Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-Hyderabad Campus

CHE F242: Fluid Mechanics

Comprehensive Examination: I-Semester 2017-2018;
[01/12/2017; 2 -5pm; Open Book 40 Marks]
Answer the following questions [Time: 100 min]

Q1) Fluid Statics

A) A tank shown in the figure below is closed B) A Cylindrical body of cross section area A,
at top and contains air at a pressure PA. height H and density ρs is immersed to a depth
Calculate the value of PA for the manometer of h in the fluid of density ρ. Body is tied to the
readings shown will be [3M] bottom with a string. Derive the expression for
PA the tension in the string. [3M]
Open tube
side Air A

150 cm Oil H
200 cm
h
Water

10 cm
string

Hg

Q2) Integral Analysis of Fluid flow

A) A stream of water from a 50 mm diameter nozzle strikes a curved vane, as shown. A stagnation
tube connected to a mercury filled manometer is located in the nozzle exit plane.
i) Calculate the speed of the water leaving the nozzle [2M]
ii) Estimate the horizontal component force exerted on the vane by the jet [3M]


B) For a incompressible flow, the velocity field is given by V  [Ax 3  Bxy 2 ] î  [Ay 3  Bx 2 y] ĵ ,
where A = 0.3 m2/s and B is constant, and gravity is in y-direction.
i) Calculate the acceleration of the particle at point (x, y) = (2, 1). [3M]
ii) Calculate the developed pressure gradient for inviscid flow of water at (2,1) [2M]

Q3) Dimensional Analysis and Similitude

A) The equation describing the motion of fluid in a pipe due to applied pressure gradient is given by,
u 1 p   2u 1 u 
    2   [3M]
t  x  r r r 
i) Write the nondimensional form of the above equation.
ii) Write the nondimensional groups that characterize the flow.
(Use the average velocity V , pressure drop Δp, pipe length L and diameter D to
nondimensionalize flow and geometric parameter.)
PTO
 B) A 1/10 scale model of the aeroplane wing is tested in a wind tunnel. The model frontal area is Am
=0.1 m2. When tested at Vm =75 m/s in standard air, the measured drag force is FD = 350 N.
i) Evaluate the drag coefficient for the model condition. [2M]
ii) Assuming the drag coefficient Cd is same for both model and prototype find the force
applied on prototype at a speed of 80 km/hr. [2M]
iii) Determine the air speed at which the model to be tested to ensure the dynamic similarity,
if the prototype speed is 80 km/hr. [1M]

Q4) Internal Incompressible Viscous Flow

A) Consider air flow at 20oC with the volumetric rate of 0.7x10-3 m3/s in a cylindrical pipe of
diameter 30 mm and length 2 m. Is the flow is fully developed? Justify your answer. [3M]
o
B) Air at 50 C flows in a pipe system which decreases in two stages as shown in figure. [6M]

D3= 8 mm
D2=15 mm L3 = 3 m
L2 = 2.5 m 2
D1=30 mm
1 L1=2.8 m

At the flow rate of 0.5 l/s, determine the total head loss between sections 1 and 2.

Q5) External Incompressible Viscous Flow

A) Water at 20 oC flow over the flat plate at a speed of 0.9 m/s. The plate is 0.4 m long and 1 m wide.
The boundary layer on each side of plate is laminar and the velocity profile in boundary layer is
approximated as linear. Then determine, the boundary layer thickness (δ), and the Skin friction
factor (Cf) at x = 0.5 m. [3M]
B) An approximation for the velocity profile in the laminar boundary layer at zero pressure gradient
is given by [4M]
2 4
u y  y  y
 2  2    
U     
5.84 0.654
Prove that boundary layer thickness   and the skin friction factor C f  .
Re x Re x