ALCORCON ENGINEERING REVIEW CENTER Cebu Main: 4 floor Coast Pacific Downtown Center, Sanciangko St, Cebu City Tel #(032) 254-33-84 Manila: 3¥ floor JPD Bldg 1955, C M Recto comer N. Reyes St, Sampaloc, Manila Tel # (02) 736-4438 MACHINE DESIGN - DAY 5 I. ROLLER CHAIN AND SPROCKET Link plate | p roller bushing Roller chain and sprockets are used in transmiting power from one shaft to another shaft that are parallel, It could be single or multiple strand, ‘A. Roller Chain Designation: RCXY RC means Roller Chain X means one or two-digit no. that shows the number 1/8" in the chain pitch, Y means (Y = 0 for chains of usual proportion, Y = 1 for lightweight chain, Y = § for rollerless bushing chains. Example: RC40 has X |, therefore the pitch p = 4/8 = % inch, Estimation Formula forthe Chain Pre. p02) nh whore B= pen, N= specs ©. Sprocket Teeth in terms of Sprocket Bore: 41, For RC with pitches up to 1 inch rare 2. For RC with pitches 1 "to 2% 3, Fora silent chain where: 4 P bore, inches pitchFORMULAS: 1. 8 = angle between two adjacent teeth of sprocket 2. Pitch diameter,D Dp 3, Pitchline velocity, vv = DN = p(tyN) Where: p= pitch N = speed d= pitch diameter of smaller sprocket pitch diameter of larger sprocket numberof teeth of larger sprocket number of teeth of smaller sprocket ‘angle between two adjacent teeth of sprocket D ° t e 4, Powertransmitted, PP = Fv P=2mTN Where: F = force 2 5, Length of Chain, Lin pitches L=2c+T+t (1-0 2 40c Where: © = center distance, in pitches Bla.—t-t+ (ac -08T 1 | 6, Conter Distance, © 7. Average good center distance (Standard) C=D+E, inches O12) stehes 8. Horsepower Capacity of Roller Chain A. Based on link plate fatigue strength. ap strand = 0,004 (T,)"2(N,)(p)}°-007) v v_) B. Silent Chain BN); heft with =F taper =a) Wiath of chain, b = Design ho inpvinch of widthI. BELTS FLAT BELT 1. For Open Belt Connection: [> 2 B. Belt length: L= 4.57(D, 4D,) 261 ©. Angle of contact: 0 = 4 2sin? (5%) radians 2-0, 6 =e De=Pr agi St radians Note: Use + sign for larger pulley Use - sign for smaller pulley 2. For Crossed Belt Connection A. Pulley diameter and speed relation: DyNi= D3 Nz a cot.angt: SEED SERCO ac : where: L = length of belt diameter of smaller pulley Giamotor of arger pulley R = radius of larger pulley. £ 1 = radius of smaller pulley 4 = are of contact, radians © = center distance C. Angle of contact 1+ (Bo+R Dp+D, 0 = x + 2sint (R2+R1) radians 0 = n+ 22*Dr radians (ee) S 3, Bek Tension A. If Centrifugal Tension is NEGLECTED, 1 = of tension in tight side tension in slack side ‘coefficient of friction ‘are of contact, rad where: F Fe f o= ‘The maximum tension on beltis: Fi = Frax = Se(61) where: Sj= belts design stress = 400 e, psi {= joint efficiency (1.0 for cemented joint, 0.88 for wirelace ends, 0.35 ends joined by metal hooked)8. If Centrifugal Tension is CONSIDERED, Fa Fe Where: Fe = contrifugal tension = bolt weight, bin? bolt wiath, in bolt thickness, in v= ball velocity, fsec A2wbtvig . Net belt pull (tangential force on pulley), FF = Fi = Fe Fi D. Strossin Bett: Sy = FL br where: Sq = working stress E. Power Transmitted and Torque Relation by Belt 300 psi for leather belts T= (FoF) = Fxr P = 2nTN, Kw where: P = power, KW T = torque, KN-m N= speed, rps F. Horsepower transmitted and stress relation Fy p= hp where: Fy and Fe — {——— inches Ib per in’ 32.211) power, HP of ** [Smal 550(P)i, V-BELT 2 A. BoltLength L = 157(0+4)+20+ (O=d)* B, Center Distance © ©. Arc of contact on small sheave @ ae LL = pitch length of belt C= center distance pitch diameter pitch diameter of large sheave AL = 6.28(0 +d) D q » IV. BEARINGS FORMULAS: A. Units of Viscosity: 1 reyn = 1 besec i? B. Sliding Bearings: Ce = diametral clearance = D-d D-d D where: p = unitloading or bearing pressure = F/LD © = ecconticity © = radial distance betwaen conor of bearing andthe clapaced coner of the ural D = diameter (ore) of ie baring d= ameter of he journal L = axial ong of the joural inside the bearing F = rea oad Bearing Modus =U] where: u-=viscosiyinreyns = speedin ps p = unit loading, psi PD. Frictional torque in bearings (Vallance p 231) Ty = Ff, Di2 4un?rLng C, viscosity, reyns (Fig. AF 16, p 595) axial length of bearing, in = radial clearance, in Petrof's equation for frictional torque (Faires p 302) Ty where: Ty = frictional torque, intb u 1 = journal radius, in L 1, = joumal speed, rps & Heat dissipation in journal bearings (Valiance p 240) H SxLD 778 where: heat dissipated in Btu/min heat dissipation coefficient, of projected area, felbsimin-in? length of bearing, in D = diameter of pearing, in E, Ball and Roller Bearings 41. Bearing Sizes and Designation Example of bearing designation: SAE or IS 314 is 300 series, No.14 2, Tabulated data on ball and roller bearings: Vallance: Table 9-2 p 206 3, Bearing Capacity based on stresses (Vallance p 205) = kno? 5 (forbalibearings) Fe ‘ae (for roller bearings) where: total radial load, bs n= number of balls or rollers D = ball dameter or roller diameter, in L = length of rollers, in P £550 for unhardened steel = 700 for hardened carbon stee! = 1000 for hardened allay steel on flat races 1500 for hardened carbon steel 2000 for hardened alloy steal on grooved races ‘7000 for hardened carbon stee! 10,000 for hardened alloy steel 4, Radial Load Catalog Capaciias of Ball and Roller Bearings (Vallance: pp 207-213) 5, Tabulated catalog capacites of ball and roller bearings: Table 9 p212and Table 9-8, p 213, Fe = (Kaki}ko ko Ke ke Fr where: Catalog rating of bearing, lb (fables 9-7 and 9-8) actual radial load on the bearing, Ib Hy = desired if of bearing, hrs of use H. = catalog rated life of bearing, hr ks = application factor taking into account the amount of shock (Table 9-4) ke = oscillation factor ke he life factor 4.0 for constant rotational speed of the races 0.67 for sinusoidal oscilations of the races ig = preloading factor = 1.0 for non-preloaded ball bearings and straight roller bearings ke = rotational factor = 1.0 for bearings with fixed outer races and rotating inner races kat = reliability factor, Table 9-3 ke "n k, = thrust factor = 1.0 if there is no thrustoad component the speed factorPROBLEMS: ROLLER CHAIN AND SPROCKETS 1. A chain and sprocket has 18 teeth with chain pitch of 1/2 in. Find the pitch diameter of sprocket. ‘8.0879 in B. 1.879 in ©. 2.879 in D. 3.879 in 2, Ad inches diameter shaft is driven at 3600 rpm by a 400 HP motor, The shaft drives a 48 inches diameter chain sprocket and having an output efficiency of 85%. The output force of the driving sprocket and the output of the riven sprocket are! ‘A. 200 lb and 250 HP B. 261.8 lb and 300 HP (©. 291.66 lb and 340 HP D. none of the above 3, An 18 teeth sprocket driving with 98 teeth sprocket at a center distance of 34 pitches. Find the chain length in pitches, A131 B. 136 ©. 140 D. 142 BELTS 1. Apulley has an effective belt pul of 3 KN and an angle of belt contact of 160 degrees. The working stress of belt is 2 Mpa. Determine the thickness of bet to be used if width is 350 mm and coefficient of ttition is 0.32, A 642mm B. 7.26 mm ©. 868mm D. 9.47 mm 2. AJB inch flat belt is 12 inches wide and is used on 24 inches diameter pulley rotating at 600 rpm. The specific ‘weight of belts 0.035 Ib/in?. The angle of contact is 150 degrees. If coefficient of friction is 0.3 and stress is 300 Psi, how much power can it deliver? A. 65.4 Hp B. 69.5 Hp ©. 60.5 Hp D. 63.5 Hp 3. Determine the angle of contact of smaller pulley and belt length of an open belt to connect the 6 cm and 12 em diameter pulley at a center distance of 72 cm. BEARING 41. ‘The main bearings of an engine are 152 mm diameter and 280 mm long and supports a load of 4400 kg midway between the bearings. Find the bearing pressure in Kpa. A 101 B. 705 ©. 507 D. 1014 2. Abearing whose shaft rotates at 500 rpm, has friction loss of 15 KW. The bearing load is 30 KN and friction of 0.14. Find the bearing diameter. ‘A. 136.42 mm B. 146.42 mm ©. 156.42 mm D. 166.42 mm 3, Abearing has a per unit load of 550 Kpa. The load on beating is 20 KN and ithas a diametral ratio of 0.0012. If iametral clearance is 0.120 mm, find the length of journal A. 163.63 mm B. 263.63 mm ©. 363.63 mm D. 463.63 mm