P1. A confined aquifer is shown in Figure SM-01. This aquifer has a source of recharge located as shown.

The hydraulic conductivity of

the aquifer is 35 m/day with a porosity of 25%. The piezometric (head) surface in the two observation wells 1000 m apart are at elevation
75 m and 65 m. respectively from the common datum, the aquifer has an average thickness of 4 m and an average width of 4 km.
a) Determine the nearest value to the rate of flow of water through the aquifer, in cubic meters per day.
b) Determine the nearest value of the seepage velocity in m/day.
c) Determine the nearest value of the time of travel from the head of aquifer to a point 4 km downstream, in days.
P2. The permeameter in a falling head permeability test setup involves a cylindrical soil sample 50 mm in diameter and a height 200
mm. The hydraulic head in the 10-mm diameter standpipe through which test water passed dropped from 900 mm to 500 mm in one-
minute of observation. In that duration, the water collected in the graduate was recorded at 1.5 liters. Evaluate the coefficient of
permeability of the soil sample in cm/s.
P3. A stratified soil consist of the following layers:
Layer 1: Thickness, H1 = 4cm, k1 = 3x10-4 cm/s
Layer 2: Thickness, H2 = 5cm, k2 = 2x10-5 cm/s
Layer 3: Thickness, H3 = 3cm, k3 = 3x10-3 cm/s
Layer 4: Thickness, H4 = 3cm, k4 = 3x10-3 cm/s

a) Evaluate the equivalent coefficient of permeability for flow in the horizontal direction, in cm/s.
b) Obtain the rate of flow per meter width of the deposit, in cubic centimeters per second if the hydraulic gradient for the soil is
0.70
c) Evaluate the discharge of the aquifer in cubic meters per day.
P4. A soil sample 10 cm in diameter is placed in a tube 1 m long. A constant supply of water is allowed to flow into one end of the soil
at A and the outflow at B is collected by a beaker, as shown in Figure SM-02. The average amount of water collected is 1 cc for every
10 seconds. The tube is inclined as shown.
a) Determine the average velocity of flow through the soil in cm/s.
b) Determine the seepage velocity (velocity through the void spaces) in cm/s.
c) Determine the coefficient of permeability of the soil in cm/s.
P5. Given the stratified soil shown in Figure SM-03. The properties of each soil are as follows: Assume 1 meter width of soil.
Coefficient of permeability:
k1 = 6.25 cm/hr, k2 = 5.75 cm/hr, k3 = 4.50 cm/hr
k4 = 0.50 cm/hr, k5 = 8.15 cm/hr, k6 = 3.60 cm/hr
Thickness:
H = 1.20 m , H1 = 0.30 m
H2 = 0.50 m , H3 = 0.40 m
Length:
For k1: L1 = 0.8 m , For k2: L2 = 0.7 m , For k3,k4,k5: L3 = 1.5 m , For k6: L6 = 0.9 m
a) Determine the total flow per meter.
b) Determine the equivalent coefficient of permeability.
P6. A test set-up as shown in Figure SM-04. A cylindrical mold 4" in diameter is filled with silt to height H1 = 0.2 ft, whose coefficient of
permeability k1 = 3.6x10-4 ft/min.
A second coaxial mold is placed on top of the first mold whose inside diameter is d = 1.5" and whose height is H2 = 0.3 ft. Its thickness
is negligible. The inside of this second mold is filled with the same silt, but the annular ring outside the small tube and outer tube is
filled with sand whose coefficient of permeability is k2 = 2.7x10-3 ft/min.
The test set-up is a permeameter of constant head. Water is placed in the mold and maintained at a level h = 1.25 ft above the level of
the outlet. It may be considered that the system consists of a fictitious soil of thickness H = H1 + H2 and coefficient of permeability kf.
a) What is the total flow of water in ft/min?
b) What is the equivalent coefficient of permeability, kf, in ft/min?
c) What is the total amount of water that percolated after 55 minutes.
P7. After 24 hours of pumping at 50 L/s, the water level in an observation well at 100 m from the test well is lowered 0.5m. At another
observation well 50m located from the test well, the water level dropped by 1.0m. Initial height of water from the test well is 27 m.
a) Estimate the rate of flow (cu.m/day).
b) Evaluate the coefficient of permeability (m/day).
P8. After 24 hours of pumping at 50 L/s, the water level in an observation well at 100 m from the test well is lowered 0.5m. At another
observation well 50m located from the test well, the water level dropped by 1.0m. Thickness of the confined aquifer is 3.5m. Initial
height of water from the test well is 27m.
a) Evaluate the coefficient of permeability (m/day).
b) Compute the transmissivity (m2/day).

FIGURES:

RECHARGE

El. 75m

El. 65m

AQUIFER

FIGURE SM-01

SM-01
 1m
1m

A
Soil, e = 0.6
B

1m

0.8 m

FIGURE SM-02

SM-02
WATER IN

Filter Filter

H1 k3

k1 k2 k6
H H2 k4

H3 k5
FIGURE SM-03

SM-03
 D

d
WATER

SAND
h

H2
H

SILT
FIGURE SM-04
H1

SM-04