Auxiliaries & Chemicals

Required in
Dyeing and Finishing

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 PREPARED BY ©right
Name : MAZADUL HASAN SHESHIR
ID: 2010000400008
Batch: 13th Batch (Session 2009-2013)
Department: Wet Processing Technology
Email: mazadulhasan@yahoo.com
Blog: www. Textilelab.blogspot.com
Southeast University
Department of Textile Engineering
 Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Introduction:
Most of the operations in the textile processing such
as scouring, bleaching, dyeing and printing are carried
out by use of basic chemicals like acid, alkalis oxidizing,
reducing agents dyestuffs etc.
Besides this other chemical are also used in relatively
small quantity proportion to increase the efficiency of
above process. These substances are called Textile
Auxiliaries.

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

What Does Auxiliary

Mean in Textiles?

It is defined as a chemical or a formulated chemical product which

enables a processing operation. The various processing operations may
be in the functions of preparation, dyeing, printing or finishing.
Auxiliaries help by speeding up these processes or carry out the
processes in a more efficient manner. This is necessary to obtain the
desired effect.

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Same example of
auxilaries

Carrier or Swelling agent,Levelling agent, Antifoaming agents,

Dispersing agents, Detergents and Wetting agents etc.

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 Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Objectives:
To know about the different types of Auxiliaries and their function.
To know the dyeing and finishing auxiliaries.

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 Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Primary functions
of auxiliaries

To prepare or improve the substrate for coloration

To modify the sorption characteristics of colorants

To stabilize the application medium
To protect or modify the substrate
To improve the fastness of dyeing
To enhance the properties of laundering formulations
(fluorescent brightening agents).

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 Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Some
Auxiliaries

Soda ash Hydrogen Peroxide

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 Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Some
Auxiliaries

Caustic Soda ( Flakes)

Acetic Acid

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 Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Some
Auxiliaries

Hydrochloric Acid

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 Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Classification of
Dyeing Auxiliaries

Sequestrant.. Desizing Agent Levelling Agent. Bleaching agent

pH Control and Wetting Agents Mercerising agent Soaping Agent

buffer system

Lubricants / Antifoaming Optical

Dye fixing agent
Anticreasant. agent. Brightener.

.Acetic acid Softener Enzyme Peroxide Killer.

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Auxiliaries and its function

Used to remove hardness and metal ion present in dyeing

Sequestering
liquor. Hardness of dyeing liquor can occurred due to
Agent
hardness of fabric after pretreatment which is 35 ppm and
also from salt which is 70 ppm

Example of
Sequestering
agent
POLIAC 194 FE, POLIAC 195, POLIAC BIO

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Desizing Agent

Desizing is the process of removing the size material from

the warp yarn in woven fabrics.

Example of
Desizing Agent
DISAPPRETTANTE SG, DISAPPRETTANTE HT etc.

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Bleaching agent

Hydrogen peroxide is used for bleaching of cotton fabric and

remove natural color.Bleaching removes contamination from
finished cotton. Full range of bleaching agents like peroxide
bleaching agent.

Bleaching
agent
H2O2

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Peroxide Killer.

It is used in the removal of residual hydrogen peroxide used in

bleaching of textiles beforePeroxide
dyeing.Killer.

Example
of PK

Basopal FB PK, SYNTHOKILL-P

SYNTHOKILL-P
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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

pH Control and buffer

system

Many disperse dyes required controlled 4.5-5 and practically all

disperse dyes give good results in this pH range and are much more
sensitive to minor changes in pH.

A buffered system is necessary for precise control of pH.

PH
Regulato
rs
Eulysin PC

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 Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Levelling Agent.

Levelling Agent use for cotton fabric

Form
Trade Name lonic* Application
Levelling agent of
direct and reactive
ABLUTEX RL Liquid A
dyes, clear and deep
color.

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 Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Levelling Agent.

Levelling Agent use for polyester fabric.

Trade Name Form lonic* Application

ABLUTEX Liquid A/N Dispersing and

RT430 levelling agent
for high-
temperature jet
dyeing

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Levelling Agent

Levelling Agent use for Nylon

Trade Name Form lonic* Application

ABLUTEX LN Liquid N Levelling agent

for dyeing nylon
fibers with acid
dyes.

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Wetting Agent

To reduce surface tension of water thus ensures easy

penetrating of chemicals and dye to the fabric.

Wetting
Agent BIPON BOD anionic Yellowish liquid Wetting /
Detergent is used for preparation of cotton and
blends. BIODEGRADABLE

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Mercerizing is a process used to increase the luster of cotton.

Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Mercerising agent

Mercerizing is a process used to increase the luster of cotton.

Mercerized cotton is often used in cotton crafts and yarns.

Example of
mercerising
agent

NaOH

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 Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Soaping Agent

Functions of soaping agent

Disperse the unfixed substanted hydrolyzed dyes, and solubilise and

mulsify these into the aqueous medium and keep these substances in
suspension.
Prevent redeposition of hydrolyzed dyes and other particles of
colloidal substance into the textile material

Prevent the precipitation of insoluble calcium or magnesium salt

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Example of
Soaping
agent

Trade Name Form lonic* Application

Soaping agent for dyed or printed with

ABLUTEX TS330 Liquid A reactive dyes. Effective in Preventing
white ground from being stained.

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 Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Optical Brightener

An Optical Brightening Agent (OBA), also called Fluorescent Brightening

Agent (FBA) or Fluorescent whiteners (FW), are strongly fluorescent
substance that emits light in the blue-violet region of the visible spectrum.

Example
of OBA

Ultraphor FB CA, Ultraphor FB IN

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering
FUNCTION OF DIFFERENT CHEMICALS WHICH
IS USED IN SINHA DYEING & FINISHING

NAME OF CHEMICALS FUNCTION

Felosen Jet Wetting agent
Sirrix 2UD Sequestering agent, Maintain pH
UNJ Antifoaming agent
Ladiquest Wetting agent, Detergent, Levelling agent

Stabilol P Stabilizer (Organic)

Cibacell DBC Levelling agent (Dye bath)
Tubinagol Finishing agent
Thinofix Finishing agent (cationic)
Belfosin GT Finishing agent
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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Printing

The textile printing is the art of design by mechanical and chemical application

Printing Chemicals

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Synthetic Thickening Agents for Pigment Printing

High polymer, Acrylic Synthetic thickner

Lutexal GP
ECO
Very high electrolyte stable, sharp defined prints, suitable for
photographic prints and multicolour design. More environment-friendly
because of low hydrocarbon emission.

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 Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Synthetic Thickening Agents for Reactive Printing

Lutexal F-RP Acrylic co polymer

Synthetic thickener, substitute for sodium
alginate imparts higher colour yield and
sharp defined prints. Used for printing cotton
and viscose with reactive dyes.
.

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Binders for Pigment

Printing

Helizarin Binder
TOW
Thermally crosslink able aqueous acrylate
dispersion (APEO free)
Binder for pigment prints that are fast to
dry-cleaning having extremely soft handle
excellent all round fastness and very high
rubbing fastness. Used in Soft Print recipe.

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 Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Binders for Khadi Printing

Helizarin Binder
FB KH
Acrylic product
Binder for khadi printing having good
running properties & better fastness.
Gives very good coverage to khadi prints.

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 Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Crosslin king Agents and

Fixers

Cross linking agent for improving the wash and

Helizarin Fixing
Agent LF rub fastness of pigment prints on synthetic
fibers and regenerated cellulose, and on their
blends with cotton. For prints with a low
formaldehyde content. Suitable for oeko-tex
requirements.

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Fixers for
Disperse Printing

Luprintan FB
FA
Mixture of ethoxylates
Fixation auxiliary for the high
temperature-steam fixation of disperse
dyes in direct printing of polyester
materials.

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Antifoam for Pigment

Printing

Entschaumer
- TC ECO
Eco Blend of synthetic copolymers and
emulsifiers (APEO free)
Solvent free and Antifoaming Agent for
Textile Printing.

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Softeners

Luprimol SIG Concentrated silicon based auxiliary

Softener, improves fastness giving high quality
pigment prints having soft handle & high dry
rubbing fastness. Improves colour brilliancy.

Bilsoft FB-S Softener that gives an extremely soft feel to pigment prints.

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

White Pastes for

Pigment Printing

Titanium dioxide in an aqueous acrylic binder system

Helizarin White,
Paste FB T
Ready to use white paste having good covering properties.
Used for printing on dark grounds. Suitable for mainly woven
fabric.

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Process Flow Chart for Knit Dyeing: For

Pink color

Fabric : Single Jersey Quantity : 1310 kg

GSM : 180 M: L=1:7 (During Pretreatment)
8. (During Dyeing)
Color : Pink Water - 9200 lit (Pretreatment)
10500 lit (During
Dyeing)

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering
Recipe
No. Commercial name of Dyes & Chemicals Amount Total amount
(g/l or %)
Pretreatment:
1. Wetting Agent-Proder_SCPC/LD/NO-LF 0.5 4.48 kg
2. Gintex ECO GS CONE (S.A) 0.1 896gm
3 Peroxide Stabilizer SR/Stabilizer A/Stopa-52 0.4 3.584kg
4 Anticrease-AULIT-PAC(8460) 0.8 7.360 kg
5 Caustic soda 3.0 27.6 kg
6 H2O2 2.75 25.3 kg
7 Peroxide Killer Geizyme OEM/Cetatex PC 0.5 4.6 kg
8 Acetic Acid 1.0 9.2 kg
Dye Bath Chemical:
9 Acetic Acid 0.2 2.1 kg
10 Gintex ECO GS CONE (S.A) 0.2 2.1 kg
11 Anticrease-AULIT-PAC(8460) 0.8 8.4 kg
12 Leveling Drimegen E2R/Secho IND/Jinleve 1.0 10.50 kg
Dyeing
13 Rea yellow HW 0.01% 0.131 kg
14 Rea. Orange-MEZRL 0.07% 0.917 kg
15 Syno. Red-HF6BN 0.80% 10.48 kg
16 Salt 30 314.4 kg
17 Soda ash 8 83.84 kg
After treatment:
18 Acetic Acid 1.0 9.2 kg
19 Soaping Asugal-ALBI 0.6 5.520 kg
20 Colour Softener Gensoft-100/150/ASUMIN B 0.7% 9.170 kg

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Finishing

Textile finishing is a term commonly applied to different process

that the textile material under go after pretreatment, dyeing or
printing for final embellishment to enhance there attractiveness
and sale appeal as well as for comfort and usefulness

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Water Repellents Chemicals

Lurotex TX-C Anionic aqueous solution of inorganic salts

Universal product, applicable for finishing woven-and knitted
goods from cotton and blends of cotton with synthetic fibres.

Lurotex TX-S Especially suitable for finishing woven-and knitted goods from
synthetic fibres and blends with cellulosic fibres. Very soft
handle

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Antistatic Agents

Slightly cationic quaternary ammonium compound

Siligen APE
For antistatic finishing of natural or synthetic fibres and their
blends. No adverse effects on the fabric handle.

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Additives and Binders

Polyurethane Dispersion
Polyurethane additive and binder for finishing textiles with
Perapret PU New
and without pigments. Suitable for embossed and chintz
finishes.

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Antipilling and Non Slip Finish

Antipilling agent and resin finishing additive for woven and

Perapret HVN
knitted fabrics composed of cellulosic fibres and their blends
with synthetic fibres. Increases tear strength and abrasion
resistance.

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Crosslinking Agents

Low formaldehyde modified dimethyloldihydroxyethylene

Fixapret AP urea
Crosslinking agent for low-formaldehyde, wash-resistant
resin finishing of woven and knitted fabrics composed of
cellulosic fibres and their blends with synthetic fibres.

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University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Additives, Smoothing Agents and Softeners

Universal cationic softener for all fibres and blends, imparts

Basosoft FB EUK
a very soft handle. It can be used on loose stock, tops, yarn
or piece goods, and applied by all sorts of different methods,
such as dipping, padding and spraying

Silicone fluid additive, softener and smoothening agent for

Siligen F Jet woven and knitted fabrics composed of cellulosic fibres and
their blends with synthetic fibres. Product has good shearing
stability and is suitable for the exhaust application

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 Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Optical Brightener Agent

Fluorescent Brighteners

Ultraphor FB CA
Anionic high affinity fluorescent brightener for cotton,
recommended for exhaust.

Ultraphor SFR Stable, fluorescent brightener for polyester and blends. It has
Plus Liq
good fastness to sublimation.

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 Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering

Thanks To All

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 Southeast
University
School of Science and Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering