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RELAY COORDINATION
Basic Information

PRESENTED BY-
Shailendra Verma
Sagar Dharmadhikari
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General Circuit Diagram For Relay

200/1 Amp
P1 P2
150 Amp

150 Amp

150 Amp

C71
S2

R Ph O/C (51R)
0.75 Amp S1 C11
E/F (51N)
0.75 Amp S1 C31
0.0 Amp
B Ph O/C (51B)
0.75 Amp S1 C51
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A11
1S1R
1S2R
R Ph CT
Core-3 Core-2 Core-1
Yard MB Wiring 1S3R
1S1Y
A31

1S2Y
1S3Y
A51
1S1B
1S2B
A71
1S3B
2S1R
C11
2S2R
Y Ph CT 2S3R
Core-3 Core-2 Core-1
2S1Y
C31
2S2Y
2S3Y
C51
2S1B
2S2B
C71
2S3B
D71
3S1R
B Ph CT 3S2R
Core-3 Core-2 Core-1
3S3R
D11
3S1Y
3S2Y
3S3Y
D31
3S1B
3S2B
3S3B
D51
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A11
1S1R
1S2R
R Ph CT
Core-3 Core-2 Core-1
Yard MB Wiring 1S3R
1S1Y
A31

1S2Y
1S3Y
A51
1S1B
1S2B
A71
1S3B
2S1R
C11
2S2R
Y Ph CT 2S3R
Core-3 Core-2 Core-1
2S1Y
C31
2S2Y
2S3Y
C51
2S1B
2S2B
C71
2S3B
D71
3S1R
B Ph CT 3S2R
Core-3 Core-2 Core-1
3S3R
D11
3S1Y
3S2Y
3S3Y
D31
3S1B
3S2B
3S3B
D51
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Terminal Diagram of MiComP141

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200/1 Amp
P1 P2
1500 Amp

C71
S2

R Ph O/C (51R)
7.5 Amp S1 C11
E/F (51N)
S1 C31
7.5 Amp
B Ph O/C (51B)
S1 C51
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Relay Operation Time

E/F PSM 30% i.e. 0.3 Amp
E/F Relay Current 7.5 Amp
E/F Relay Current is 7.5/0.3 = 25 Times
its operating current
From Graph for 25 Times relay operating
current for TMS = 0.15 relay time of
operation would be @ 0.35 Sec

O/C PSM 100%

O/C Relay Current 7.5 Amp
It is 7.5 times relay operating current
From graph for 7.5 Times relay operating
current and for TMS = 0.1 time of
operation for the relay would be 0.35 Sec

( Zoom out Graph)

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Relay Operation Time

Actually our problem is to decide relay settings and relay operating time.

Hence Unknowns are

Relay setting ampere
Relay TMS

Whereas known facts are

Relay placement and purpose of use
Relay current during fault ( i.e. CT secondary current during fault. )
Relay desired time of operation.

General Steps
1) Decide PSM
2) Find out fault current
3) Find out multiple of relay set current as per decided PSM in step-1
4) Find out time of operation for above multiple of current and TMS=1 using
relay characteristic curve
5) Decide relay time of operation as per protection needs
6) Find out TMS = Required Time of operation /Time of operation with TMS =1
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O/C E/F Relay & Time Coordination

• General mathematical formula for time

characteristic of the relay as per IEC
Standards
K
Time Of Operation = ---------------------
( ( Is/Ib) α - 1 )
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O/C E/F Relay & Time Coordination

• General mathematical formula for time

characteristic of the relay shown on
previous slide, with parameter values for
different curves are shown here
Characteristic α K
Normal Inverse 0.02 0.14
Very Inverse 1 13.5
Extremely Inverse 2 80
Long Time Inverse 1 120
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O/C E/F Relay & Time Coordination
Introduction
A B C

R3 R2 R1

500 ms 350 ms 110 ms

1) Consider a representative part of a power system as shown above.

2) It is being protected by over current relay
3) Typical expected time of operation for over current relays are as shown
4) Next,we will see
a) What is mean by relay characteristics curve
b) How relay characteristic curve suites our protection needs
c) How it helps us in deciding relay time of operation
d) Workout relay settings so that they shall
operate at expected time
e) Methodology being adopted for selective tripping by over current
relay including directional relay
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RECOMMENDED TIME DELAY

A B C
S
R3 R2 R1

40 sec. 25 sec. 10 sec.

A B C
S
R3 R2 R1

180 ms 220 ms 200 ms

S
R3 R2 R1

500 ms 300 ms 100 ms

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THANK YOU