Republic of the Philippines
National Capital Region
Division of Taguig City and Pateros
Gen. Santos Ave. Upper Bicutan, Taguig City
Pre-Calculus
Equation of Circle
Definition 1: Let 𝑪 be a given point. The set of all point 𝑷(𝒙, 𝒚) with the same distance
from 𝑪 is called circle. The point 𝑪 is called the center of the circle and the
common distance is called the radius 𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒃𝒚 𝒓.
Exercises 1.1
I. In each of the following, determine the center and the radius of the circle. Also,
sketch the graph.
1. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚 − 𝟏𝟐 = 𝟎
Write the given in standard form
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 6𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 12
By completing the square
(𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 9) + (𝑦 2 + 4𝑦 + 4) = 12 + 9 + 4
(𝒙 − 𝟑)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓
In this standard form, we have 𝑪(𝟑, −𝟐), 𝒓 = 𝟓
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2. 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝒚𝟐 − 𝟏𝟐𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 + 𝟏 = 𝟎
Divide all the terms by 2 (numerical coefficient of
𝑥 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 2 ),
2𝑥 2 2𝑦 2 12𝑥 2𝑦 1
+ − + + =0
2 2 2 2 2
1
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 6𝑥 + 𝑦 + =0
2
By completing the square, 2
1 35
1 1 1 (𝑥 − 3)2 + (𝑦 + ) =
2 4
(𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 9) + (𝑦 2 + 𝑦 + ) = − + 9 +
4 2 4
𝟏 𝟐 𝟑𝟓
(𝒙 − 𝟑)𝟐 + (𝒚 + ) =
𝟐 𝟒
This implies that the center 𝑖𝑠
1 √35
𝑎𝑡 𝐶 (3, − 2) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 𝑖𝑠 𝑟 = 2
.
3. (𝒙 + 𝟏)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟏)𝟐 = 𝟕
This implies that the center 𝑖𝑠
𝑎𝑡 𝐶(−1,1) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 𝑖𝑠 𝑟 = √7.
II. Solve the following.
1. Find the standard and general form/equation of the circle with radius 4, center at 𝑪(−𝟐, 𝟓).
Given:
𝐶(−2,5) r= 4
Using: (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑟 2
Thus, by substitution, the standard form of the circle is
(𝑥 + 2)2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 = 42
(𝒙 + 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟓)𝟐 = 𝟏𝟔
The general form of the circle is
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟏𝟎𝒚 + 𝟐𝟗 = 𝟎
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2. Find the standard and general form/equation of the circle with the center in the 𝒚 −
𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒔 and passing through the origin and the point (𝟒, 𝟐).
(4,2)
Since the center of the circle with center in the 𝑦 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠,
let 𝐶(0, 𝑘) 𝑠𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 the radius 𝑟 = 𝑘 𝒓=𝒌
the radius can be obtained by distance formula
𝑪(𝟎, 𝒌)
√02 + (𝑘 − 0)2 = √42 + (𝑘 − 2)2
𝑘 = √16 + 𝑘 2 − 4𝑘 + 4
𝑘 2 = 𝑘 2 − 4𝑘 + 20
4𝑘 = 20
𝒌=𝟓
𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝐶(0,5), 𝑟 = 5
the standard form of the circle is
(𝑥 − 0)2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 = 52
𝒙𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟓)𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓
the general form of the circle is
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 10𝑦 + 25 = 25
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 10𝑦 + 25 − 25 = 0
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟏𝟎𝒚 = 𝟎
3. Find the standard and general form/equation of the circle passing through the
points 𝑨(−𝟏, 𝟐), 𝑩(𝟏, 𝟏) 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑪(𝟑, 𝟐).
Assume that the coordinates of each of the given points satisfy
the equation of the circle. Thus, by substitution of the
coordinates of the points in the general form of the circle, we
get the following three equations in the unknowns D, E and F.
Using the General form of the circle:𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + C𝑥 + D𝑦 + E = 0
at 𝐴(−1,2): (−1)2 + (2)2 − C + 2D + E = 0 → 1 + 4 −C + 2D + E = 0
5−C + 2D + E = 0 , eq. 1
at 𝐵(1,1): (1)2 + (1)2 + C + D + E = 0 → 1 + 1 + C + D + E = 0
2 + C + D + E = 0, eq. 2
at 𝐶(3,2): (3)2 + (2)2 + 3C + 2D + E = 0 → 9 + 4 + 3C + 2D + E = 0
13 + 3𝐶 + 2𝐷 + 𝐸 = 0, 𝑒𝑞 3.
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𝟐
𝟕 𝟐𝟓
(𝒙 − 𝟏)𝟐 + (𝒚 − ) =
𝟐 𝟒
Thus, by elimination method, 𝐂 = −𝟐, 𝑫 = −𝟕, 𝑬 = 𝟕
So, the general form of the circle is
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟕𝒚 + 𝟕 = 𝟎 𝟓
By completing the square, the standard form is 𝒓=
𝟕 𝟒
49 49 𝑪(−𝟏, )
(𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1) + (𝑦 2 − 7𝑦 + ) = −7 + 1 + 𝟐
4 4
2
7 49
(𝑥 − 1)2 + (𝑦 − ) = −7 + 1 +
2 4
𝟐
𝟕 𝟐𝟓
(𝒙 − 𝟏)𝟐 + (𝒚 − ) =
𝟐 𝟒
4. Find the standard and general form/equation of the circle with center
𝒂𝒕 𝑪(−𝟒, 𝟑) 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒓 = √𝟕
𝑆𝑜𝑙:
𝐶(−4,3)) , 𝑟 = √7 (𝑥 + 4)2 + (𝑦 − 3)2 = (√7)2
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑟 2 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4𝑥 + 16 + 𝑦 2 − 3𝑦 − 3𝑦 + 9 = 7
(𝒙 + 𝟒)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = (√𝟕)𝟐 𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 𝑦 2 − 6𝑦 + 9 + 16 − 7 = 0
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 − 𝟔𝒚 + 𝟏𝟖 = 𝟎
5. Find the standard and general form/equation of the circle with center
𝒂𝒕 𝑪(−𝟐 − 𝟑)𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒕𝒐 𝒚 − 𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒔.
𝑆𝑜𝑙: (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑟 2
𝐶𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟: 𝐶(−2, −3) (𝒙 + 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟒
𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 𝑟 = 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 4𝑥 + 6𝑦 + 4 + 9 − 4 = 0
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟔𝒚 + 𝟗 = 𝟎
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Republic of the Philippines
National Capital Region
Division of Taguig City and Pateros
Worksheet 101
Circles
Name: ______________________________ Date: ___________________________
Strand/Yr./Sec: _______________________ Score: __________________________
General Instructions: Answer the following with all your honesty. Our golden rule is still in effect as of this
moment(bwhahaahahaha). Each item has a corresponding point that ranges from 0 − 10 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑠.Use
black or blue pen only.
Do as indicated.
Part I.
1. Give 5 points that is on the circle (𝑥 − 1)2 + (𝑦 + 2)2 = 36.
𝑃1 ( __, __) 𝑃2 ( __, __) 𝑃3 ( __, __) 𝑃4 ( __, __) 𝑃4 ( __, __)
Sol. Here
2. Sketch the graph of (𝑥 − 1)2 + (𝑦 + 2)2 = 36.
Sol Here:
Part II. Solve
3. Determine the center and the radius of the circle (𝑥 − 3)2 + (𝑦 + 2)2 = 18.
Sol Here:
Ans Here:
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4. Determine the center and the radius of the circle 4𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 4𝑦 2 + 16𝑦 = 11..
Sol Here:
Ans Here:
Part III.
Determine the standard and general equation of the circle which satisfies the following conditions.
5. 𝐶(17,5), 𝑟 = 5√3.
Sol Here:
Ans Here:
6. Center at (15, −7), tangent to the line 𝑦 = −10
Sol Here:
Ans Here:
7. Has a diameter with endpoints (3,1) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (−7,6).
c
Sol Here:
Ans Here:
8. Center at 𝐶(−3,2) and tangent to the line 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 1.
Sol Here:
Ans Here:
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9. Refer to the graph of the circle below.
Sol Here:
Ans Here:
10. A waterway in a theme park has a semicircular cross section with diameter 11ft. the boats that
are going to be used in this waterway have rectangular cross sections and are found to submerge
1ft. into the water. If the waterway is to be filled with 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 4.5 𝑓𝑡 deep, what is the maximum
possible width of the boat? 11 𝑓𝑡
4.5 𝑓𝑡
Sol Here:
Ans Here:
𝑴𝒂𝒅𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒚𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒉 𝑪𝒉𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒆 !!!!!
Determine the standard and general equation of the circle concentric
with 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 4𝑥 − 6𝑦 + 9 = 0 and has the same circumference as
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 14𝑥 + 10𝑦 + 62 = 0
.
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