stage: The second stage of development
lasts from the ages of 2 to 7 and is characterized by the
development of language and the emergence of symbolic
play.
 Concrete operational stage: The third stage of cognitive
development lasts from the age of 7 to approximately age 11.
At this point, logical thought emerges, but children still
struggle with abstract and theoretical thinking.
 Formal operational stage: In the fourth and final stage of
cognitive development, lasting from age 12 and into
adulthood, children become much more adept at abstract
thought and deductive reasoning.
-The first stage of the cognitive development theory is the
sensorimotor stage. During this stage, the infant or the baby focuses
on physical sensations and on learning to coordinate their body.
-In this stage they are learning about the world through their senses
and their actions.
-There are many range of cognitive abilities that develop in this
stage. Mainly object permanence (yung alam nil ana may isang
object or tao na exist kahit na hidden) and self recognition (when a
child recognize that other people are far from them)
 -At about 8 months in this stage, the infant will understand
even if they can’t see them and the infant will search for
them when they disappear.
The PREOPERATIONAL STAGE
- Piaget’s second stage of intellectual development is the
preoperational stage. It takes place between 2 and 7 years. At
the beginning of this stage the child does not use operations,
so the thinking is influenced by the way things appear rather
than logical reasoning.
- During this stage, young children can think about things
symbolically. Infants at this stage also demonstrate animism
(all living things have a soul) This is the tendency for the
child to think that non-living objects (such as toys) have life
and feelings like a person’s.

The sequence of the stages is universal across cultures and follows

the same invariant (unchanging) order.
The CONCRETE OPERATIONAL STAGE
-By the beginning of the concrete operational stage, the child can use
operations (a set of logical rules) so she can conserve quantities, she
realizes that people see the world in a different way than he does
(decentring) and he has improved in inclusion tasks. Children still
have difficulties with abstract thinking.
-During this stage, children begin to think logically about concrete
events. A children at this stage starts to understand the concept of
conservation, that other things maychange in appearance but certain
properties remains the same.
-At this stage, children also become less egocentric and begin tothink
about how other people might feel.