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Exponentiation

Exponent rules allow for simplifying expressions involving powers. The key rules are: 1) Multiplying powers with the same base keeps the base and adds the exponents. 2) Dividing powers with the same base keeps the base and subtracts the exponents. 3) Raising a power to another exponent multiplies the exponents. 4) Negative exponents flip the base and exponent.

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Richelle Barcebal
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108 views15 pages

Exponentiation

Exponent rules allow for simplifying expressions involving powers. The key rules are: 1) Multiplying powers with the same base keeps the base and adds the exponents. 2) Dividing powers with the same base keeps the base and subtracts the exponents. 3) Raising a power to another exponent multiplies the exponents. 4) Negative exponents flip the base and exponent.

Uploaded by

Richelle Barcebal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Exponents

5
Exponent
3
Power
Base
Exponential form: The exponent of a power indicates
how many times the base multiplies itself.
x = x  x  x x  x  x  x
n

n −times
n factors of x
Example: 5 = 5  5  5
3
Laws of
Exponents
Laws of Exponents
Multiplying Powers: If you are multiplying Powers with
the same base, KEEP the BASE & ADD the EXPONENTS!

2+ 2
1) 1. 3 3 = 3
2 2
= 3 = 81
4

2+7
2) 4. 2s 2  4s 7 = 2 4 s = 8s 9

3) 6. s t s t =
2 4 7 3
s 2+ 7 4+3
t =s t
9 7
Dividing Powers: When dividing Powers with the
same base, KEEP the BASE & SUBTRACT the
EXPONENTS!

9
1) 8. 3 9 −5
5
= 3 = 3 4
= 81
3
12 8
s t 12 − 4 8− 4
2) 9. = s t = s 8 4
t
s 4t 4
36a 5b8
3)10. 4 5
=
4a b
Simplify the following.

1) 23 × 27

2) (-4)6 × (-4)5

3) (3y2) × (8y7)

4) 6x7 ÷ x3

5) (-15y9) ÷ 5y4
Power of a Power: If you are raising a Power
to an exponent, you multiply the exponents!

1)1. 3 ( )
2 5
= 3 10
32
(5 ) = 5
3 2
=5
5

2)2. (a )
3 4
= a 12

3)
Product Law of Exponents: If the product of the bases is
powered by the same exponent, then the result is a multiplication of
individual factors of the product, each powered by the given exponent.

3. 2a ( ) 2 3
= 2 a 3 23
= 8a 6

5. (−3a ) = (− 3)  a 22
= 9a
2 2 2 4

(
4. 2 a b2 5 3 2
) = 2 22 52 32
a b = 2 4 10 6
a b = 16 a10 6
b
Quotient Law of Exponents: If the quotient of the
bases is powered by the same exponent, then the result is both
numerator and denominator , each powered by the given exponent.
9 2
3 
8.  5  = (3 ) 4 2
=3 8

3 
2 2
 st 8
 st 4
 s 2t 8
9.  4  =   = 2
 rt  2  r  r
 36a 5b8 
10  4 5  = (9ab ) 3 2
=9 a b
2 2 32
= 81a b
2 6

 4a b 
Negative Law of Exponents: If the base is powered
by the negative exponent, then the base becomes reciprocal with the
positive exponent.

( )5 −1
1
3. a = 5 −3
5 = 3 =
1 1
−1 a −1 5 125
2 2
 4 x
7.   =   = and
 x   x 4 1
−2 −2
= 3 2
=9
 36a  5
3 b 10
10.  4 5  = 9−2 a b = 2
− 2 10

 4 a b  81a
#8: Zero Law of Exponents: Any base powered by zero
exponent equals one.

x =10

( )
1. 2a b = 1
2 0

6. (s t ) =
2 4 0 1

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