ALCORCON ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER Cebu Main: 4 floor Coast Pacific Downtown Center, Sanciangko St, Cebu City Tel #(032) 254-33-84 Manila: 3 floor JPD Bldg 1955, C M Recto comer N. Reyes St, Sampaloc, Manila Tel # (02) 736-4438 MACHINE DESIGN - DAY 4 | HELICAL GEARS HELICAL GEAR NOMENCLATURE. Meshing helical gears: "oy ormalpione a c Dimetraione by ” . rae From the figure: ¥ Py Normal plane Diametral plane P, Pe DP oP. 4. cosy= Pn p= Fe 2, DP = cosy = eR cos ¥ sy OY" Op 3, tangy = pa Nin = tanh cos? 4 Relation of Forces: Where: F = radial load Fe = axial load tangential load Fy, = total load5, Power = FiV 6. Fe = Fitany 7. Fi, = Fitand 8. yah eRe HAE i ty(_ 78 Strength of Helical Gears r= SwfY) P i7a+iV, F = 2P, whore: P, = axial pitch = Pea (sin¥) Dynamic Load on Helical Gears f+ 2.05V(G' osv + \cteos* y+ where V = pitch ine velocity = DN, fpm = helix angle P. = circular pitch y, Pa, = normal circular pitch 5 07 prose ang §Sfhcat presse angle Piscean bP “aaa pth ral dara ich Tunbor toot Vial uber of toh tanta bod on evil number fteth fe] fe wating soe pe factor copendent pon machining eros shine vba, fom I. WORM GEARS Where: lead angle of the worm linear pitch of the worm, icular pitch of the gear = pitch diameter of the worn D =pitch diameter of the gear Worm gears are used where high-speed ratios (10:1) and above are desired,WORM GEAR NOMENCLATURE 1. Linear pitch, p = distance between adjacent threads 2. Pe = circular pitch of the gear P, = = =8 3, Pitch of worm ircular pitch of gear p 4, Speed raio = Nw. __Ta_ Nj _ Number of threadson worm Note: No.of threads on the worm is equal to 1 fr single teaded and 2 for double threaded. 5. Tangential velocity of worm, Yt = T1Dy Nw 6. Linear velocty of worm, Wyo = Nw Lk 7. Tangential velocity of gear, Vg = D5 Ny 8. But: Vic Vy, therefore Ny L = 7D, Ny 8. Lead, L- the distance from any point on one throad tothe corresponding point on tho noxt tum of the same thread. Lead angle - the angle between the tangent to the pitch helix and the plane of rotation. Lead, L= p (for single thread) = 2p (for double thread) = 3p (for triple thread) 40, Center Distance, C Pus? e pitch diameter ofthe worm pitch diameter of the gear speed of gear speed of worm number of teeth of worm tangential velocity of worm vas = linear velocity of worm 1umber of teeth of gear tangential velocity of gear 11. Relation of angles: For one revolution of the worm: where: x = lead angle of worm 4 = pressure anglo (b= faceangle (usually 60°) ‘n= normal pressure angle = 14.5°ifnot given = helix angle of worm Note: lead angle of worm = helix angle of gear12, 13, 14, 18, 16, 17. 18, tan x(c08 6, ~f tan x) Eficiency of Worm gear: e= * s (0086, ane To maximize efficiency, tanx= Vie? —f Power transmitted: Py = power of worm = 211 Tw Nw = Wives P; = power of gear = 211TpNy = Pw © = Fivy Tangential force on worm, We Tw=W4(Dy/2) or Wy ‘Tangential load on gear, F, Ty=Fil0,/2) or A Fi (sin bn) [OSG cosx-fsinx Total Force of resultant force: F, = yF2+W?e +S? ‘Strength of Worm Gear ‘Separation Load, S: $= Free body diagram: 908 008 x-f sin ‘cos psinxfoosx Note: The worm gear is weaker than the worm, therefore the design for strength is based on the worm gear. Tangential Load on the gear, Fy = where: safe stress, Table 12-2 1 face wiath Y = form factor, Table 11-2 V = pitch ine velocity ofthe gear, fpm DP = diametral pitch f= facowieth = Du+2add 2 Note: add = addendum tangential pitch ine load on the gear DP) Swf¥/_1200 72002V,I, BEVEL GEAR q CSF = Bevel Gears - are used to connect intersecting shafts, usually at right angle, 41. Number of testh and Speed relation —T)Ni = Ta Ne 2. Speed and Diameter relation: Dy Ns = De Ne 3. Angle between shafts, 8 =a, +45 where: a, itch angle ofthe pinion pitch angle ofthe gear 4. Speed and Angle relation: Np it ag = Npsin a, 5. Angle of Gear: tana, 6. Angle of Pinion: tan ay A tangy 8. 7. Face Angle A Face angle of Gear, py k Po = % * Oe ‘Addendum (2sina) where: tana, 5 0, B, Face angle of Pinion p,: fy = ap + ag where: tana, enum (2sinap) 78 Cutting Angle: A. Cutting angle of Gear: By = ay ~ 0g \ Dedendum (2sina) where: taney => B, Cutting angle of Pinion p,: lp = ap - cg ded Dadendum (sing D> 9. Power Transmitted: P= 2mTN 10, Torque transmitted by bevel gear: T=FiR)=F 0p/2) 11. Dynamic Load on Gear: aq A. Tangential Force, Fi, pail 9 Feo, B, Radial Force, Fy F; =F, tangy cosa, . Axial Force, Fe F, =F; tangy sing D. Resultant Force, Fy F 412, Strength of Gear Teeth Sel), ¢, ] 7 pe | tae a Where: Ss = working stress 1° face width DP dameta pitch Y= torn factor = pitch line velocity U = distance tom fe point of shatsaxsinfersecton tothe outermost point of contact of gear.PROBLEMS: WORM GEAR, HELICAL AND BEVEL GEAR 1. Abelical gear a 14 % deg normal pressure angle and transverse diameter pitch of 2.3622 per em. The helix angle is at 45° and has 8 teeth. Compute the transverse pressure angle in degrees. A222 B. 19.3° c. 189° D. 20.1° 2. Aparallel helical gear-set consists of a 19-tooth pinion driving a S7-tooth gear. The pinion has a left-hand helix of 20°, a normal pressure angle of 14 % deg and a normal diametral pitch of 10 toothvinch. If the pinion isto transmit 50 Hp at a speed of 1750 rpm, determine the centar distance of the two gears. A. 2.02 inches B. 6.06 inches C. 4.04 inches D. 2.08 inches 3. Atriple thread worm has a pitch diameter of 3 inches. The whee! has 25 teeth and a pitch diameter of § inches. Material for both the worm and the wheel is of phosphor bronze. Compute the helix angle ‘A020 B. 0.30 ©. 040 D. 14 4, Adouble threaded right-handed worm gear transmits 15 HP at 1150 rpm. The pitch of the worm is 0.75 the Coefficient of friction is 0.12. Find the separating force in pounds. A. 504 Ibs. B. 501 Ibs ©. 407 Ibs D. 5091 Ibs 5, 20° straightooth bevel pinion having 14 teeth and a diametral pitch of 6 toothiinch drives a 42-tooth gear. The two shafls are at right angles and in the same plane, Find the pitch angle ofthe pinion, A 184° B. 20° c 14.5° D. 20.6"