Alexandria University Fourth Year Civil Engineering

Faculty of Engineering CE 454 - Highway Engineering

 New Construction

 Rehabilitation of existing pavement

◦ Mill & Overlay
◦ Partial Reconstruction

 Maintenance

Road Works 1
Alexandria University Fourth Year Civil Engineering
Faculty of Engineering CE 454 - Highway Engineering

 Subgrade preparation
 Subbase / Base layers
 Asphalt layers

 Subgrade material testing

◦ Classification & CBR

 Equipment
◦ Grader
◦ Water tanks
◦ Compactors

 Formation of Slopes

 Testing for compaction

Road Works 2
Alexandria University Fourth Year Civil Engineering
Faculty of Engineering CE 454 - Highway Engineering

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Alexandria University Fourth Year Civil Engineering
Faculty of Engineering CE 454 - Highway Engineering

 Sand cone testing

 Compare maximum dry density (field) to

maximum dry density (lab)

 Material selection
◦ Laboratory testing – CBR, Los Angeles, LL, PL, etc.

 Equipment
◦ Grader
◦ Water tanks
◦ Compactor

 Constant thickness

 Testing for material compliance

 Testing for compaction

Road Works 4
Alexandria University Fourth Year Civil Engineering
Faculty of Engineering CE 454 - Highway Engineering

 Testing for material compliance

◦ Used materials should be similar to approved
sample

 Layer thickness
◦ Should be within specifications

 Compaction - Compare maximum dry density

(field) to maximum dry density (lab)

 Asphalt concrete mixture

◦ Crushed aggregate – different sizes
◦ Sand
◦ Mineral filler
◦ Bitumen

 Marshall mix design

◦ Gradation of mix
◦ % of bitumen
◦ Job Mix Formula (JMF)

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Alexandria University Fourth Year Civil Engineering
Faculty of Engineering CE 454 - Highway Engineering

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Alexandria University Fourth Year Civil Engineering
Faculty of Engineering CE 454 - Highway Engineering

 From Batching Plant to site

 Open trucks

 Temperature control

 Temperature on site should not be less than

140o

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 Equipment
◦ Trucks
◦ Finishers
◦ Compactors

 Constant thickness

 Testing for Material compliance

 Testing for compaction

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Alexandria University Fourth Year Civil Engineering
Faculty of Engineering CE 454 - Highway Engineering

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Alexandria University Fourth Year Civil Engineering
Faculty of Engineering CE 454 - Highway Engineering

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 Testing for material compliance

◦ Gradation & % of bitumen should be within JMF

 Layer thickness
◦ Coring
◦ Thickness should be within specifications

 Compaction
◦ Coring
◦ Compare density (field) to design density

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Road Works 9
Alexandria University Fourth Year Civil Engineering
Faculty of Engineering CE 454 - Highway Engineering

 Mill & Overlay

◦ Remove AC surface layer
◦ Add one or more AC layers

 Partial Reconstruction
◦ Remove all AC layers
◦ Adjust base layer
◦ Add one or more AC layers

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Road Works 10
Alexandria University Fourth Year Civil Engineering
Faculty of Engineering CE 454 - Highway Engineering

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