t Exercise:

. Choose the correct option.

2. A
1 i)
i) The value of acceleration due to gravity is
maximum a t - - - - ii)
....
(A) the equator of the Ea rth . 111

(B) the centre of the Earth.

~ the pole of the Earth. iv)
(D) slightly above the sur face of the v)

Earth.
vi)
ii) The weight of a particle at the centre of the ..
Earth is _ _ __ vu
..
Vl t
(A) infinite.
/4 ze ro .
ix)
(C) same as that at other places.
(D) greater than at the poles.
iii) The gravitational potential due to the Earth x)
is minimum at _ _ __
~ h e centre of the Earth. ·
(B) the surface of the Earth. xi)
(C) a points inside the Earth but not at
its centre. xii)
(D) infinite distance.
xiii )
iv) The binding energy of a satelJite revolving9
around planet in a circular orbit is 3 x 10 J.
Its kinetic energy is _ _ __ x iv)

(A) 6x 1091
xv)
(B) -3 X 109J
(C) -6 x 10+9J
JI' ) 3 x]Q+9J
 WP
1. C hoose the correct a
n s wer:
i) C h a n g e in d im e 11 sio1
1s is k n o w n a s .. .. .
~ ) d e fo rm a tion
(B ) fo rm a tio n
(C ) c o n tr a c ti o n
(D ) st ra in .
ii) T h e p o in t o n st re ss
-s tr a in c urv e a t w h ic h
st ra in b e g in s to in c re
a se ev e11 w it h o u t
in c re a se in st re ss is c a ll
e d . . .. 3
(A} e la st ic p o in t ~ eld p o in t
(C) b re a k in g p o in t
(D) neck p o in t
iii) S tr a in e n e rg y o f
a st re tc h e d w ir e is 1
18 x 10-3 J a n d st ra in .
e n e rg y p e r u n it 1
v o lu m e o f the sa m e w ir
e a n d sa1ne cross
se c ti o n is 6x 10-3 J/m 3.
Its v o lu m e w il l
b e .. ..
(A ) 3 c m3 v8} 3m 3
(C ) 6 m 3 (D) 6 c m 3
iv ) -- -- - is th e p ro p e rt
y o f a m a te ri a l w h ic h
e n a b le s it to re si st p la st
ic d e fo rm a ti o n .
(A ) e la st ic it y
(B) p la st ic it y
~ h a rd n e ss
(D ) d u ct il it y
v ) T h e a b il it y o f a m a te
ri a l to re si st fr a c tu ri n g
w~ n a fo rc e is a p p li e d 4. L
to it, is c a ll e d .. .. . .
\/ (A ) to u g h n e ss i)
(B ) h a rd n e ss
(C ) e la st ic it y
(D ) plasticity.
ii )
 orr ect op tio n. . . ~ W ha t is ab sol ute Zi
1· Choose theof
c
tempe
rat ure in a chn 1ca l v) De riv e the rel at
--i ( Range wh ich me asu res
f/ thennometer, the coe ffi cie nts of the r
.
rat
tempe ure of hu1nan bo dy, ts vi) Sta te ap pli cat ion s c
0
(A)70 °C to l 00 C vii) W hy do we gen,
~ 34 °C to 42 °C spe cif ic he ats for a
(C) 0 °F to 100 op
Ar e freezing poini
(D) 34 °P to 80 op
sam e wi th respect
~ A glass bo ttle co mp let ely fill ed
~i th wa ter Co mm ent .
is kep t in the freezer. W hy do es 1t cra
ck ? De fin e (i) Sublimat
(A) Bo ttle gets co ntr act ed
Ex pla in the term 'st,
(B) Bo ttle is ex pa nd ed
xi) De fin e coefficie
~ ate r ex pa nd s on fre ezi ng
con du cti vit y. Derive
(D) Wa ter co ntr act s on fre ezi ng
xii ) Gi ve an y four app l
~ If tw o tem pe rat ure s differ by 25 °C
on con du cti vit y in ever:
Ce lsi us sca le, the difference in tem pe
rat ure xiii) Ex pla in the term
on Fa hre nh eit sca le is ~t; ~ ~ ,;. v..~ Sta te its SI unit and
(A ) 65° ~ 45° ~ xiv ) Ho w hea t transfe:
(C) 38 ° (D) 25° rad iat ion in absence
iv) If a,~ an d y are coefficients of
linear, are a xv ) Sta te Newton 's la~
l an d vo lum e exp ans ion of a solid the n
exp lai n how it can
(A) a:~:y 1:3:2 L-{B)U:~:y 1:2:3 verified.
(C) a:~:y 2:3: 1 (D) a:~:y 3: 1:2 xvi) Wh at is thermal stress
v) Co nsi der the following statement
s- of disadvantage s of
(!) Th e coefficient of lin ear exp ans ion
ha s pra cti cal use ?
dim ens ion K- 1
xvii) Which materials can b
(H) Th e coefficient of volume exp
ans ion insulators and why?
ha s dim ens ion K -1
3. So lve the foil owing prob lei
J) (f1 an d II are both correct i) A glass fla sk has vo
(B) I is correct bu t II is wrong
It is fi lled with a I.
(C) II is correct bu t I is wrong
If the temperature of th:
(D) I an d II are bo th wrong
vi) Water falls from a height of2 00 m. to 100 oc , how muc ftici1
Wh at is will overflow. (Coe •
the difference in temperature between 15
the expans ion of 9lass . . ;
wa ter at the top and bottom of a water
fall wh ile tha t of the Iiq. uid 15
given tha t specific hea t of wa ter is 420
0J . 511
kg-l oc-'? [M s. e11t
(A) 0.96oC . e more J
(B) 1.020c ii) Which will requtr dbY30 ,
a 2.0 kg bloc k ofle
~ 0
0.46oC (D ) l.16~C vY-
f coPPet J~!
the following questions. a 4.0 kg block o : : 38114[};
2 . Answer . 1 , _ _, I ,..
 t . Exercises
1/
t. Choose the correct alternatives (
~ A soun~ carried by air fr~m a sitar to a
I' listener 1s a wave of follow ing type.
(A) Longit udinal station ary 2.Ans
(B)Tra nsvers e progre ssive
(C} Transv erse station ary
X
ii)
~ ) Longit udinal progre ssive
ii) When sound waves travel from air to water, 1£~ j

which of these remain s consta nt ? v)

(A) Velocity ~ Freque ncy
(C) Wavel ength (D) All of above vi) \1
iii) The Laplac e's correction in the express ion
for velocity of sound given by Newto n is vii) \\
needed becaus e sound waves
(A) are longitu dinal ,·iii) \\~
(B) propag ate isother mally ~ ) Ste
t!J2fpropag ate adiaba tically ~
/
De~
. (D) are of long wavelength \Va ,

lV) Speed of sound is maxim un1 in Dra

(A ) air (B) water are
(CJ vacuum v{[5) soJid hove
V) The wa ll s of the holJ bui lt for rnusic
~ t\{qyM ))T\() U,\ °"-.J

~ ~~ /2 UV' 0Q;.
<iiz>
[ ~
 Exer<.·iscs
Choose the correct option. . (A) 1:4
~ A positively char ged glass rod 1s brou ght
· dose to a meta llic rod isola ted from
groun d. The char ge on the side of the
meta llic rod awa y from the glass rod will
be
lft> s~me as t~at on the glass rod and equal
m quan tity
(B) oppo site to that on the glass of and
equa l in quan tity
(C) same as that on the glass rod but lesse r
in quan tity
(D) same as that on the glass rod but more
in quan tity
1i An elect ron is place d betw een two
paral lel plate s conn ected to a battery. If
the batte ry is switc hed on, the elect ron
will
tJ;() be attra cted to the +ve plate
(B) be attra cted to the -ve plate
(C) rema in statio nary
(D) will mov e para llel to the plate s
111.
A charg e of+ 7 µC is place d at the centre
of two conc entri c spheres with radiu s 2.0
cm and. 4.0 cm respective ly. The ratio of
the flu x throu g h them will be
- - - - - - - - - - - -@ > - - - - - - - - - - - -
(B) 1:2
Jej1: 1 (D) 1: 16
1v. Two char ges of J .0 C each are plac ed
one m eter apar t in free space. The force
between them wiIJ be
(A) 1.0 N Lf.B} 9 x 109 N
(C) 9 x 10-9 N (D) 10 N
v. Two poin t char ges of +5 µC are so
plac ed that they expe rienc e a force of
80x I 0 -3 N . They are then mov ed apar t.
so that the force is now 2.0x I 0-3 N. The
dista nce betw een them is now
(A) 1/4 the prev ious dista nce
~do ubl e the prev ious dista nce
(C) four time s the prev ious dista nce
(D) half the prev ious dista nce
v1.
A meta llic sphe re A isola ted from grou nd
is char ged to +50 µC. This sphe re is
brou ght in contact with othe r isola ted
meta llic sphe re B of half the radiu s of
sphe re A. The char ge on the two sphe re
will be now in the ratio
(A) 1:2 (B) 2: 1
(C)4 : l ~l:l
AL Whic h of the follo wing prod uces uniform
electric field?
 (A ) point ch ar ge .
I
(B ) linear ch ar ge
g two pageradillstelriplbuatteesd an circular any
(D ) char
J
o po int ch ar ge s o f A = + 5 .0 µ C an d
viii. Tw
= -5 .0 µC or e se p ar at ed b y 5 .0 cm .
B
in t ch ar ge C = 1 .0 µ C is p ]a ce d
A po
w a y fr o m th e ce n tr e o n th e /
at 3.0 cm a
en di cu la r bi se ct o r o f th e line jo in in g
perp
o po in t ch orr1 cs . T h e ch ar g e a t C
th e tw
ar d s
wiJI expe rienc e a force d irec ted to w
(AJ point A
(BJ )int B
Ja di rection parallel to line AB
ctio n a lo n g th e p er p en d ic u la r
<D ) a dire
bi sector
r J? ~ E\ {' fTI

choose co rre ct alt ern ati ve

25 W, 40 W,
~ You are giv en fou r bu lbs of
r, a.II op era tin g
· 1/ · 60 W and l 00 W of po we
s the low est
at 23 0 V. W hic h of the m ha
res ist an ce?
(A) 25 W (C ) 40 W
(C) 60 W LAO) 10 0 w
is an oh mi c
1iJ Which of the fol low ing
F conductor?
t}AJ' tra ns ist or (B)va cu um tub e
wi re
(C) ele ctr oly te (D ) nic hro me
)Q A rhe os tat is us ed
n ch an ge of
(A) to bri ng on a kn ow
er the cu rre nt
res ist an ce in the cir cu it to alt
the res ist an ce
J'B )to co nti nu ou sly ch an ge '
the re by alt er
in an y arb itr ary ma nn er an d /
the cu rre nt
cir cu it at an y
(C) to ma ke an d bre ak the
ins tan t
(D ) ne ith er to alt er the res
ist an ce no r the
cu rre nt
ist an ce R is
The wi re of len gth L an d res
cro ss- sec tio n
str etc he d so tha t its rad ius of
ist an ce ?
is ha lve d. W ha t is its ne w res
(A) 5R (B) 8R
(C )4R ~ 16 R
ma de of
~ Ma sse s of thr ee pie ces of wiresJ :3:5 an d
io
the sam e me tal are in the rat
5:3: J. Th e
their len gth s are in the rat io
ratios of the ir res ist an ces are
(A) 1:3: 5 (B ) 5:3: 1
1
(C) I: 15: 125 ~1 25 :1 5:
of a cell of em f
vi) The int ern al res ist an ce
a res ist an ce
2V is 0. In it is co nn ect ed to 3
the ceJI will
of 0.9 0. Th e vo lta ge acr oss )
be
(A) 0.5 V ~ J. 8V
(C) 1.95 V (D ) 3V
5V an d internal
Vii) 100 cells eac h of em f
an ge d so as
resistance In are to be arr
nt in a 25 .0
to pro du ce ma xim um cu rre
ins equal
resistance. Ea ch row co nta
St.'S )
c )f rcJv1 ~
11t1111 b e r tl f cc l1 s . "The numh er
shou ld be
✓
(B) 4
t ~(A ) 2
(C ) 5 (D) 100
e a c h o f v o lt a g e 1.5 V a re
,,ii i) Five d ry cells
n e c te d a s sh o w n in d ia g ra m
co n

o v e ra ll v o lt a g e w it h this
W h a t is th e
a rr a n g e m e n t?
(A )O V ~ 4 .5 V
(C) 6 .0 V ~ ) 7 .5 V
s
e reasons / short a n sw e r
 3.5 X 10-SX 13
= -----===--
tana =-
1
tane
10~7 x ✓3 ~ + l
2
350 1
: . tan e = 2 tan a .· . m = ✓2 = 247 .5 Am -
= 2 tan ( 90 - e) and 2 tan ( 270 - e)
:. tan0 = ± 2cot 0 Always remember:
2 In this Chapter we have used B as a symbol
:. tan 8 = 2
for magnetic field. Calling it magnetic
:. tan 0 = ±✓ 2 induction is unreasonable. We hove used
the words magnetic field which ore used in
,". e = tan - I ( ±✓2) spoken language.
:. 8 = 54°44. and 180° - 54°44° = 116°4

~ Exercises )
1. Choose the correct option. iii) The horizontal and vertical component
i) Let r be the distance of a point on the of magnetic field of Earth are same at
axis of a bar magnet from its center. The some place on the surface of Earth. The
magnetic field at r is always proportional magnetic dip angle at this place wilJ be
to (A) 30° (.(J3{45°
(A) l /r2 t>{B)
l/r3 (C) 1/r (C) 0° (D) 90°
(D) not necessarily l /r3 at all points iv) Inside a bar magnet, the magnetic fi eld
ii) Magnetic meridian is the plane lines
(A) perpendicular to the magnetic axis of (A) are not present
Earth (B) are parallel to the cross sectional area
(B) perpendicular to geographic axis of of the magnet
Earth (C) are in the direction from N pole to S
~ passing through the magnetic axis of ?le
Earth t{D) are in the direction fro m S pole to N
(D) passing through the geographic axis pole
Earth
- - - -- - - - - -@ ------- ------
I v) A pla ce whe re the ver tica l com pon ent s of ii) A 1nag net ma k<
Ear th's ma gne tic field is zer o has the ang le hor izo nta l in a
of dip equ al to 30° wit h the mo
true val ue of th1
~ oo (B) 45°
(C) 60° (D) 90°
vi) A pla ce wh ere the hor izo nta l com pon ent iii) Two sm all and
of Ear th's ma gne tic field is zer o lies at ma gne tic dipol
(A) geo gra phi c equ ato r
eac h. Th ey are
wa y tha t their <
(B) geo ma gne tic equ ato r
eac h other. A lir
(C) one of the geo gra phi c pol es of one ma gne t ]
~ one of the geo ma gne tic pol es of oth er ma gne t
vii) A ma gne tic nee dle kep t non par alle l to the their cen ters is 2
.
ma gne tic field in a non uni form ma gne tic ma gne tic field u
fi.e~ xpe rien ces joi nin g their cen t
~ a forc e but not a torq ue
~~ torq ue but not a force iv) A cir cul ar ma gm
~ ) bot h a forc e and a torq ue pole at the cem
(D) nei the r forc e nor a torq ue surrounding circt
2. An swe r the following questions in brief. a gap. Dr aw the n
i) Wh at hap pen s if a bar ma gne t is cut into gap. [The ma gne t
two pie ces tran sve rse to its len gth / alo ng Dra w a dia gra m t
its len gth ? lines of for c e be ll
ii) Wh at cou ld be the equ atio n for Gau ss' two such ma gne ts
law of magnetisn1 , if a 1nonopole of pol e v) Tw o bar ma gne ts ,
stre ngt h p is enc lose d by a sur fac e? line wit h the ir no11t
3. An swe r the following questions in detail. on a hor izo nta l s1
i) Exp lain the Gau ss' law for ma gne tic field s. line s aro und then1.
any neu tral po ints(;
ii) Wh at is a geo gra phi c 1neridian. I-low doe s
re 5ulta nt n1a gne tic 1
the dec lina tion var y with lati tud e? Wh ere
is it min imu m?
iii) Def ine the An gle of Dip. Wh at hap pen s
to
ang le of dip as we 1nove tow ard s ma gne ti c
nn lP frn m n, n nn
1. Choose the correct option. V

i) The EM wave en1itted by the Sun and

responsible for heating the Earth's
a~ phere due to green house effect is
~ A) Infra-red radiation (B) X ray
(C) Microwave (D) Visible light
ii) Earth 's atmosphere is rich~ in
(A)UV ~ IR
(C) X-ray (D) Microwaves
iii) How does the frequency of a beam of
ultraviolet light change when it travels
from air into glass? 2
(A) No change
.
(B) increases ]

(C) decreases veD) re1nains same

iv) The direction of EM wave is given by
jA) ExB _ (B) E · B_
(C) along E (D) along B
v) The maximum distance upto which TV
transmission from a TV tower of height h
~~ be received is proportional to
\.Y:) hl /2 (B) h
(C) h312 (D) h2
 v i) The waves used b y
a rt if ic ia l satellite s for
d c o m m u n ic a ti o n p u rp o s e s
a re
s ~ Microwave
(B) AM ra d io waves
(C) FM radio waves
(D) X -r a y s
vii) I f a TV telecast is to
cover a radius of
640 km, what should be the height of
tra mitting antenna?
) 32000 m (B) 53000 m
(C) 42000 m (D) 55000 m
2. Answer briefly.
•,
 - ---- --- - - --

\ I;) Krn "=' \ 01:J o e, fr-.. i_fYl t.J ,\'\ p½r- -hdLO_o o j
. .c. . . ,.__~- c~
'q_m a, J<.""- \ \ -- -

- - - - - -- -- - - -- - --
(. c:Ll.Ni c.l-L _o:j w 00J
- - - - -- ------ -- - - - - -
*10. Three equal charges of 1o x 1o-° C respectively, each located at the co
right angled triangle whose sides are 15 cm, 20 cm and 25 cm respectivelyrn:~s of a
1nd
force exerted on the charge located at the 90° angle. the
Solution :
q = 10 x 10-8C=1 0- 7 C
2
AC = 15 cm = 3a where a = 5 cm = 5 x 10- m
BC = 20 cm =4a
Force on charge at C due to charge at A is given by
kq2
F =k--=-
1
q2
(3a)2 9a2
Force on ·charge at C due to charge at B is given by q
q2 kq2 A
F2 = k - - - - -
(4a)2 16a2
The resultant of F1 and F2 is given by 15cm
2

F=,jF +F~= (kq:J+(

12
9a
kq\J
16a
F
~---l---------;;-q a
20cm

Xl/23/Phy/Set 1/Ch.10/Pg.204
 .:: 0_:
- - - -:N:: to~s~~fl_!:lec tro statics ( 206)

==
ka2
2
a
1
81 + 256
1

14
::: + --
k 2
a
r-a ---
337
81x 256
kq2
== """-T :.t 0. 128
a
ill 9 X 109 X 10-
~ -4 x 0 .12 8
25 x 10
~ 0.0046 = 4 .6 x 1o- N
3

Four charges of +6 x 1o-a C eac h are pl

d
~ are 3 cm each. Ca lcu late the resultant f~~i
8
at the corners of a squ are whose sides
on each charge and show directions on
adiagram dra wn to scale .
Jlutlon :
consider ~ny one cha rge , say charge at 8 Fae
Force on 1t due to cha rge at A is given by
1 q2
FsA == 4neo . a2 FsA

a= 3cm
= 9 x 109 x (6x 10 -B)2
(3x 10 - 2 )2 q q
= 36 x 10- N
3 o- -- -- -- -- c
3
Fee = FaA = 36 X 10- N
2
2.a
2
Distance BO = ✓ 8D = 2a
F.
:. F80 = BC = 18 x1 0- 3 N
2
Fae and FaA are at right ang led to each
other. Their resultant is given by

✓2
3
F1 = ✓F~ A + F~c = x 36 x 10- N
ally inc line d to bot h the forc es and is along the diagonal DB of the square .
F1 is equ
F1 and Fso are along the same direction.
Force F80 is alo ng the diagonal. Hence,
Hence the ir res ulta nt F is given by
F - F1 + Fso 3
_ ✓2 x 36 X 1Q- 3 + 18X 10-
- 18 X 10-
3
( 2✓2 + 1)
- 18 X 1Q- 3 (2 X 1.732 + 1)
3
- 80.35 X 10- 2
_ 8.0 35 x 10- N
*1 1.Three resistors 1o n, 20 n and 30 n are con nected in serieo corobination.
i) Find equivalent resistance of se ries combination.
ii) When this series combination is connected to 12V supply, by neglecting the
value of internal resistance , obtain potential difference across each resistor .
Solution:
G iven R1 = 10 n, R2 = 20 n, R3 = 30 n, V = 12 V
i) Series equivalent resistance (Rs)
Rs = R1 + R2 + R3
- o
1 + 20 + 30 = so n
ii) V = IA
I = V =~=0.2A
R 60
Potential difference across R1 ⇒ V1 =I X R1 = 0.2 X 10 = 2 V
Potential difference across R2 ⇒ V2 = 0.2 X 20 = 4 V
Potential difference ac ross R3 ⇒ V 3 = 0.2 x 30 = 6 V