Biologi Pertanian

PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Light, energy and life

By. Dwika Karima Wardani, S.P.,M.P

 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1 2 3

explain the know how explain the

process of photosynthesis importance of
photosynthesis works photosynthesis
 Timeline
17th Century Year 1779 Year 1854
First description of
Experiments on plant
photosynthesis, process by Identification of
growth reveal that plants
which green plants absorb Chlorophyll as the primary
absorb water, but not soil,
carbon dioxide and release pigment responsible for
for their development.
oxygen, and water into glucose. photoshynthesis.

18th Century Year 1845 Year 18960

First theory of photosynthetic Consolidation of photosynthesis
Discovery of oxygen and its
metabolism, stating that as a fundamental biochemical
relationship with the release
plants convert light into process that sustains life
of "vital air" by plants.
chemical energy. on Earth.
 The word comes from Greek:

Photosynthesis
PHOTO: LIGHT SYNTHESIS: COMPOSITION
 PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Photosynthesis is a plant's method of

producing its own food. It utilizes
sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide
to craft a special sugar known as
glucose. This entire process takes
place in the plant's green parts, such
as its leaves.
 Photosynthesis
It is a chemical process that involves the conversion
of inorganic matter into organic matter through the
energy provided by sunlight.

6CO 2 + 6H2 O C 6 H12 O 6 + 6O 2

CARBON DIOXIDE WATER GLUCOSE OXYGEN
 PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Chlorophyll absorbs the energy
from the sun, combining it with
carbon dioxide and water to
create oxygen. This process
transforms raw materials into
sugar or glucose. Glucose is food
for the plant. Another by-
product of photosynthesis is the
synthesis of oxygen.
WHAT DO PLANTS NEED FOR
PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
 SUNLIGHT
Sunlight serves as the primary source of
energy for plants.

WATER
Plants need water to mix with the
carbon dioxide and sunlight.
 CHLOROPHYLL
Chlorophyll captures the sunlight and
helps turn it into food.

CARBON DIOXIDE
Plants require carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere.
Harnessing sunlight
Light capture:
Pigments like chlorophyll absorb light energy, propelling
electrons in photosystems.

ATP generation:
The released electrons create a flow that drives ATP
synthesis, storing chemical energy.

NADPH production:
Another stream of electrons generates NADPH, an
energy and electron carrier molecule.

Oxygen release:
The water molecule splits, releasing oxygen crucial for
the atmosphere and respiration.
 Transforming energy
CO2 capture:
The enzyme RuBisCO fixes carbon dioxide (CO2) into
organic compounds in the Calvin cycle.

Sugar formation:
The resulting molecules convert into sugars, utilizing ATP
and NADPH from the light-dependent phase.

RuBisCO regeneration:
Molecules enabling CO2 capture regenerate, ensuring
cycle continuity.

Readying for new cycles:

The cycle persists, creating sugars and regenerating
molecules for CO2 fixation in future iterations.
 Graphic summary
Sunlight
Carbon
Water dioxide

NADP+

ADP

Thylakoid
Pi

Stroma
Calvin
Grana

Lamella cycle

ATP

NADPH

Oxygen Glucose
 Photosynthetic organisms

MICROALGAE PLANTS MACROALGAE BACTERIA

The primary producers of They are the primary Habitat and food for Some cyanobacteria
oxygen on Earth, and they terrestrial photosynthetic various marine organisms, perform photosynthesis,
also form the foundation of organisms, sustaining life and also contributing to being essential for the
aquatic food webs. regulating the climate. ecological balance. carbon and oxygen cycle.
Importance
Vital energy source:
Photosynthesis converts sunlight into chemical energy,
nourishing plants and initiating food webs on Earth.

Oxygen production:
Photosynthetic organisms release oxygen as a byproduct,
sustaining the respiration of most living beings and
enriching the atmosphere with this gas.

Climate regulation:
Photosynthesis absorbs carbon dioxide, aiding in climate
change control and maintaining the balance of the
greenhouse effect.
 THANK YOU FOR
YOUR ATTENTION!

Any questions?