Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology 9th Edition Martini Test Bank Download

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Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology, 9e (Martini)
Chapter 8 The Appendicular Skeleton
Multiple-Choice Questions
1) Which of the following bones is not part of the appendicular skeleton?

A) scapula
B) tibia
C) sacrum
D) coxal bones
E) metacarpals
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 8-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
2) Which of the following is not a component of the appendicular skeleton?

A) scapula
B) coxal bone
C) femur
D) sternum
E) humerus
Answer: D
3) The three sides of this bone form a broad triangle.

A) radius
B) clavicle
C) vertebra
D) sternum
E) scapula
Answer: E
4) The scapula is roughly triangular in shape. Which of the following are correct terms for the
borders?
A) superior, medial, and lateral borders
B) dorsal and costal borders
C) anterior and posterior borders
D) scapular and clavicular borders
E) pectoral borders
Answer: A
1
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
5) The only direct connection between the pectoral girdle and the axial skeleton is where the
A) clavicle articulates with the humerus.
B) clavicle articulates with the manubrium of the sternum.
C) coxal bones articulate with the femur.
D) vertebral column articulates with the sacrum.
E) clavicle articulates with the xiphoid process.
Answer: B
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
6) The clavicle articulates with the

A) coracoid process and the humerus.
B) glenoid cavity and scapular spine.
C) acromial and coracoid processes.
D) manubrium and xiphoid process.
E) acromial process and the manubrium.
Answer: E
7) The clavicle articulates with the scapula

A) distally with the coracoid process.
B) distally with the glenoid cavity.
C) distally with the acromion.
D) distally with the manubrium.
E) proximally with the coracoid cavity.
Answer: C
8) Which of these constitutes the pectoral girdle?

A) clavicles only
B) clavicles and scapulae
C) clavicles, scapulae, and humerus
D) clavicles, scapulae, humerus, radius, and ulna
E) clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, and carpal bones
Answer: B
2
9) Which of the following is located closest to the jugular notch?
A) medial end of scapula
B) medial end of clavicle
C) lateral end of scapula
D) lateral end of clavicle
E) xiphoid process
Answer: B
10) Which of these adapts the pectoral girdle to a wide range of movement?
A) heavy bones
B) relatively weak joints
C) tough ligaments and tendons
D) strong joint between scapula and ribs
E) flexible sternum
Answer: B
11) Which of these is most commonly fractured in a fall?

A) radius
B) scapula
C) clavicle
D) navicular
E) glenoid cavity
Answer: C
3
Figure 8-1 The Scapula
Use Figure 8-1 to answer the following questions:
12) Identify the structure labeled "1."

A) spine
B) scapular process
C) acromion
D) coracoid process
E) scapular notch
Answer: D

A) glenoid cavity
B) acetabulum
C) scapular cavity
D) scapular notch
E) rotator cup
Answer: A
4
14) Which structure is the acromion?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: E

A) acromion
B) scapular process
C) spine
D) coracoid process
E) scapular notch
Answer: C
16) What bone articulates on the structure labeled "2"?

A) femur
B) clavicle
C) humerus
D) manubrium
E) radius
Answer: C
17) Which of these features is located near the proximal end of the humerus?
A) medial epicondyle
B) lateral epicondyle
C) greater tubercle
D) olecranon fossa
E) capitulum
Answer: C
5
18) The depression on the posterior surface at the distal end of the humerus is the
A) olecranon fossa.
B) coronoid fossa.
C) radial fossa.
D) intertubercular groove.
E) radial groove.
Answer: A
19) The head of the humerus articulates with the

A) trochlear notch.
B) glenoid cavity.
C) acetabulum.
D) carpal bones.
E) coxal bone.
Answer: B
20) The glenohumeral joint, or shoulder joint, is an articulation between which two bones?
A) humerus and ulna
B) scapula and humerus
C) clavicle and scapula
D) clavicle and humerus
E) clavicle and sternum
Answer: B
21) In the anatomical position, the ulna is located ________ to the radius.
A) distal
B) proximal
C) medial
D) superior
E) lateral
Answer: C
6
22) The condyle of the humerus consists of the
A) medial and lateral epicondyles.
B) trochlea and olecranon fossa.
C) capitulum and trochlea.
D) head and neck.
E) capitulum and coronoid process.
Answer: C
23) Which of these surface features occur on the ulna?

A) olecranon
B) styloid process
C) trochlear notch
D) radial notch
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: E
24) There are ________ carpal bones located in the wrist, which form ________ rows of bones
in the wrist.
A) 2; 8
B) 10; 3
C) 4; 2
D) 8; 2
E) 6; 2
Answer: D
25) The bones that form the fingers are the

A) carpals.
B) tarsals.
C) metacarpals.
D) metatarsals.
E) phalanges.
Answer: E
7
26) Each hand has ________ phalangeal bones.
A) 15
B) 20
C) 14
D) 18
E) 10
Answer: C
27) The rough surface feature present along the lateral border of the shaft of the humerus is the
A) radial groove.
B) medial epicondyle.
C) lateral epicondyle.
D) deltoid tuberosity.
E) coronoid process.
Answer: D
28) The bones that give the hand a wide range of motion are the
A) carpals.
B) tarsals.
C) metacarpals.
D) metatarsals.
E) phalanges.
Answer: A
29) The head of the radius articulates with the

A) trochlea.
B) capitulum.
C) carpals.
D) olecranon process.
E) styloid process.
Answer: B
8
30) The carpus contains ________ bones.
A) 4
B) 5
C) 6
D) 7
E) 8
Answer: E
31) The hand has ________ wrist and ________ palm bones.
A) 5; 5
B) 10; 5
C) 8; 4
D) 8; 5
E) 4; 5
Answer: D
32) Which of the following is not an upper limb bone?

A) ulna
B) radius
C) humerus
D) metatarsals
E) carpals
Answer: D
33) The ________ of the radius helps stabilize the wrist joint.
A) olecranon process
B) coronoid process
C) styloid process
D) radial tuberosity
E) capitulum
Answer: C
9
34) The bones that form the palm are the
A) carpals.
B) tarsals.
C) metacarpals.
D) metatarsals.
E) phalanges.
Answer: C
35) Tina falls and fractures her pisiform bone. What part of her body was injured?
A) foot
B) forearm
C) wrist
D) hand
E) ankle
Answer: C
10
Figure 8-2 The Humerus
36) Which structure articulates with the glenoid cavity?

A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6
E) 7
Answer: C
11
A) olecranon process
B) medial epicondyle
C) lateral epicondyle
D) greater tubercle
E) trochlea
Answer: B
38) When the arm is straight, which structure accepts the olecranon?
A) 1
B) 3
C) 4
D) 8
E) 9
Answer: D
39) Identify the place where the humerus often fractures.

A) 1
B) 2
C) 5
D) 6
E) 7
Answer: D
40) Which structure does the radius rotate upon?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: C
12
41) Which of the following is not a part of the pelvis?
A) sacrum
B) coccyx
C) coxal bone
D) lumbar vertebrae
E) pubic symphysis
Answer: D
42) What bone articulates with the coxal bone at the acetabulum?
A) sacrum
B) femur
C) humerus
D) tibia
E) fibula
Answer: B
43) When seated, the weight of the body is borne by the

A) ischial tuberosities.
B) posterior inferior iliac spines.
C) iliac crests.
D) obturator foramina.
E) inferior rami of the pubis.
Answer: A
44) The pubic and ischial rami encircle the

A) pubic symphysis.
B) lesser sciatic notch.
C) greater sciatic notch.
D) obturator foramen.
E) acetabulum.
Answer: D
13
45) The largest component of the coxal bone is the
A) pubis.
B) ischium.
C) ilium.
D) femur.
E) tibia.
Answer: C
46) A male has a ________ pelvic outlet when compared to the woman's pelvic outlet.
A) larger
B) longer
C) smaller
D) wider
E) deeper
Answer: C
47) Each coxal bone consists of the following three fused bones:
A) ulna, radius, and humerus
B) ilium, ischium, and pubis
C) femur, tibia, and fibula
D) hamate, capitate, and trapezium
E) femur, patella, and tibia
Answer: B
48) The superior border of the ilium that acts as a point of attachment for both ligaments and
muscles is the
A) anterior iliac spine.
B) acetabulum.
C) posterior superior iliac spine.
D) iliac crest.
E) iliac notch.
Answer: D
14
49) The sacrum articulates with the
A) ilium.
B) ischium.
C) pubis.
D) ilium and ischium.
E) ischium and pubis.
Answer: A
50) The ilium, ischium, and pubis fuse into a single bone called the
A) patella.
B) pelvis.
C) pectoral girdle.
D) coccyx.
E) coxal bone.
Answer: E
51) The coxal bone and sacrum combine to form the

A) pelvis.
B) pelvic girdle.
C) hips.
D) pectoral girdle.
E) pubic symphysis.
Answer: A
52) Which surface feature(s) along the ilium mark(s) attachment sites for large hip muscles?
A) iliac spines
B) greater sciatic notch
C) gluteal lines
D) lesser sciatic notch
E) pubic symphysis
Answer: C
15
53) The greater sciatic notch is a feature on the
A) ilium.
B) ischium.
C) pubis.
D) femur.
E) patella.
Answer: A
54) The pelvic organs are mostly found within the

A) ishial spine.
B) iliac fossa.
C) ishial fossa.
D) obturator foramen.
E) pubic symphysis.
Answer: B
55) The longest and heaviest bone in the body is the

A) humerus.
B) femur.
C) tibia.
D) fibula.
E) coxal bone.
Answer: B
56) Which of the following is the heel bone?

A) talus
B) navicular
C) calcaneus
D) cuboid
E) patella
Answer: C
16
57) The distal end of the tibia articulates with the
A) talus.
B) fibula.
C) patella.
D) calcaneus.
E) coxal bone.
Answer: A
58) The longest bone is the

A) coxal bone.
B) sternum.
C) humerus.
D) femur.
E) tibia.
Answer: D
59) The foot has ________ ankle bones and ________ bones in the sole.
A) 5; 5
B) 7; 5
C) 8; 4
D) 8; 5
E) 4; 5
Answer: B
60) The part of the tibia that is easily felt through the skin is and is known as the shin is the
A) medial malleolus.
B) anterior crest.
C) tibial tuberosity.
D) articular facet.
E) anterior margin.
Answer: E
17
61) The patella slides in a groove on the femur called the
A) medial and lateral condyles.
B) interpatellar groove.
C) patellar surface.
D) femoral head.
E) patellar canal.
Answer: C
62) The linea aspera is located on the

A) humerus.
B) tibia.
C) ischium.
D) femur.
E) scapula.
Answer: D
63) The lateral malleolus is found on the

A) femur.
B) tibia.
C) fibula.
D) patella.
E) calcaneus.
Answer: C
64) The Achilles tendon attaches to which anatomical structure?

A) cuboid bone
B) calcaneus
C) talus
D) lesser trochanter
E) patella.
Answer: B
18
65) The medial border of the fibula is bound to the ________ by the interosseous membrane.
A) femur
B) tibia
C) patella
D) navicular
E) femur and the tibia
Answer: B
66) Another name for the first toe is

A) hallux.
B) pollex.
C) hyoid.
D) lateral cuneiform.
E) phalanx.
Answer: A
67) The tarsus contains ________ bones.

A) 4
B) 5
C) 6
D) 7
E) 8
Answer: D
68) The weight of the body is supported by the

A) distal metacarpals.
B) proximal metatarsals.
C) distal ends of the metatarsals.
D) calcaneus.
E) distal metacarpals and the calcaneus.
Answer: E
19
69) Which of the following is not a lower limb bone?
A) fibula
B) ulna
C) metatarsal
D) patella
E) femur
Answer: B
70) The hand has 15 phalangeal bones; the foot has 14 phalangeal bones.
A) The first statement is true but the second statement is false.
B) The first statement is false but the second statement is true.
C) The first statement is true and the second statement is true.
D) The first statement is false and the second statement is false.
E) too much anatomical variability to be sure
Answer: B
71) Tom stumbles and injures his hallux. What part of his anatomy is injured?
A) his hand
B) his foot
C) his ankle
D) his knee
E) his hip
Answer: B
72) The talus contacts the

A) calcaneus.
B) navicular bone.
C) tibia.
D) calcaneus and navicular bones.
E) tibia, calcaneus, and navicular bones.
Answer: E
20
73) Compared to the hand, the foot
A) has more phalanges.
B) has fewer metatarsals than the hand has metacarpals.
C) has more tarsal bones than the hand has carpal bones.
D) contains arches that help distribute body weight.
E) has the same number of tarsal bones as the hand has carpal bones.
Answer: D
74) When standing normally, most of your weight is transmitted to the ground by the
A) distal ends of the metatarsals and calcaneus.
B) talus and proximal metatarsals.
C) calcaneus and talus.
D) talus and cuneiforms.
E) calcaneus and proximal metatarsals.
Answer: A
75) The condition known as "flat feet" is due to a lower-than-normal longitudinal arch in the
foot. A problem with which of the following would most likely contribute to this condition?
A) a loose Achilles tendon
B) weak tarsometatarsal joints
C) weakness in the ligaments that attach the calcaneus to the distal ends of the metatarsals
D) weakness in the ligaments that attach the talus to the tibia
E) poor alignment of the phalanges with the metatarsals
Answer: C
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
21
Figure 8-3 The Femur
76) Which structure articulates with the acetabulum?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 5
E) 9
Answer: D
77) Identify the diaphysis of the femur.

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 5
E) 7
Answer: E
22
A) greater trochanter
B) linea aspera
C) head
D) lateral epicondyle
E) lateral condyle
Answer: A

B) linea aspera
C) head
E) lateral condyle
Answer: B

B) lesser trochanter
C) head
E) lateral condyle
Answer: D
23
Figure 8-4 Bones of the Ankle and Foot
81) Identify the bones labeled "9."

A) metatarsals
B) carpals
C) metacarpals
D) tarsals
E) coxae
Answer: A
82) Identify the bones named for their wedge shape.

A) 3
B) 8
C) 7
D) 1
E) 2
Answer: B
24
83) On which bone does the tibia press?
A) 1
B) 7
C) 9
D) 2
E) 3
Answer: D
84) Identify the bone labeled "7."

A) cuboid
B) cuneiform I
C) navicular
D) talus
E) calcaneus
Answer: C
85) Identify the bone labeled "1."

A) talus
B) calcaneus
C) cuneiform V
D) cuboid
E) metatarsal
Answer: B
86) Compared to the male pelvis, the female pelvis

A) is larger.
B) is heavier.
C) has a greater angle inferior to the pubic symphysis.
D) has a thicker ischial tuberosity.
E) has deep acetabula.
Answer: C
25
87) Which of the following is not a characteristic of the male pelvis?
A) heavy, rough textured bone
B) heart-shaped pelvic inlet
C) angle of pubic arch greater than 100 degrees
D) relatively deep iliac fossa
E) ilia extend far above sacrum
Answer: C
88) The clearest distinction between a male and female skeleton is seen in the characteristics of
the
A) skull.
B) pelvis.
C) sacrum.
D) teeth.
E) thoracic cage.
Answer: B
89) Which of the following is a not characteristic of the female pelvis?

A) triangular obturator foramen
B) coccyx points anteriorly
C) sacrum broad and short
D) bone markings not very prominent
E) ischial spine points posteriorly
Answer: B
90) Study of human skeletons can reveal information concerning the person's
A) sex.
B) age and nutritional status.
C) size and handedness.
D) health.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: E
26
91) Which of the following is not an age-related change in the skeleton?
A) closure of the fontanels
B) bone remodeling
C) reduction in mineral content
D) appearance of major vertebral curves
E) fusion of the coxal bones
Answer: B
92) On a field trip you discover a skeleton with the following characteristics: the acetabulum is
directed laterally, the ischial spine points medially, and the angle inferior to the pubic symphysis
is less than 90 degrees. The long bones of the arms and legs are relatively light and show
epiphyseal plates. This skeleton is probably from
A) a young male.
B) a young female.
C) an elderly male.
D) an elderly female.
E) cannot tell on the basis of this information
Answer: A
Short Answer Questions
93) The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the upper and lower extremities and their
supporting elements called ________.
Answer: girdles
94) The girdles of the appendicular skeleton support the bones of the ________.
Answer: limbs
95) Two prominent features of the clavicle are the conoid tubercle at the distal end and the
________ tuberosity at the proximal end.
Answer: costal
96) The scapula articulates with the humerus at the ________ joint.
Answer: glenohumeral
27
97) The ________ are S-shaped bones that articulate lateral to the jugular notch.
Answer: clavicles
98) The radius and ulna are bound to each other by a(n) ________ ligament.
Answer: interosseous
99) The trochlea is located on the ________.

Answer: humerus
100) The bones of the palm are called ________ bones.

Answer: metacarpal
101) The bones of the forearm, or ________, consist of the radius and ulna.
Answer: antebrachium
102) Match the term with its key characteristics.

1. lunate A) pea-shaped
2. triquetrum B) comma-shaped
3. pisiform C) pyramid-shaped
Answer: 1-B; 2-C; 3-A
103) The two pubic bones join medially at the ________.

Answer: pubic symphysis
104) The pelvic ________ is bordered by the coccyx, the ischial tuberosities, and the inferior
border of the pubic symphysis.
Answer: outlet
28
105) The space enclosed by the true pelvis is called the ________.
Answer: pelvic inlet (or pelvic cavity)
106) The medial malleolus is located on the ________ bone.

Answer: tibia
107) The ligament that surrounds the ________ attaches to the tibial tuberosity.
Answer: patella
108) A ligament attaches the acetabulum to the femur at the ________, a small pit in the center
of the femoral head.
Answer: fovea capitis
Essay Questions
109) Why is it necessary for the bones of the pelvic girdle to be more massive than the bones of
the pectoral girdle?
Answer: The pelvic girdle must withstand the load of bearing and moving the entire body
whereas the pectoral girdle only supports the upper limbs.
110) What is the distinction between the false pelvis and the true pelvis?
Answer: The true pelvis encloses the pelvic cavity and its superior limit is a line that extends
from either side of the base of the sacrum, along the arcuate line and pectineal line to the pubic
symphysis. The false pelvis consists of the expanded, bladelike portions of each ilium superior to
the pelvic brim.
111) Describe the pelvic adaptations to childbearing in the female.

Answer: These include: an enlarged pelvic outlet, a broader pubic angle, less curvature on the
sacrum and coccyx, wider and more circular pelvic inlet, a relatively broad pelvis that does not
extend as far superiorly, and ilia that project farther laterally, but do not extend as far superior to
the sacrum.
29
112) Describe how the arches of the foot assist in weight distribution.
Answer: The arches absorb shock as weight distribution shifts during movements. The
longitudinal arch absorbs most of the shock of steps, while the transverse arch distributes the
weight evenly.
113) To settle a bet, you need to measure the length of your lower limb (head of femur to distal
condyle of tibia). What landmarks would you use to make the measurement?
Answer: You could feel the inferior iliac notch, which is at the same level as the head of the
femur. You could feel the medial malleolus of the tibia at the ankle.
30

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Fundamentals of Anatomy and

Physiology 9th Edition Martini Test

1) Which of the following bones is not part of the appendicular skeleton?

2) Which of the following is not a component of the appendicular skeleton?

3) The three sides of this bone form a broad triangle.

6) The clavicle articulates with the

7) The clavicle articulates with the scapula

8) Which of these constitutes the pectoral girdle?

11) Which of these is most commonly fractured in a fall?

12) Identify the structure labeled "1."

13) Identify the structure labeled "2."

15) Identify the structure labeled "7."

16) What bone articulates on the structure labeled "2"?

19) The head of the humerus articulates with the

23) Which of these surface features occur on the ulna?

25) The bones that form the fingers are the

29) The head of the radius articulates with the

32) Which of the following is not an upper limb bone?

36) Which structure articulates with the glenoid cavity?

39) Identify the place where the humerus often fractures.

40) Which structure does the radius rotate upon?

43) When seated, the weight of the body is borne by the

44) The pubic and ischial rami encircle the

51) The coxal bone and sacrum combine to form the

54) The pelvic organs are mostly found within the

55) The longest and heaviest bone in the body is the

56) Which of the following is the heel bone?

58) The longest bone is the

62) The linea aspera is located on the

63) The lateral malleolus is found on the

64) The Achilles tendon attaches to which anatomical structure?

66) Another name for the first toe is

67) The tarsus contains ________ bones.

68) The weight of the body is supported by the

72) The talus contacts the

76) Which structure articulates with the acetabulum?

77) Identify the diaphysis of the femur.

79) Identify the structure labeled "12."

80) Identify the structure labeled "3."

81) Identify the bones labeled "9."

82) Identify the bones named for their wedge shape.

84) Identify the bone labeled "7."

85) Identify the bone labeled "1."

86) Compared to the male pelvis, the female pelvis

89) Which of the following is a not characteristic of the female pelvis?

Short Answer Questions

99) The trochlea is located on the ________.

100) The bones of the palm are called ________ bones.

102) Match the term with its key characteristics.

103) The two pubic bones join medially at the ________.

106) The medial malleolus is located on the ________ bone.

111) Describe the pelvic adaptations to childbearing in the female.

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