Glomerulonephritis

It is a common disease in human , but it very rare in animals ,

but proliferative glomerulonephritis recorded in sheep , cattle ,
goat only .

 Etiology :
1 – In human : Hypersensitivity to streptococcal protein
2 – Inherited glomerulorephritis : This case recorded in
Filandian lambs under 4th months age .
The causes to precipitate the immune complexes ( absorption
from clostrum ) in walls of glomeruloarterioles caused
mesangiocapillary glomeruloitis

 Clinical signs :
1 – Sudden death
2 – Bradycardia
3 – Odema in conjunctive and nystagmus
4 – Muscular convulsions , walking in circle
5 – Palpation to kidney appear enlargement kidney and painful
with palpation

 Necropsy finding :
Enlargement of kidney , pale in colour and spot on kidney
surface as Flea – bite

 Clinical pathology :
a - BUN b- in Hyperphosphataemia level and Ca in
blood .
 Interstitial nephritis
A common disease in animals especially in dogs and cats

A disease either :
a – Focal ( white spotted kidney ) without apparent clinical signs
and diagnosed by P . M . only.
b – Diffuse interstitial nephritis
Cause : - Leptospirosis
Clinically character by : -
1 – Gradual polyuria
2 - in specific gravity of urine
3 – Ureamia
4 -Death

Embolic nephritis

 Etiology :
Infection of kidney occur after septicemia or bacteraemia
which accompanied with loadge of organisms in renal tissue
as after : -
1 – valvular endocarditis 2 – shigellosis in foals
3 – Erysiples in pig . 4 – strangles in horse
5 – Metastatic infection in cattle from metritis , mastitis .
  Pathogenesis
Germ cells localized in renal tissue

Embolic suppurative lesion

The lesion disseminated and become

difuse

Blockage small Blood vessel

Toxaemia and
gradual lost of renal Infarction
functions

Acutely ischaemic in kidney

(region of blockage )

Clinical finding :
1 – Signs of toxaemia
2 – Rectal exam enlargement of kidney
3 – Abdominal pain in large kidney infarction
4 – Infection spread to pelvis pyelonephritis

Clinical pathology :
1 – Pyuria 2 – Hematurea 3 – Proteinurea 4 –
Culturing of specimens lead to detected a causative agent
  Necropsy finding :
In first stage of disease :
Suppurative lesions as brownish spots on renal cortex

In final stage :-
Lesions become as large abscess in renal cortex , some times
these lesions united with others and extend to renal pelvis .
Healing of lesion in cortex consist a scar tissue with low surface
with general smallest size of kidney .

D.D.
1- pyelonephritis
2 – Acute intestinal obstruction ( acute pain )
In this case change in defecation .

Treatment :
1 – Broad spectrum antibiotic depend on result of antibiotic
sensitivity test for the isolated germs . Dose give for 7 – 10 days
2 – sulphonamide drugs .
3 – prefer culturing urine sample after finish treatment .