AP Stats 05 Test review warmup questions Name: _________________ Period: ___

Eye color
Brown Blue Green Total
Gender Male 50 40 30 120
Female 30 15 15 60
Total 80 55 45 180

1. Select a student at random, what is the probability the student has brown
eyes?
P(Brown) =
2. What is the probability the student has brown eyes, given she is female?
P(Brown | Female) =
3. Are gender and eye color independent? Justify.

4. What is P(Brown eyes  Female ) =

5. Are “having brown eyes” and “female” mutually exclusive? Justify.

6. How would you fill in the table to make gender and eye color independent?
Eye color
Brown Blue Green Total
Gender Male 30 120
Female 15 60
Total 75 60 45 180

7. If we draw two cards from a card deck (without replacement), what is the
probability that both cards are aces?
8. The Law of Large Numbers says that the more times we repeat a random
process, the sample statistic (e.g., x , p̂ ) will approach the population
parameter (μ, ρ).
6% of Texans have a fear of giants (feefiphobia). What does the law of large
numbers say about this probability in context?

9. Suppose P(A) = .4 and P(B) = .5.

a. If A and B are mutually exclusive, what is
P(A U B) =
b. If A and B are independent, what is
P(A  B) =
c. If A and B are independent, what is
P(A U B) =
10.Among your friends, 70% like chocolate, 30% like
strawberry and 20% like both.
a. Draw and label a Venn diagram for this data.
b. What is the probability a randomly selected
friend likes chocolate or strawberry?

c. Given that a randomly selected friend likes strawberry, what is the

probability he or she likes chocolate?
11. Dr. Johnson goes to school by one of two routes, A or B. The probability of
going by route A is 30%. If he goes by route A, the probability of being late for
school is 20%. If he goes by route B, the probability of being late is 10%.

Draw a probability tree diagram.

(i) Find the probability that Dr. Johnson is late for school

(ii) Given that Dr. Johnson is late for school, find the probability that he went via
route A.

(iii) Are route and lateness independent? Justify.

12.The probability of winning a carnival game is 0.37. You want to estimate the
probability of winning exactly two games in five.

(i) Describe how you would use a random digit table to simulate the
proportion of times that you would win exactly two games in five if the
chance of winning is 0.37.

(ii) Carry out 10 trials of a simulation using the random digit table below.
(Show your work.)

19223 95034 05756 28713 96409 12531

42544 82853 25676 47150 99400 01927

27754 42648 82425 36290 45467 71709

81486 61887 60513 09297 00412 71238

(iii) Write your conclusion in the context of the question.