SUPERMARKET

A Supermarket, as defined by the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, is a large self-service

retail store that sells groceries, fresh products, meat, bakery and dairy products, and household
merchandise and other nonfood goods. These stores are usually located in main shopping
centers of an area with adequate parking facilities. A supermarket can be owner-operated or
can have the department leased out on a concession basis. It is known as a self-service retail
store because of the absence of salesmen as the customers do their own shopping from the
labeled racks and bring their items on to the cashiers.

The purpose of the project is to develop a design for a community supermarket and a
commercial center in Barangay Canduman, Mandaue City. This supermarket must be able to
provide service in the community whether it be daytime or nighttime. As supermarkets sell
different types of goods, they have different types of areas for storage and selling of goods, as
well as areas for their customers and employees to dwell in. These areas are carefully planned
in order to carry out the most efficient design of the supermarket and deliver the best service to
the customers.

PROJECT BRIEF: A SUPERMARKET AND A COMMERCIAL CENTER

The board of Directors of the Marketplace group of supermarkets had decided to operate
a supermarket somewhere within Canduman in the boundary of Mandaue and Cebu City. They
had purchased a lot which used to be Tintay’s Commercial Bldg. and its adjacent lot. A
preliminary research study shows that because of the number of people who pass by the area,
and the volume of residents in the subdivisions nearby as well as the Ateneo school in the
vicinity, the area is perfect for a community supermarket.
Great emphasis on form should be thought of carefully by the designer. The design shall
be modern and shall have a pleasing character to serve as a landmark. A lot of green areas and
trees should be incorporated in the design.
The warehouse/storage area shall have a floor to ceiling height of 8 meters. Two storey
Concession-Mall spaces for pharmacy, bakery, snacks, coffee, etc. shall be included. These
rental spaces shall be arranged so that they can still be open for business to the public even if
the supermarket is closed. An entrance arch from the main road shall be incorporated in the
design to serve as a main entrance to the development. The planner shall take into
consideration the planning of the traffic so that the supermarket can function properly and
vehicular traffic within the vicinity will not worsen.

Note: Keywords are highlighted

I. PROJECT LOCATION

CANDUMAN, MANDAUE CITY

CHARACTERISTICS ISSUES PROJECTS

Canduman is a barangay
located in Mandaue City
whose areas are mixed
residential and commercial
zones. Canduman is rich
The issue that the majority of
the people complain about
Canduman is the lack of
drainage system which
results in flooding especially
in roads. There is also a
problem in the PUJs since
drivers are dropping off and
loading passengers in areas
that easily cause traffic
congestion.
Recently, there is a road
concreting project in
Barangay Canduman. This
project involves the
construction of drainage
systems in the area of the
project. There is also the
financial assistance from the
Department of Labor and
Employment to the vendors in
Barangay Canduman. This is
to assist them for the
construction of their stores
and stalls in the area of
Canduman.

From this information, we can conclude the areas that must be given proper
acknowledgement in this project such as the PUJs drop off areas, parking areas, and vendor
areas as well as the rich culture and history of Canduman, Mandaue. It is also important to note
the scope and limitations of the project such as the road drainage systems and flood
management. The purpose of this study is to provide a background of the project that is to be
implemented in Barangay Canduman, Mandaue City. This is to ensure that the project to be
implemented is efficient, practical, and pleasing to the people and serves as a landmark for
Barangay Canduman, Mandaue City.
SITE TOPOGRAPHY

Source: Cebu City Topographic Map

Based on the topography map, the site of the project is elevated roughly from 75 ft to
115 ft from sea level. This suggests that the area becomes a catch basin during heavy rains and
is prone to heavy flooding which affects the people in the area.

ZONING AND REGULATIONS

 Based on the National Building Code and the Zoning Map of Mandaue City, the area of
the project is considered to be a mixed commercial and residential zone, with surrounding
buildings mostly on commercial purpose, thus the site is classified under the Commercial-1
Zone or C-1 Z which are low density commercial areas within the city intended for neighborhood
or community scale trade, service and business activities. This is also called as the City Core
being a pedestrian friendly zone.

BUILDING REQUIREMENTS BASED ON THE LOCAL ORDINANCE

Based on the local ordinance of Mandaue City, areas under the Commercial-1 zone or
the C-1 Z, must preserve the poblacion ambiance. It seeks to maintain the seat of local
government, religious activities, market place, education, and other historic character. The
buildings that are to be constructed in this zone must:
 promote to the city core as a healthy, attractive, and pedestrian friendly zone
 promote to the city core as a destination for entertainment, leisure and community
activities
 preserve the historical, cultural, and small town character of the inner urban core
 strengthen the economic and business competitiveness of the City Core and enhance its
attractiveness as a residential neighborhood.
Supermarkets along with other commercial buildings and parks fall under this category. Since
this is a commercial zone, the building regulations based on the local ordinance are as follows:
 Per the relevant provisions of the National Building Code (NBC) and the local ordinance
 The number of allowable storeys is strictly from two (2) to four (4) storeys with a
maximum height of 15 meters based on the guidelines set by the City Planning and
Development Office
 Subject to the provisions of Section 16 of the Local Ordinance, as applicable.
SECTION 16: SMART GROWTH REGULATIONS
o Water refilling stations should adopt reverse osmosis system or of similar kind.
o Every building should have rainwater storage and infiltration system.
o All land developments should have permeable or porous pavements and
landscape areas.
o 3Rs for Solid Waste Management should be practiced.
o Each facility should adopt green growth principles applicable to them such as:
a. Solar water heating
 b. Use of natural light and ventilation
c. Permeable or porous pavements for driveways and terrace and runoff tanks.
d. Minimize waste by reusing building components.
e. Promoting bicycle use by providing parking areas.
f. Reducing use of fossils fuels by providing electric vehicle charging facilities.
g. Use of green roofs with load capacity for deeper soil levels.
h. Low Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) paints and plastics
i. Native vegetation.
j. Use of light-emitting diode (LED) lights.
SECTION 19: PARKING REGULATIONS
a. Access from the public road to the parking lot must be through a driveway.
b. Service driveways should always provide unobstructed ingress and egress to
and from the parking slot.
c. Parking design should adopt appropriate system that would enable vehicles to
maneuver easily or as provided by the NBC within the parking area.
d. Ramps to parking structure shall provide a transition clearance of six (6)
meters before the sidewalk.
e. Guard house for parking areas should be located at least three (3)-car lengths
equivalent of 18 meters from the sidewalks to give ample space for security check.

BUILDING REQUIREMENTS BASED ON THE NATIONAL BUILDING CODE

Based on the National Building Code, the Commercial – 1 Zone has general
requirements on allowable floor areas, maximum building heights, light and ventilation, room
dimensions, openings, parking areas among others.
The site belongs to the Group E – Business and Mercantile Division 2

II. DEMOGRAPHICS

BARANGAY CANDUMAN, MANDAUE CITY DEMOGRAPHICS

POPULATION DATA
The population of Mandaue as of the 2020 Census was 23, 455 inhabitants. This
population represented 6.44% of the total population of Mandaue.
 CENSUS DATE HOUSEHOLD NUMBER OF AVERAGE
POPULATION HOUSEHOLD HOUSEHOLD SIZE

1990 MAY 1 3, 799 766 4.96

1995 SEP 1 5, 618 1, 205 4.66

2000 MAY 1 10, 537 2, 263 4.66

2007 AUG 1 14, 276 2, 975 4.80

2010 MAY 1 17, 100 3, 872 4.42

2015 AUG 1 18, 832 4, 640 4.06

From this data, we can conclude that there is an average of 5 people per household.

AGE GROUP

AGE GROUP POPULATION AGE GROUP PERCENTAGE

Under 1 478 2.54%

1-4 1, 848 9.80%

5-9 2, 117 11.23%

10 - 14 1, 801 9.55%

15 - 19 1, 666 8.84%

20 - 24 2, 013 10.68%

25 - 29 1, 984 10.52%

30 - 34 1, 600 8.49%

35 - 39 1, 350 7.16%

40 - 44 1, 038 5.51%

45 - 49 927 4.92%

50 - 54 721 3.82%

55 - 59 514 2.73%

60 - 64 333 1.77%

65 - 69 208 1.10%

70 - 74 106 0.56%
 75 - 79 91 0.48%

80 above 57 0.30%

Total 18, 852 100.00%

Based on the data, the highest age group in Barangay Canduman is around 5 - 9 years old. In
addition, inhabitants aging 15 - 64 years old are members of the work force of Barangay
Canduman, composed of employees and workers, mostly male. The median age of the
inhabitants based on the data shown is 23.77 or 24 years old, suggesting that half of the
population is aged 24 years old and above.

INCOME LEVELS
According to a study of “Socio-demographic factors of community residents in relation to
control strategies against dengue and sanitary conditions among households of Barangay
Canduman, Mandaue City”, by Kiran Kumar Unga and Desiderio C. Asane of Cebu Doctors’
University, it was stated that most of the employees and workers in Barangay Canduman had
an annual income of 100, 000 to 249, 999 PHP. A number of 207 respondents from various
zones of the barangay were randomly selected and most of them were adults (38.6%), males
(58.9%), single (53.6%) and had high school level of education (32.4%).

MOBILITY AND TRANSPORTATION

Based on the data of Mandaue City Public Information Office, the mode of transportation
that the majority of people in Mandaue use are buses and jeepneys. Tricycles are also utilized
and can only be used in secondary roads and barangay roads. This is also noted since the site
of the project is facing a barangay road which is the H Abellana road.

ACCESSIBILITY AND DISABILITIES

Based on a study in 2018, a “Cross-sectional study on level of knowledge and utilization
of physical therapy and its services and demographic factors among persons with disability in
Mandaue City”, by Danielle Eileen M. Arcete et. al., of Cebu Doctors’ University, the majority of
the inhabitants in various barangays of Mandaue including Barangay Canduman suffer from low
level of knowledge and utilization skills. This supports the notion of the former discussed
study, that most of the respondents have a high school level of education. In addition, there
were 380 respondents in their research, thus further lowering the number of respondents who
have low level of knowledge and utilization skills. It was recommended to develop rehabilitation
facilities and recreational areas for community based rehabilitation programs.
BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 344
Batas Pambasa BLG. 344 commonly known as BP 344, or The Law to Enhance Mobility
of Disabled Persons, promotes the realization of the rights of disabled persons to participate
fully in the social live and the development of the societies in which they live and the enjoyment
of the opportunities available.
 Ingress/egress from the building shall be made accessible; parking slots must
also be located as near as possible to ingress/ egress spaces of the building or
structure.
 Cut-out curbs and accessible ramps at the sidewalks
 Audio-visual aids for crossing
 Walkways should be kept as level as possible and provided with slip-resistant
material
 Handrails should be installed at both sides of ramps and stairs and at the outer
edges of dropped curbs for about 0.90 m to 1.06 m above steps or ramps
 Ramps and other accessible features in buildings of the sectoral offices and
attached agencies
 Accessible parking slots should have a minimum width of 3.70 m, with a walkway
from accessible spaces of 1.20 m; clear width shall be provided between the
front ends of parked cars
 Changes in level require a ramp except when served by a dropped curb; ramps
shall gave a minimum clear width of 1.20 m and maximum gradient shall be 1:12
 Lengths of ramps shall not exceed 6.00 meters

III. DEVELOPMENTAL
CONTROLS
IV. BUILDING REQUIREMENTS AND SPACES

MAIN GROCERY AREA FURNITURES/

EQUIPMENT

Lobby The lobby is an area located near the main

entrance of the building. It may be used for access
to other corridors, circulation space, or a waiting
space for the customers. The lobby must be designed
to:
- allow disabled persons to enter (usually persons on
a wheelchair)
- free from obstructions and distracting reflections

The standard size of a supermarket lobby

Grocery Selling The grocery selling area of the supermarket is the

Area (2000 area where a wide range of grocery and other items
sq.m.) are displayed for sale. It is one of the core areas of a
supermarket. As a common strategy, placing the
grocery selling area near the main entrance allows
customers to quickly access essential items without
having to navigate through the entire store, making it
convenient for quick shopping trips. It is specifically
placed in the center area to let customers explore
other sections of the supermarket while passing
through the grocery aisles.

The standard size of a grocery selling area is

Concession The concession spaces refer to the designated

Spaces (2 areas where third party businesses or vendors can
storeys) set up their stores and temporary booths to sell
products and services. These areas are typically
 separate from the supermarket’s core areas. The
strategic positions of this area are usually located
near the main entrance to attract customers and
create welcoming atmospheres. It can also be located
in high-traffic areas or near fresh departments
such as near checkout areas to attract customers to
buy complementary products.

The standard size of a concession space

Check-out The checkout counters refer to the area within the

Counters supermarket where customers complete their
purchases and pay their selected items. These areas
are usually equipped with cash registers or self-
checkout kiosks, as well as conveyor belts or
countertops for placing items. The checkout counters
are usually located near the main entrance so that
customers can easily checkout upon entering/exiting
the store. They can also be placed strategically near
the end of aisles to encourage impulse buying. In
large supermarkets, they have multiple checkout
counters so that customers can easily check out
wherever they are in the area.

The standard size of a checkout counter is

Pushcart Area The pushcart area of the supermarket is an area

where customers pick up shopping carts and baskets
to use. It is strategically placed near the entrance or
near high traffic areas so that customers can easily
grab these equipment as they enter. In some
supermarkets, they have multiple pushcart areas so
that customers can easily grab one wherever they are
in the area.

The standard area of a pushcart area

Bag Check The bag check areas are areas in the supermarket
Area where customers leave their belongings so that they
can shop more comfortably. These areas are usually
located near the main entrance or adjacent to the
customer service area so that inquiries and
assistance are readily available. It is usually paired
with a storage area for customers to store their items
such as umbrellas or push cart areas so that
customers can easily return their shopping carts.

The standard size of a bag check area is

Marking Area
Public Toilets The public toilets are restroom facilities within the
supermarket that are accessible to the customers and
the general public.

- must be clean, hygienic, and inclusive to the

general public.

It can be placed near the main entrance for easy

access or near the customer service so that the
staff can guide the customers to the restrooms and
assist them with their inquiries.

To be computed

DISPLAY FREEZERS FURNITURE/

EQUIPMENT

Meat/Poultry The meat and poultry display freezers in the

Display supermarkets are specialized refrigerated units or
Freezers display cases where meat and poultry products are
displayed to the customers. Meat and poultry display
freezers are often located near other fresh
departments, such as the fish, produce, or deli
sections. This can also be placed near other
departments such as meat to encourage cross-
promotion of products, such as a ready-made meal
from the meat and poultry section.

The standard size of a meat/poultry display freezer

Fish/Seafoods The fish and seafood display freezers in the

Display supermarkets are specialized refrigerated units or
Freezers display cases where fish and seafood products are
displayed to the customers. Fish and seafood display
freezers are often located near other fresh
departments, such as the meat, deli, or
producesections. This can also be placed near other
departments such as bakeries to encourage cross-
promotion of products, such as a ready-made meal
from the produce section.

The standard size of a fish/seafoods display freezer

Frozen Foods The frozen foods display freezers in the

Display supermarkets are specialized refrigerated units or
Freezers display cases where frozen food products are
displayed to the customers.Most of the supermarkets
place the frozen foods display freezers at the back of
the supermarket or adjacent to main store aisles
enabling the customers to navigate the store
 encouraging additional purchases.

The standard size of a frozen foods display freezer

Juice and Dairy The juice and dairy display freezers in the
Display supermarkets are specialized refrigerated units or
Freezers display cases where a variety of dairy products are
displayed to the customers. Most of the supermarkets
place the juice and dairy display freezers at the back
of the supermarket or adjacent to main store
aisles enabling the customers to navigate the store
encouraging additional purchases.

The standard size of a juice and dairy display freezer

Fruits and The fruits and vegetable display in the

Vegetable supermarkets are specialized refrigerated units or
Displays display cases where fruits and vegetable products are
displayed to the customers. Most of the supermarkets
place the fruits and vegetable display near the
entrance or adjacent produce section enabling the
customers to coordinate their shopping for fresh
meals.

The standard size of a fruits and vegetable display

Wine, Liquor, The wine, liquor, and cigarette area in a

and Cigarettes supermarket is a designated section of the store
where alcoholic beverages, including wine and liquor,
as well as tobacco products like cigarettes and other
related items, are displayed and offered for sale. Most
supermarkets locate this area in a separate section
to help control the access and adhere to local
regulations mostly near checkout counters to
encourage last minute purchases.

The standard area for the wine, liquor, and cigarette

section is

MEAT PREPARATION AREA FURNITURE/

EQUIPMENT

Meat Storage The meat storage freezer of a supermarket is a

Freezer designated area designed to preserve and store a
variety of meat products, including fresh meat and
poultry products. It is usually located at the backroom
or the stockroom of a supermarket to maintain a
clean and organized shopping as well as to ensure a
precise temperature control within the freezer to
ensure food and safety standards are met.
 The standard size for a meat storage freezer

Meat The meat preparation area of a supermarket is the Worktables, cutting

Preparation area where the cutting, packaging, sometimes boards, knives,
Area marinating or seasoning of the meat products take slicers
place. It is usually located near the meat department
section or the meat display freezers for efficient
workflow from the preparation to the display of meat
products.

The standard area for the meat preparation area

OPERATIONS AREA FURNITURE/

EQUIPMENT

Manager’s The manager’s office is a workspace in the Desks, chairs,

Office supermarket used by the manager of senior storage
management personnel responsible for overseeing compartments,
the operations and administrative functions of the audio-visual
supermarket. A strategy for locating the manager’s equipment
office would be placing it near the front of the store,
close to the entrance, or the customer service area.
This enables the manager to have a clear view of the
store's entrance and customer activity, enabling them
to address immediate issues and provide assistance
as needed.

The standard area for a manager’s office

Customer The customer service area of a supermarket is an Counters or desks

Service area where customers seek assistance, make
inquiries, resolve issues, and access various services
provided by the store to enhance their shopping
experience. This is usually located near the entrance
or in the central area so that customers can easily
access and seek assistance during their shopping
journey.

The standard area for a customer service area

Accounting The accounting office is a secure workspace in the Desks, storage

Office with supermarket where financial and accounting-related compartments,
Vault tasks are performed. It includes a vault for storing audio-visual
cash and other valuable assets. It is typically located equipment
in the backroom of the supermarket or near the
cash registers for efficient cash collection and
reconciliation.

The standard area of an accounting office

 The standard area for the vault

Purchaser’s The purchaser’s office is a workspace in the Desks, storage

Office supermarket where purchasing and procurement compartments,
activities are managed. It is usually located with near audio-visual
proximity to the manager’s office or the receiving equipment
area for efficient communication and coordination
between the purchasing staff, manager, and the
receiving team.

The standard area for the purchaser’s office

Employee’s The employee’s entrance to the supermarket is an

Entrance access point where employees enter and exit the
store premises. It serves as a controlled point of
access for staff members, providing a secure and
organized means for employees to start and end their
shifts while maintaining store security and safety. It is
usually located in the back-of-the-house area, away
from the main customer entrances and sales floor
with close proximity to other staff areas. This
separation helps maintain a clear distinction between
employee and customer areas.

The standard area for an employee’s entrance

Inspection Area The inspection area of the supermarket is also Metal detector
known as the employee screening area. It is where screenings
store staff undergo security checks, screenings, or
inspections before entering or exiting the premises.It
is usually located near the entrance/exit points of
employees. It must also be near employee areas
where staff members congregate before and after
their shifts.

The standard area for the inspection area is

Locker Room The locker room is an area in the supermarket where Lockers, benches,
employees can store personal belongings and change storage
work attire. It is separated from the customer areas compartments
and is usually located near the employee’s
entrance with close proximity to other employee
areas for easy access.

The standard area for a locker room is

Employee’s The employee’s toilets are designated restroom Water closets,

Toilets facilities in the supermarket to provide employees with vanity, sinks
a convenient and private space to address their
restroom needs while on duty. It is separated from
 the customer area and can only be accessed by the
employees. It is usually located with close proximity
to the employee break rooms/lounge for easy
access.

The standard area for a locker room is

Employee’s The canteen and lounge for the employees is an Tables, chairs,
Canteen and area where employees can enjoy their breaks, have storage shelves,
Lounge meals, recharge, and relax. It must be a relaxing and refrigerators,
inviting space to contribute to their well-being and vending machines
job satisfaction. It must be near other employee
areas such as the locker rooms for easy access
during breaks.

The standard area for a canteen and lounge is

Repacking The repacking area of a supermarket is an area

Area where employees or staff can repackage or
reassemble products for sale or distribution. It is often
located in the backroom or stockroom area to
maintain a clean and organized shopping
environment. It is also advised to locate the repacking
area near the receiving docks to make the repacking
efficient.

The standard area of a repacking area is

Storage Area The storage area of the supermarket is often referred

(1000 sq.m.) to as the backroom or the stockroom. It is where
products and goods are stored and organized. It is
strategically located near the loading docks or the
receiving areas to minimize distance and time
required to transfer products. It is also advised to
separate the storage area from the sales floor.

The standard area of the storage area is

Loading Docks The loading docks are also known as the receiving
(Wet and Dry) area of the supermarket. It is where goods, products,
and supplies are received from suppliers. It is usually
located with close proximity to storage and
stockroom areas to reduce distance required to
transfer products. It is also advised to consider the
sizes of vehicles to ensure the sizes and
clearances for the trucks to enter and exit the
docks.

The standard measurements for a loading docks are

 UTILITY

Mechanical The mechanical rooms are where the mechanical HVAC units,
Rooms and electrical systems, equipment, and utilities are electrical panels,
housed and maintained. It is usually located at the plumbing fixtures,
topmost floor of the supermarket and separate water heaters,
from the customer areas for the maintenance boilers, refrigeration
personnel and contractors, allowing them to perform systems
their duties without disruption to store operations.

The standard area for a mechanical room is

Electrical The electrical rooms are where the electrical Electrical panels,
Rooms systems and equipment are housed and managed. It transformers,
connects the supermarket to the external power grid. switchgears, circuit
It is usually located at the topmost floor of the breakers, UPS
supermarket and separate from the customer units
areas for the maintenance personnel and contractors,
allowing them to perform their duties without
disruption to store operations.

The standard area for a electrical room is

Air Handling The air handling unit (AHU) are vital components of
Unit the supermarket's heating, ventilation, and air
conditioning (HVAC) system. It is usually designed to
efficiently reach all areas of the supermarket,
including sales floors, aisles, storage areas, and
checkout counters therefore it is common to have
multiple AHUs in a building. The location of these
units is in the basement, on the roof or on the
floors of a building.

The sizes for these AHU units are usually

Cold Storage The cold storage condenser is an area within the Condensing units,
Condensers supermarket where condensing units and equipment compressors,
Area associated with the refrigeration and cooling systems condenser coils
are located. It is usually located near to the walk-in
freezers and coolers it serves. This reduces the
distance that refrigerant needs to travel and
minimizes heat loss, increasing energy efficiency.

The standard area for the cold storage condensers is

Escalators and The escalators and stairs in the supermarket are

Stairs designed to provide customers and employees
access to different floors of the building. These
transportation systems are usually located in areas
with high foot traffic to optimize the flow of
 customers in the supermarket. It must also be
inclusive to all customers such as installing ramps
to ensure equitable access for all.

The escalators and stairs have different measurement

requirements. The escalators are

DRIVEWAYS

Customer’s The customer’s parking refers to an area where

Parking/Drivew customers can park their vehicles. It must be located
ay near the entrance as much as possible to maximize
convenience for shoppers. Include directional signs
within the parking area to guide customers to
available parking spaces and the store entrance. It
must also be inclusive to all customers.

The standard size of a parking area is

The standard width of a two-way driveway is usually 7
to 8 meters to allow the opening of doors.

Employee’s The employee’s parking refers to an area where

Parking customers can park their vehicles. It must be located
near the employee’s entrance as much as possible
to maximize walking distance for employees. It should
be separated from the customer’s parking and must
have signages that indicate these.

The standard size of a parking area is

Service The service driveway is a designated area on the

Driveway premises of the supermarket used primarily for
loading and unloading of goods, deliveries, and other
service-related activities. It must be designed in a
one-way or two-way access to ensure orderly
movement of vehicles. It must be located near
storage areas, receiving docks, and back-of-
house facilities for efficient access. If there is a
loading dock, align the service driveway with these
docks to facilitate direct and efficient goods transfer
from delivery vehicles to the store's storage areas.

The standard width of a two-way driveway is usually 7

to 8 meters to allow the opening of doors.

Jeepney Bay The jeepney bays usually belong to the drop off
areas of the supermarket. This is where consumers
and employees who commute via jeepneys
disembark. It is usually located near roads for
jeepneys to have easy access to roads. It must also
 have waiting sheds and seating areas for the
people to comfort themselves.

The standard area for a drop off area is

Taxi Que Area The taxi que area are areas within the premises of
the supermarket where taxis can line up to pick up
passengers. It must be located near the
supermarket’s entrance to minimize the distance
customers must travel to access taxis. Clear
signages and pavement markings can also be used
to indicate the designated taxi queue area, ensuring
that both customers and taxi drivers can easily
identify it.It must also have waiting sheds and
seating areas for the people to comfort themselves.

The standard width for a two-way taxi que width

should be at least 7 meters to allow opening of doors.

V. TRUSS STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS

Truss Structure: Steel Pratt Truss
Figure 2: Dead load on Pratt Truss
Freezer Mechanisms
Supermarkets are defined as large self-
service retail stores who sell various kinds of
goods and daily items. Thus, the need for a
large open space where customers,
employees, and the equipment will be placed
in an organized manner. A review study on
Pratt trusses was done by Ishant Dahant and
Shreyash Watane recently in July 2023. The
study showed that Pratt trusses are suitable
for longer spans, as its configuration allows
for longer diagonal members and better load
distribution. In addition to this information,
Pratt trusses:
-.Offer design flexibility, allowing engineers to
adapt them to various architectural and
structural requirements. Modifications can be
made to the length and arrangement of the
members, depending on the desired aesthetic
appeal and functional performance of the
structure.
- Designed to minimize the amount of
material used while still maintaining structural
integrity. This efficiency in material usage
makes them cost-effective options for
construction projects.
- Can efficiently support the loads typically
found in supermarkets, including the weight of
inventory, shelving, lighting, and HVAC
systems. This structural stability is essential
for the safe and reliable operation of the
store.
*Truss arrangement
Centralized Aircon Centralized Aircon or central A/C is a system
in which the air is cooled in a central location
and is distributed to and from rooms by one
or more fans at ductwork. This works through
supply ducts and registers (openings in the
walls, floors, or ceilings) that carry cooled air
from the air conditioner to the interior of the
building. The cooled air becomes warmer as
it circulates through the building. It flows back
to the central air conditioner through return
ducts and registers and does the cycle all
over again.

There are two types of central air

conditioning: the split system air conditioner
and the packaged central air conditioner. The
most common type to be used in commercial
building is the packaged central air
conditioner. This is because the heat
exchangers, compressor, fan, and blower are
all located in one cabinet, which usually is
placed on a roof or on a concrete slab next to
the building’s foundation. This type of air
conditioner also is used in small commercial
buildings. The supply and return ducts come
from indoors through the home's exterior wall
or roof to connect with the packaged air
conditioner. Packaged air conditioners often
include electric heating coils or a natural gas
furnace. This combination of air conditioner
and central heater eliminates the need for a
separate furnace.

- Must be in an area where the noise

does not bother customers.
- Must be in an area where other
objects and elements will not block the
airflow.
- Thermostat must be located away
from heat sources, such as windows
or supply registers.

*Sizes of central air conditioning system

VI. REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES

REFERENCES
https://www.philstar.com/cebu-business/2009/08/18/496744/problem-areas
https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1907375/cebu/local-news/mandaue-city-turns-over-
concreted-roads-in-3-barangays
https://www.cebucity.gov.ph/23436-2/
https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1894172/cebu/local-news/canduman-vendors-receive-p14m-
livelihood-aid-from-dole
https://www.herdin.ph/index.php?view=research&cid=68033&layout=default_full
https://www.data.pssc.org.ph/docs/department-of-transportation/
https://dotr.gov.ph/data-sets.html
https://cdu.herdin.ph/index.php?view=research&cid=72569
https://en-us.topographic-map.com/map-drctp/Cebu-City/?
center=10.37016%2C123.924&zoom=16
https://weatherspark.com/y/139414/Average-Weather-in-Mandaue-City-Philippines-Year-Round
https://www.facebook.com/MandaueCityPublicInformationOffice/posts/mandaue-bus-route-plan-
intra-city-routes-and-routes-going-to-other-lgusin-prepar/718422562324368/
https://www.us.jll.com/en/views/an-exceptional-mechanical-room-shares-a-front-of-house-
mindset
https://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/buildings/tools/
EPA_BUM_CH11_Supermarkets.pdf
https://theengineeringmindset.com/air-handling-units-explained/
https://www.concretenetwork.com/concrete/concrete_driveways/planning-tips.html
https://www.concretenetwork.com/concrete/concrete_driveways/planning-tips.html
https://www.structuremag.org/?p=13346
https://www.irjmets.com/uploadedfiles/paper//issue_7_july_2023/43146/final/
fin_irjmets1689347630.pdf
https://www.irjmets.com/uploadedfiles/paper//issue_7_july_2023/43146/final/
fin_irjmets1689347630.pdf
https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Lobby
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/checkout-counter
https://cms4files.revize.com/jeffersoncitymo/Requirements%20for%20Push%20Carts.pdf
References:
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/supermarket
https://www.britannica.com/money/supermarket