COMMONWEALTH HIGH SCHOOL

Ecol St., Commonwealth, Quezon City

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

Core Subject

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
WEEK 1

FUNCTIONS AND ITS OPERATIONS

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES

At the end of the module, the students should be able to:
1. represents real-life situations using functions, including piece-wise functions;
[M11GM-Ia-1]
2. evaluates a function; [M11GM-Ia-2]
3. performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and composition of
functions; and [M11GM-Ia-3]
4. solves problems involving functions. [M11GM-Ia-4]

FUNCTIONS IN REAL-LIFE
Functions can often be used to model real life situations. Identifying an
appropriate functional model will lead to a better understanding of various phenomena.

Examples:
1. Give a function C that can represent the cost of buying x meals, if one meal costs
40php.
Answer: C  40x
2. A tour costs each student 200php, and a fixed price for the bus of 1000php.
Represent the total cost of the tour (C) if there are x students in a class.
Answer: C  200x  1000
3. A jeepney ride costs 8php for the first 4 kilometers and each additional integer
kilometer adds 1.50php to the fare. Represent the situation using a function
where y is the cost of the fare and x is the number of kilometers.
 8 if 0  d  4
Answer: y  
8  1.5d if d  4

Definitions
 A function is a relation where each element in the domain is related to only one
value in the range by some rule.
 The domain of a relation or function is the set of all possible values that the
variable x can take.
 The range of a relation or function is the set of all resulting values for some values
in the domain.

1|Gener al Ma thema tics Qua rter 1

EVALUATING FUNCTIONS
Definition
Evaluating functions means replacing the variable in the function, in this case x,
with a value from the function’s domain and computing for the result. To denote that we
are evaluating f at a for some a in the domain of f, we write f a  .
Examples:
Evaluate each function based on the given value of x.
1. f  x   2x  7 when x  5 2. f  x   3x 2  5x  8 when x  2
Solution: Solution:
f  x   2x  7 f  x   3x 2  5x  8
f  5  2  5  7 f 2  3 2  5 2  8
2

f  5  10  7 f 2  3  4  5 2  8

f  5  3 f 2  12  10  8
f  2  10

3. f  x   5x  1 solve f  2 3x  5
4. f  x   solve f  3
Solution: 2x  3
Solution:
f  x   5x  1
3x  5
f x  
f  2  5 2  1 2x  3
f  2  10  1 3  3  5
f  3 
2  3  3
f  2  9
9  5
f 2  3 f  3 
6  3
4
f  3 
9
4
f  3 
9
Self Check 1
Evaluate each function with the given value of x.
1. f  x   2x  1 when x  1.5
2. f  x   4x 2  x  9 when x  1
3. f  x   8x  9 solve f  2
4x  7
4. f  x   solve f  4
x 1
ACTIVITY 1 (GMQ1W1A1)
Evaluate each function based on the given values of x.

1. f  x   5x  7 when x  1
2. f  x   2x 2  3x  2 when x  3
3. f  x   3x  1 when x  5
4. f  x   3x 2  2 when x  2
4x  1
5. f  x   when x  1
3x  2

2|Gener al Ma thema tics Qua rter 1

OPERATIONS OF FUNCTIONS
Definition
Let f and g be functions
 Their sum, denoted by f  g , is the functions defined by
f  g  x   f  x   g  x  .
 Their difference, denoted by f  g , is the functions defined by
f  g  x   f  x   g  x  .
 Their product, denoted by f  g , is the functions defined by
f  g  x   f  x   g  x  .
f f  f x 
 Their quotient, denoted by , is the functions defined by    x   .
g g g x 
Examples:
Given the functions f  x   2x  4 and g  x   4x  6 , find the following:
1. f  g  x  f 
4.   x 
2. f  g  x  g
3. f  g  x 

Solutions:
1. Find  f  g  x  given f  x   2x  4 2. Find  f  g  x  given f  x   2x  4
and g  x   4x  6 . and g  x   4x  6 .
f  g  x   f  x   g  x  f  g  x   f  x   g  x 
f  g  x    2x  4   4x  6 f  g  x   2x  4   4x  6
f  g  x   2x  4  4x  6 f  g  x   2x  4  4x  6
f  g  x   6x  10 f  g  x   2x  2
3. Find  f  g  x  given f  x   2x  4 f 
4. Find    x  given f  x   2x  4
and g  x   4x  6 . g
f  g  x   f  x   g  x  and g  x   4x  6 .
f  g  x   2x  4 4x  6 f  f x 
  x  
f  g  x   8x 2  12x  16x  24 g g x 

f  g  x   8x 2  28x  24 f  2x  4
  x  
g 4x  6
f  2  x  2
  x  
g 2  x  3
f  x 2
  x  
g x 3

Self Check 2
Given the functions f  x   3x  9 and g  x   6x  3 , find the following:
1. f  g  x 
2. f  g  x 
3. f  g  x 
f 
4.    x 
g
3|Gener al Ma thema tics Qua rter 1
ACTIVITY 2 (GMQ1W1A2)

Given the functions f  x   15x  3 and g  x   6x  9 , find the following:

1. f  g  x 
2. f  g  x 
3. f  g  x 
f 
4.    x 
g
5.  g  f  x 

COMPOSITION OF FUNCTIONS
Definition
Let f and g be functions. The composite function, denoted by  f g  x  , defined
by f g  x   f g  x  .
The process of obtaining a composite function is called function composition.

Examples:
Given f  x   x  1 and g  x   2x  1 , find the following
1. f g  x 
2. g f  x 
Solutions:
1.  f g  x  2. g f  x 
f g  x   f g  x  g f  x   g  f  x 
f g  x    2x  1  1 g f  x   2  x  1  1
f g  x   2x  1  1 g f  x   2x  2  1
f g  x   2x g f  x   2x  1

Self Check 3
Given f  x   2x  3 and g  x   x  2 , find the following:
1. f g  x 
2. g f  x 

ACTIVITY 3 (GMQ1W1A3)

Given f  x   7x  1 and g  x   x  3 , find the following:

1. f g  x 
2. g f  x 
3. f f x 
4. g g  x 

4|Gener al Ma thema tics Qua rter 1