DETAILED LESSON PLAN

SCIENCE V
I. OBJECTIVE
At the end of the lesson the pupils are expected to:
a. describe how rocks turn into soil
II. SUBJECT MATTER
How rocks turn into soil.
III. MATERIALS/REFERENCES
PowerPoint, Chalk, Blackboard, Pictures
IV. PROCEDURE
TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES PUPILS’ ACTIVITIES
A. PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES
1. PRAYER
Let us all stand and let us pray In the name of the father, and the son, and the
holy spirit, Amen.In the name of the father,
2. Greetings and the son, and the holy spirit, Amen.
Good morning, everyone.
Good morning, sir.Good morning, sir.
3. Checking of attendance
Is everyone present?
Yes/No, sirYes/No, sir
4. Review
What was our topic last meeting?

5. Setting of standards.
Before we proceed. Did you
remembered what u said last meeting.
To avoid interrupting while we discuss?

Keep quiet.Keep quiet.

Listen carefully.Listen carefully.
Sit properly.Sit properly.
B. MOTIVATION Don’t talk if someone is reading or
I have here words that is blank and to reciting.Don’t talk if someone is reading or
complete the missing letter, I will show reciting.
its definition
These are small pieces of rocks caused by
weathering that cover the land part of the
earth
 It is a type of soil wade up of very fine
particles of rocks.it holds much water and
is sticky when wet. Soil.Soil.
It is a type of soil which particles are coarse
and loose

It is a mixture of sand and clay that Clay.Clay.

contains large amount of decayed plants
and animals
Sand. Sand.
It is the uppermost layer of soil rich in
organic materials and minerals needed for
plant growth
Loam.Loam.
It il located just below the topsoil. It is
composed of loosely arranged rocks, sand
and clay
Topsoil.Topsoil.
It is the lowest of all layers and is made up
of undisputed large boulders and gravel.

Very good in finding its missing letter!

Subsoil.Subsoil.
C. Presentation of the lesson.

Soil is formed by the combination of physical, Bedrock. Bedrock.

chemical, and biological process in which huge
rocks are broken down into smaller pieces over a
long period of time.

Over many years rocks were broken down into

smaller pieces in a process called weathering.

Mechanical and Chemical

Mechanical weathering
It only brings about phys. Change

It is the braking down of rocks caused by different

factors such as temperature, water, wind, plants,
animals, and humans

no chemical change takes place.

Also called physical weathering

Chemical weathering
It breaks down rocks by changing their chemical
composition.
It is the breaking down of rocks when oxy attacks
the iron in rocks

It I the breaking down of rocks when carbon

dioxide and water form carbonic acid that dissolves
rocks.

D. SPRINGBOARD
Using this Venn Diagram let us try to find it
differences and similarities.

E. DISCUSSION AND ABSTRACTION

Rocks are hard and solid they continuously break

into small pieces. And what it is called again?

Different . factors act constantly making rocks break

into soil
These facts. Include:
Temp, air water, and living organisms. In
weathering the rock may just crumble down into
smaller pieces or it may produce some other new
substances.
Weathering.Weathering.
TEMPERATURE- surface rocks is heated by the sun.
During the day, the rock expands. At night, the
rocks cools and contrast cause the rock to crack and
break apart

Water- water can break rocks in different ways. The

strong waves that hit the rocks can make them
break. It can seep into the cracks of the rocks.
When it gets colder, water turns into ice and
expands that can trigger rocks to break as well

Wind- as the wind blows it carries sand or small

rock particles that scratch the rocks surfaces. This
can bring about mechanical weathering which can
also result to different rock formation.

Plants- Roots may grow between the cracks of

rocks. As the roots grow the crack become deep
and wide causing the rock to break into pieces.

Animals- animals lived underground also

contribute to weathering burrowing animals such
as rabbits moles and badgers dig deeper, they
cause rocks to break into piece

Humans- humans also cause breaking of rocks.

Some construction workers uses jackhammers to
break boulders of rocks as they build houses and
repair roads. They also extract stones or rocks from
a quarry.

Chemical weathering is the breakdowns of rocks by

changing its chemical composition. It results to
both physical and chemical changes. It gives iron-
rich rocks a rusty-colored surface which weakens
the rock. Also, when carbon dioxide in air combines
with water , they form carbonic acid. This acid
attacks and dissolves mineral called calcite. Rocks
made up of calcite such as limestone, sandstone
and marble can be broken down this way.

F. PRACTICE
Exercise 1.
Write MW if the is statement is mechanical
weathering and CW if it is chemical
weathering.
1. Cracks on the rocks are caused by cooling.
2. Water freezes inside small holes in rock causing
the rock to split up.
3. Breaking of rocks caused by acid rain.
4. Tree roots grow into the rocks breaking it into
soil.
5. Combination of oxygen and iron can break
cement statues.
6. Strong waves hit the rocks causing it to break.
7. Chemical reactions wash away the surface of the
rock
8. Heated rock expand causing it to exert pressure
on each other
9. Rabbits dig holes.
10. Iron reacts with oxygen and water making the
rock rusty-colored and crumbly or easy to break.

Exercise 2.
Matching type.
1. this acids attacks and A. Burrowing
dissolves minerals animals
called calcite. B. Carbonic acid
2. it is formed from C. Chemical
weathering of rock. weathering
3. In this weathering D. Humans
process, only the E. Mechanical
physical appearance of weathering
rocks changes. F. Minerals
4.It is the process of G. Plants
breaking down of rocks H. Soil
into smaller pieces. I. Temperature
5.It is the process where J. Water
changes in the chemical K. weathering
composition of rocks
takes place.
6.they live underground
and contributes to
weathering by
burrowing and digging.
7.when it gets colder, it
turns into ice, expands,
and can trigger rocks to
break
8. it contributes to the
expansion and
contraction of rocks.
9.they contribute to the
weathering by using
jackhammer to extract
stones.
10.these living organism
grow between cracks of
rocks causing the rocks
to break into pieces.

V. GENERALIZATION
What have we learned today? How rocks turn into soil.

What are the 2 types of weathering Mechanical and chemical.

VI. EVALUATION.
Fill in the blank to complete the concept about on how rocks turn into soil.
Choose your answers inside the ribbon.
Weathering is the breaking of rocks into________1. Through the process called________2. That
brings only physical change by the factors. ___________3, __________4, _______5,______6, -
________7, _______8.
Another process is called________9, that changes the composition of rocks when carbon
dioxide combines with water to form________10.

Animals
Carbonic acid
Chemical weathering
Humans
Mechanical weathering
Minerals
Plants
Soil
Temperature
Water
Wind

VII. ASSIGNMENT

At your house try to pour a vinegar to a piece of chalk and write what happened on
your science notebook.