Nervous system Right Hemisphere

Coordinates actions by transmitting signals to Creative, intuition, imagination

and from the different parts of the body
Detect environmental changes and tandem with 4 lobes
endocrine system. 1. Frontal
Purpose 2. Parietal
3. Temporal
Coordinates all activities 4. Occipital
Body’s respond and adapt changes both inside
and out Frontal

3 Major Division of the BRAIN - Reasoning and thoughts

1. Hindbrain Parietal
2. Midbrain - Integrates sensory information
3. Forebrain
Temporal
Hindbrain
- Processes auditory information from ears
Located at the posterior portion of the brain
Medulla, Pons, Cerebellum Occipital

Brain Stem - Processing visual information from eyes

Medulla and other central structures of the brain Cerebral Cortex

Medulla Oblongata Cellular layers on the outer surface

Located at the bottom of the brainstem
Connects to the spinal cord
Damaged (paralyzed, respiratory failure)
Pons
Located below the midbrain (brainstem)
Responsible for certain reflex action
Relays sensory information to cerebellum
Connects to forebrain and midbrain
Controls of sleep cycle
Cerebellum
Divided into 2 halves & joined 2 bundle of axon
1. Corpus Callosum
2. Anterior Commissure
Corpus Callosum
Both side of brain communicate and send signals
If damage, it delays motor and language skills
Ex.
Split brain Syndrome (callosal disconnection syndrome)
- Unusual behavior concerns with speech and
object recognition.

Muscle coordination, Balance, Posture, and Aphaxia

Muscle tone
- inability to respond and command with
Midbrain motor activity.

Located below the cerebrum Aphasia

Responsible for eye and auditory reflexes
- Comprehension and expression of language
Tegmentum
Broca’s Aphasia (Anterior)
Prevent unwanted movement
- Cannot speak
reflex/ pain processing
- When damage the person’s stutter
Forebrain
Wernicke’s Aphasia (Posterior)
Most anterior and prominent part of brain
- Can’t comprehend
Consist of 2 cerebral hemispheres
- Hard to understand speech
1. Outer Cortex (Cerebral Cortex)
2. Subcortical Regions Forebrain Structure
Sides receives information and contols motor
of the opposite (contralateral) side of the body Olfactory

Left Hemisphere - Sensory receptor

- Electrical activity transmitted to CNS
Language, analytical thinking
Thalamus Efferent Sensory Neurons (

- Relay station - Takes information from the CNS to the

- Passes information to and from celebral cortex muscle fibers throughout the body

Hypothalamus Sympathetic Nervous System

- Associated with behavior such as - “fight or flight”

eating,drinking, sexual behavior - revs up the body either responds or defend to
- Pituitary gland to release hormones escaped threats

Hippocampus Parasympathetic Nervous System

- Responsible for memory function - brings all system of the body back to normal
- Encodes and store memory into cerebral
cortex
If damage it leads to amnesia
Retrograde- can’t form new memory
Anterograde – can’t remember past memory

Amygdala

- Behavioral coordination
- Fear and anxiety center
- Make memories through emotions

Cingulate gyrus

- Message carrier
- Regulates pain and emotion
- Negative consequences

Spinal Cord

- Link between the brain and the nerves in the

rest of the body

4 regions

1. Cervical
2. Thoracic
3. Lumbar
4. Spinal Nerves

Afferent (Sensory Division)

- Carries information from the body to brain

Efferent (Motor Division)

- Carries information from the brain to the

body

Peripheral Nervous System

1. Somatic
2. Autonomic

Somatic Nervous System

- Carrying motor and sensory information

- Nerves that connect to skin, sensory organs,
skeletal muscles
- Responsible for all muscle movements
- Process sensory information from external
stimuli.

Afferent Sensory Neurons (conducting inwards)

- Takes information form the nerves to the CNS