ARTICLE KF-10

SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR HELICALLY WOUND

INTERLOCKING STRIP VESSELS

KF-1000 SCOPE
The requirements of this Article apply specifically
to pressure vessels consisting of an inner cylindrical
shell (or a number of concentric shells) and a sur-
rounding winding that carries a part of the end load.
The vessel is fabricated by helically winding a profiled,
interlocking strip over the total length of the vessel
(see Fig. KF-1000). Tightness of the winding, to ensure
even distribution of the stresses, is achieved by heating
the strip during winding or by winding under tension.
KF-1001 General Fabrication Requirements
The rules of this Article shall be used as a supplement
to or in lieu of applicable requirements given in Articles
KF-1 through KF-6. When requirements of this Article
differ from those of Articles KF-1 through KF-6, they
are specifically delineated.
KF-1010 INNER CYLINDER AND
EXTENSIONS
The outside diameter of the inner cylinder shall be
profiled with helical grooves corresponding to the
tongues of the interlocking strip. The inner cylinder
shall be fitted with extensions; see Fig. KF-1010, sketch
(a). The start and finish of each layer of winding shall
be on these extensions. When the required number of
layers has been applied, the ends of the outer layer
shall be fixed and the extensions removed; see Fig.
KF-1010, sketch (b). Shrink rings shall be placed over
the wrappings at each end; see Fig. KF-1010, sketches
(c) and (d).
KF-1020 WINDING METHOD
The winding method specified in KF-1021 or KF-
1022 shall be used. The winding tightness achieved
by the following methods produces a close fit between
the layers. Each layer overlaps the layer underneath
and the layers interlock with each other. The width
and thickness of the strip material shall be measured
to determine the thickness of the radial gap at any
section in the strip. The profile section of the strip
shall be such as to limit the radial gap between adjacent
layers of the strip to 0.010 in. (0.25 mm) maximum
at any location. The strip profile shall be measured at
the start of the winding and at the end of the winding.
The gap between adjacent strips shall be measured on
each layer of the vessel and shall not exceed 0.030
in. (0.76 mm).
KF-1021 Hot Winding
The material shall be heated to a temperature in the
range from 1,560°F to 1,780°F (849°C to 971°C),
followed by rapid cooling using a stream of compressed
air. The heating shall be performed as part of the
fabrication operation, with the heating being performed
subsequent to uncoiling the bar from a mandrel. The
cooling shall be performed as the bar is formed into
a layer of the vessel.
KF-1022 Winding Under Tension
The winding shall be performed, under tension, at
atmospheric temperature to produce the required tight-
ness in the layers.
KF-1030 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF
THE WINDING STRIP
KF-1031 Hot Wound Strip
When applying the winding in accordance with KF-
1021, the material shall be tested for conformance
with the mechanical property requirements by testing
specimens obtained after heat treatment from prolonga-
tions of the vessel wall. One test shall be made for

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 KF-1031 PART KF — FABRICATION REQUIREMENTS
FIG. KF-1000 HELICALLY WOUND INTERLOCKING STRIP DETAILS
each vessel from each lot. A lot shall consist of not
more than 10,000 lb of material from the same heat.
KF-1032 Strip Wound Under Tension
When the winding is applied in accordance with KF-
1022, the mechanical properties are not affected by
the procedure and, therefore, the samples may be taken
before or after winding.
KF-1033 Frequency of Tests
Mechanical property tests specified in KF-1032 shall
be performed on each heat of winding strip and shall
meet the requirements of the applicable materials speci-
fication.
KF-1040 BUTT WELDING OF
INTERLOCKING STRIPS
When necessary to permit winding of a layer with
an uninterrupted length of interlocking strip, butt welded
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KF-1060
joints shall be used to join strip lengths. The welded
joints shall be ground to reestablish the original profile.
All butt welds in the outer layer and 10% of the butt
welds in inner layers shall be examined by the ultrasonic
method in accordance with Article KE-3. All butt welds
shall be examined 100% of their length by the magnetic
particle method in accordance with KE-334.
KF-1050 PROFILE OF THE WINDING
STRIP
The winding strip shall be formed with grooves and
corresponding tongues on both sides in order to produce
an interlocking cylindrical wall capable of sustaining
the imposed loads. A typical pattern is illustrated in
Fig. KF-1000.
KF-1060 HYDROSTATIC TEST
For helically wound interlocking strip vessels, two
hydrostatic tests shall be performed. The requirements
 Fig. KF-1010 2001 SECTION VIII — DIVISION 3

FIG. KF-1010 INNER CYLINDER AND EXTENSIONS

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 KF-1060 PART KF — FABRICATION REQUIREMENTS KF-1063

for determining the maximum permissible elongation where

are as follows. Ep modulus of elasticity, psi
(a) During the first test, the longitudinal expansion Lp final length of vessel at atmospheric pressure
shall be measured at design pressure, at test pressure, after the second test, in.
and again after the test pressure is reduced to design L1p measured length of vessel at second test pres-
pressure. The difference in the measured lengths at sure, in.
design pressure shall not exceed 0.1% of the original Ptp test pressure, psi
length. Yp diameter ratio (DO /DI)
(b) During the second test, the length of the vessel ⑀Lp longitudinal contraction, in./in.
shall be measured at the test pressure and after the ⑀Tp tangential contraction, in./in.
pressure has been completely released. The longitudinal
contraction ⑀L shall not exceed the tangential contraction
KF-1061 Vent Holes
⑀T of a solid wall vessel of the same dimensions,
where: Vent holes are not required in helically wound inter-
locking strip construction.

KF-1062 Nozzles and Connections

L −L
⑀L p 1 Nozzles and connections are not permitted in helically
L
wound interlocking strip shells.

KF-1063 Supports
1.7Pt Supports shall only be attached to ends of the
⑀T p 2 outer shell.
E (Y − 1)

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