"Learning is a

lifelong process"
-Peter Drucker
 IT'S ICE
BREAKER TIME!!
VYGOTSKY
CONSTRUCTIVIST
STRATEGY
DEVELOPMENT
DOMAIN
END
Domains of Development
 Domains of Development
When referring to human development, domain
refers to growth and change. The major domains
of development are physical, cognitive and social-
emotional.
Let's have a
review!
Biological Development
Cognitive Development
Socio-emotional Development
Context and Development
These are the environmental context or factors that
affects the child and adolescent development
Family
Peer Group
Community (Neighbors)
School
 FAMILY

FACTORS:
The family is often considered the most influential
environment for a child's development. It's where children
first learn about relationships, values, and basic skills.
Positive family interactions, support, and a nurturing
environment contribute to a child's emotional and social
development. Conversely, negative family dynamics or
stress can have adverse effects.

SCHOOLS
They provide educational opportunities, social interactions,
and access to resources. Positive school environments with
quality education and supportive teachers can enhance
cognitive and academic development. Conversely, challenges
within the school environment, such as bullying or
inadequate resources, can hinder a child's growth.
 PEER GROUPS
FACTORS: Peer groups are healthy when they exert
a positive influence, disastrous when
rejection or negative pressure is involved.

COMMUNITY ( NEIGHBORS)
A safe and supportive neighborhood can offer
opportunities for social interaction, outdoor
activities, and community engagement, which
contribute to a child's well-rounded growth. In
contrast, neighborhoods marked by crime,
instability, or limited resources can expose
children to various risks.
Theories of Lev Vygostky
Vygotsky placed more emphasis on social
contributions to the process of
development.

3 MAJOR THEMES:
Social Interactions
The More Knowledgeable Other (MKO)
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
SOCIAL INTERACTIONS
He believes that young children are curious and actively involved in
their own learning and the discovery and development of new things
THE MORE KNOWLEDEABLE OTHER (MKO)
It refers to someone who has a better understanding or a higher
ability level that the learner, with respect to a particular task,
process, or concept.
ZONE PROXIMAL DEVELOPMENT
Vygotsky sees the ZPD as the area where the most sensitive
instruction or guidance should be given.
Theories of John Bowlby
Being the originator of
Attachment Theory.
Researching Child Development.
Influencing Modern-Day.
Psychology, Education, Child
Care, and Parenting.
Theories of Stanley Hall
American Psychologist & Educator.
Adolosecents want solitude and
seclusion, while entangled in cushes
& friendship.
In Staley Hall Theory describes
the age of adolesence as the time
period of ‘’strum & drang’’.
Theories of Kurt Lewin
Lewin was interested in people
individually instead of in a group.
Lewin proposed a basic state of
equilibrium between the person and the
environment.
He focused mainly on social problems
that affect how the person lives and
work.
 Teaching Methodologies
CONSTRUCTIVIST APPROACH
The constructivist approach is based
on the concept of constructivism.
This is the belief that learners
create their own understanding of
the world around them, and this
understanding is based on experience
through their everyday lives as they
grow. Using specific experiences,
people transform information
they’ve accumulated into knowledge
and understanding.
COLLABORATIVE APPROACH
The collaborative approach puts a
big emphasis on collaborative
learning, which is the idea that
learners work together to gain a
greater understanding of the
information they’ve been presented
with. The strength of this approach
is that learners can capitalise on
each other’s understanding of the
information, and even their unique
skills and resources.
 Teaching Methodologies
REFLECTIVE APPROACH
The reflective approach focuses
primarily on analysing what the
teacher and learners are doing in the
classroom. It encourages thinking
about teaching practices and figuring
out ways to improve them in an
attempt to make learning processes
more effective for a class of
learners. This can be done through
processes such as self-evaluation and
self-reflection, used as ways to
essentially learn more.
INTEGRATIVE APPROACH
The integrative approach differs from
the other teaching approaches in the
sense that it tries to provide learners
with an environment where they can
make connections between the current
topic they’re learning about and other
topics they’ll come across at different
stages of the curriculum. This means
that it tends to focus on specific
connections between different bits of
information, rather than facts in
isolation.
Teaching Methodologies
INQUIRY-BASED APPROACH
The inquiry-based approach is unique in the
sense that it encourages learners to
engage in exploration, investigation,
research and study. It begins with
presenting questions, scenarios or
problems that require critical thinking to
solve, which is vastly different from other
approaches where facts are presented in
simple manner.
Compatible Strategies for
Increasing Learning of
Child and Adolescents
Storytelling

Can be real or
fictional.
Should be age- and
experience-
appropriate,
Makes an emotional
connection to the
audience
 Reciprocal Teaching -
Think. Pair, Share
Make your request.
Tell participants to think about their
response.
Now tell them to turn to their neighbor
and discuss their responses.
Ask for volunteers to share what they
heard - they can share their own
response or that of their discussion
partner.
Metaphor, Analogy and Simile Visuals/Graphics
This makes the connection between
something students are already
familiar with and the new information.

A picture is worth a thousand words.

Graphics don't necessarily mean
graphs-use cartoons, diagrams, simple
flow charts, etc.
 Mnemonics
A good tool to help us remember seemingly disconnected items of
information.
ABC's of Melanoma are a mnemonic for remembering what to look
for in a skin spot.
Roy G. Biv
PEMDAS
Wait Time
Give students time to process your question before
asking for a response.

Rhythm. Rhyme, and Rap

Putting information to music or a rhyme can increase
memory - how did you learn the alphabet in the right
order?
Thank You!