PLC

Programming
for refrigerator,
AC and
Heat Pump
Basic Electric Circuit

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 Hoon Sang Yun
Just call me HS, please.

 Working as an automatic control engineer since 2007

 Recently finished a master course in Australia for Industrial Automation. (Dec. 2019)

 Finished more than 10 projects consist of various automatic systems such as refrigerator, HVAC,
ESD, BMS, Electricity monitoring system and so on.

 Certified from several institutes like ASHRAE (American Society of Heating and Air-Conditioning
Engineers) , EIT (Engineer Institute of Technology) and so on.

Automatic engineer HVAC and refrigeration

I can let you know everything I have
learned by working and studying for
Online It is my favorite field. And I got several
certificates for this area. For example,

Teacher
more than 14 years. I have finished BCxP (Building Commissioning
several projects in several countries Professional Certification) and
such as Qatar, UAE, Kuwait, KSA and Professional Certificate of
South of Korea. Competency in HVAC.
 1 Basic Electric Circuit
We will see what the basic electric circuit is and do a simple

Agenda
practice about it.

2 Self Holding Circuit

We will study about what the self holding circuit is and how to
configure it with 2 different ways.

3 Auto/Manual Operation
What if do we need to make a manual program separately from the
automatic one?

4 Dealing with Analog

Is there anything we need to keep in mind when we deal with
analog signals with PLC?

5 Timer
We will check what the timer is and what we can do with it.
 6 Counter
Agenda Do we need to use counter for our program? Why?

Continued 7 PID – Invertor

We will check the PID controller and how to use it here.

8 PID - Superheat
Can we use PID for controlling the superheat as well?

9 Handling many devices

Now, we will check how to control all device and equipment for a
system. For example, working order, interlock, alarm and so on.

10 Configuring Interlocks
PLC features we need to remember when programming for
refrigerator, AC and heat pump.

11 Defrost
We will check how to configure periodic defrost and finish it with
evaporator temperature limitation.
 Configuration of each section
2. Introducing principles 3. Explaining the program
We will see the related principles briefly. I will show you about the program with
detail explanation.

1. Understanding device 4. Run the simulation

We will check what kinds of device we We will do simulation with CODESYS
will control in the section. program.
PLC (Programmable Logic Controller)

Modular type
Easy to change
Good stability

PLC is the best choice when we configure any

industrial automatic system. It is versatile. And it is
easy to change its hardware and software
configuration because of its modular type feature.
More and more I/O points it can deal with as time goes
by. And its speed is incredibly fast like 50ms.

But its price is not moderate but expensive. If we want

to make an automatic system with a reasonable cost
for commercial purpose, we could not use it due to its
high price.
 Things we need to remember about FBD
What is Function Block Diagram (FBD)?
1. Basic configuration

Input-1 Output
&
Input-2

- The output is true when the both input-1 and 2 are true.

Three
2. Variable
① We need to use variable when we program.
② Each variable has its own range and type.
ex) true, false : bool type

things
1, 5, -10 : integer type
0.5, 23.2 : real type
3. Convertor
① We need to make variable type same when we

we should Input
calculate 2 different type variables.

Output

remember
INT to Real

about FBD
- An integer type variable input is converted to a real type
variable output..
 Digital Signals Analog Signals
Signals which have only 2 states Signals which cannot be defined with
CPU

∙∙∙
DO
AO
PS

DI
AI

(True, False). They are discrete. only 2 states. They are continuous.

TB Input Output
TB Signals from the device or equipment. Signals to the device or equipment.

ex) Manual defrost Button (DI) ex) Solenoid Valve Open Command (DO)
∙∙∙

Low Pressure Switch (DI) Condenser Fan Command (DO)

High Pressure Switch (DI) EXV Open Step (AO)
Temperature (AI) Inverter Compressor Speed Command (AO)
Inverter Compressor Speed Feedback (AI)
https://store.codesys.com/all-products.html
Basic Electric Circuit
1 Power supply

Lamp will be on when the circuit is closed.

The contact like the left is normal open (NO) type.

Let’s do practice.
We will make a simple PLC program with Codesys like the left circuit. The
lamp will be turned on when the NO type switch is on. And it will be off
when the switch opens.
 Coding - 1

1. Click “New Project” after starting CODESYS

2. Write the name of the program.

3. Select “FBD”
 Coding - 2

1. Define variables for the program

2. Select the “AND” gate in the toolbox tab.

3. Drag and drop ”AND” gate into the “Start here”

 Coding - 3

1. Assign “on” variable in the 1st input of the “AND” gate.

Then add “Assignment” by doing drag and drop into the
output of the “AND” gate.

2. Assign “lamp” variable in the output of

the “AND” gate.
 Coding - 4

2. Assign “off” variable in the 2nd input of

1. Add “off” variable. the “AND” gate.

3. Add “Negation” at the line of the “off”

variable to give invertor effect for the “off”
variable.
 Coding - 5

1. A finished program which has 2 input signals (on, off) and 1 output (lamp).
 Simulation
Include visualization

We will study how to do simulation after finishing coding. And we will do it with visual method by
using visualization function of CODESYS.
 Simulation - 1

2. Click “Add” Button 3. Select “Lamp1” in the

1. Right click “Application” and click “Visualization” in Lamps/Switches/Bitmaps
the “Add Object”
 Simulation - 2

1. Drag and drop the lamp1

2. Drag and drop the “Text field” under the lamp.

3. Write “lamp” in the “Text field”

 Simulation - 3

2. Write down “on” after copy and paste the text

field under the lamp symbol.

3. Copy and past push button and text field

for “off” pushbutton.

1. Drag and drop the “PushSwitch” after selecting in the “Lamps/Switches/Bitmaps” menu.
 Simulation - 4

1. Write down “off”

2. Select “Variable” after clicking the lamp symbol.

3. Select “lamp” in the “PLC_PRG”.

 Simulation - 5

1. Select “on” after double

clicking “variable” in the
Visualization toolbox. 2. Select “off” for the off pushswitch.

3. Click “Simulation” in the Online tab.

 Simulation - 6

3. Lamp was on after clicking

1. Click “Login” 2. Click “Yes” the “on” button.

4. Lamp was off when the both

“on” and “off” buttons are
pressed.
THANK YOU
Basic Electric Circuit

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