CLASS-XII

BIOLOGY

Draw and labell

1.Anatropous Ovule
2.Double Fertilization
3.Formation of a Pollen Grain
4.Section of a Seminiferous Tubule
5.Section of a Mammary Gland
6.Structure of an Egg
7.Gametogenesis: Spermatogenesis andOogenesis
8..Embryonic Development

CLASS-XII
BIOLOGY
WORKSHEET-7
CHAPTER-EVOLUTION
1 .State the significance of Coelacanth in evolution.
2 .State the significance of biochemical similarities amongst diverse organism in evolution.
3 .Name the common ancestors of the great apes and man.
4 .When does a species become founders to cause founder effect ?
Q5 What does Hardy- Weinberg equation p2
+2pq+q2=1 convey?
6 .Mention how is mutation theory of Hugo de Vries different from Darwin’s theory of natural
selection.
7.What causes speciation according to Hugo de Vries ?
8. Sweet potato and potato tubers are the result of convergent evolution. Justify the
statement.
9 .Identify the examples of convergent evolution from the following:
i) Flippers of penguins and dolphin
ii) Eyes of octopus and mammals
iii) Vertebrate brains
10. Are the wing of a bird and the forelimb of a horse homologous or analogous? Name the
type of evolution that explain the development of such structures.
11. What did Louis Pasteur’s experiment on killed yeast demonstrate ? Name the theory that
got disproved on the basis of experiment.
12 .State the significance of the study of fossils in evolution.
13 .Name any two vertebrate body parts that are homologous to human forelimbs.
14 .What was the composition of the primitive atmosphere that favoured abiotic origin of life
on earth ?
15 .Write the Oparin and Haldane’s hypothesis about the origin of life on earth. How does
meteorite analysis favour this hypothesis ?
16. Mention the contribution of S.L Miller’s experiment on origin of life.
17 .Give one example of analogy and homology in plants .

18 .What is adaptive radiation ? Explain with the help of a suitable example where adaptive
radiation has occurred to represent convergent evolution.
19. Convergent evolution and divergent evolution are the two concepts explaining organic
evolution. Explain each one with the help of an example.
20. Branching descent and natural selection are the two key concepts of Darwinian theory of
evolution. Explain each concept with the help of suitable example.
21.How do Darwin and de Vries differ in their views on the mechanism of evolution of life on
earth ?
22 .State Hardy- Weinberg principle of genetic equilibrium . Knowing the genetic drift
disturbs this equilibrium , mention what does this disturbance in genetic equilibrium lead to.
23 .In England during the post industrialized period, the count of melanic moths increased in
urban areas but remained low in rural areas. Explain.
24 .What is divergent evolution ? Explain taking an example of plants.
25 .Explain adaptive radiation and convergent evolution by taking example of some of
Australian marsupials and Australian placental mammals.
26 .How do Darwin’s finches illustrate adaptive radiation ?
27 Explain giving two reasons why pollen grains can be best preserved as fossils .
28 .How does Darwin’s theory of Natural Selection explain the appearance of new forms of
life on earth ?
29 .Anthropogenic action can hasten the evolution. Explain with the help of a suitable example.
)30Write your observations on the variation seen in the Darwin’s finches .
b) How did Darwin explain the existence of different varieties of finches on Galapagos
Islands ?