PART ONE

WORLD WAR ONE KNOWLEDGE ORGANISER

WHY DID MEN JOIN?
KEY WORDS Self-Motivation Persuasion
Democracy A system of government through elected representatives  Wanted to defend British ideas of  Propaganda such as posters and
Dictatorship A system of government ruled by one person with no elections justice and freedom speeches
Ideology A set of beliefs about how the world is or should be run  Men had been taught to worship the  Pals Battalions
Assassination Murdering someone considered important British Empire  Peer pressure
Kaiser German King  Sense of adventure  Use of white feathers
Allies
Central Powers
France, Britain and Russia (and Italy from 1915, USA from 1917)
Germany, Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire LIFE IN THE TRENCHES
Armistice An agreement by both sides to stop fighting 1. Trenches were often full of
Treaty Agreement which formally ends a state of war water. This would cause a
Enlist To join the military disease known as trench foot
Artillery Heavy weapons used for launching long distances 2. Trenches were often infested
Trench Cut out of land used during WW1 with rats
CAUSES OF WORLD WAR ONE 3. Firing squads were used for
misbehaviour such as
LONG TERM CAUSES (M.A.I.N.):
cowardice or desertion
1. Militarism – relating to the army and navy 4. Poison gas became a
2. Alliances – friendships between countries, often confirmed in a document commonly used weapon
3. Imperialism – building an empire to extend a country’s power 5. Soldiers suffered from shell
4. Nationalism – having pride in your country and looking after your own interests shock – a type of PTSD
6. Many soldiers lost limbs
SHORT TERM CAUSES: through amputation or bomb
blasts
1. Archduke Franz Ferdinand is shot in Sarajevo
2. Russia prepares to help Serbia, an ally TRENCH WARFARE
3. Austria declares war on Serbia New Weapons:
4. Austria declares war on Russia 1. Poison Gas – Usually chlorine or mustard gas, this would attack the respiratory system.
5. Germany, Austria’s ally, declares war on Russia Gas was first used extensively in 1915.
6. Germany invades France, then occupies Belgium 2. Tanks – The first tanks arrived on battlefields in September 1916
7. Britain enters the war to help its allies France and Russia 3. Aviation – Aeroplanes were first used for surveillance, but later took part in ‘dogfights’

TIMELINE OF WORLD WAR ONE (1914-1916)

28th July 1914 18th Feb 1915 23rd May 1915
28th June 1914 4th August 1914 7th May 1915 1st July 1916
Austria-Hungary Germany begins Italy declares war
Archduke Franz Britain declares Germany sinks Battle of the
declares war on naval blocade of on Austria-
Ferdinand assassinated war on Germany the Lusitania Somme begins
Serbia Britain Hungary