FALL 2018

MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
ME 411 GAS DYNAMICS
HOMEWORK 6

1. A uniform supersonic airflow traveling at a Mach number of 2.0 passes over a concave
corner, as shown in the figure. An oblique shock wave, which makes an angle of 40oC with
the flow direction, is attached to the corner under the given conditions. If the pressure and
the temperature in the uniform flow are 40 kPa and 253 K, respectively, then determine the
pressure and the temperature behind the wave, the downstream Mach number and the
deflection angle. Also, find the maximum allowable deflection angle before the oblique
shock wave detaches from the concave corner. (Ans. 71 kPa, 299.8 K, 1.61, 10.570, 22.970)

Oblique shock
wave

M = 2.0
p = 40 kPa
T = 253 K
400

2. A uniform supersonic airflow traveling at a Mach number of 2.5 passes over a concave
corner, which deflects the flow by 100 C, as shown in the figure. If the pressure and the
temperature of the uniform flow are 50 kPa and 240 K, respectively, then determine the
shock wave angle, the Mach number, the pressure and the temperature at the downstream
of the oblique shock wave. (Ans. 31.850, 2.085, 93.3 kPa, 289 K)

1
 Oblique shock
wave

M = 2.5
p = 50 kPa
T = 240 K
100

3. An oblique shock wave is incident on a solid boundary, as shown in the figure. The
boundary is to be turned through a certain angle so that there will be no reflected angle.
Determine the angle, . (Ans. 12.770)

Air 300

Streamline
M = 3.0 Oblique shock
wave

4. Two oblique shock waves, each making an angle of 300C with the uniform flow, intersect,
as shown in the figure. The Mach number, the pressure and the temperature of the uniform
flow are 2.5, 40 kPa and 240 K, respectively.
a) the pressure, temperature and Mach number after the incident shock wave,
b) the pressure, temperature and Mach number after the reflected shock wave and
c) the angle at which the reflected shock wave is inclined to the flow direction.
(Ans. a) 66.24 kPa, 278.2 K, 2.169; b) 104 kPa, 317.4 K, 1.874; c) 26.30 )

2
 Incident oblique
shock wave Reflected oblique
1 2 3 shock wave
M1 = 2.5 300
T1 = 240 K
p1 = 40 kPa 300
Reflected oblique
Incident oblique shock wave
shock wave

5. Air at a Mach number of 4.0 and a pressure of 100 kPa flows between two horizontal plates,
as shown in the figure. At a certain cross-section, the upper wall turns downwards through
an angle of 100, while the lower one turns upwards through an angle of 200. At these
concave corners, two oblique shock waves are generated. These two shock waves then
intersect at point O. Determine the pressure and Mach number in regions 4 and 5, and also
find the net deflection of the flow. (Ans. 1008 kPa, 2.204, 1024 kPa, 2.116, 9.50)

100

2 4
M1 = 4.0 1 5
p1 = 100 kPa O
3 Slip line

200

6. A uniform air stream at a Mach number of 1.5 expands through a 20o convex corner, as
shown in the figure. If the pressure and the temperature of this air stream are 75 kPa and
250 K, respectively, determine the Mach number, the pressure and the temperature after
the expansion and also determine the fan angle.
(Ans. 2.21, 25.35 kPa, 183.4 K, 34.910)

3
 M1 = 1.5
T1 = 250 K
p1 = 75 kPa
Fan angle

200

7. An overexpanded converging-diverging nozzle has throat and exit cross-sectional areas of

0.001 m2 and 0.002637 m2, respectively, as shown in the figure. Air is supplied from a
large reservoir, where the pressure and the temperature are 750 kPa and 500 K,
respectively. The nozzle discharges to a back pressure of 100 kPa. Determine the Mach
number, pressure, temperature and flow direction in regions 2, 3 and 4.
(Ans. 1.934, 100 kPa, 286.6 K, -13.610, 1.440, 202.3 kPa, 354 K, 00, 2.33, 100 kPa, 289.1
K, 13.720)

patm = 100 kPa

1 2 3 4

Jet boundary

8. An underexpanded converging-diverging nozzle has throat and exit cross-sectional areas

of 0.001 m2 and 0.004235 m2, respectively, as shown in the figure. Air is supplied from a
large reservoir, where the pressure and the temperature are 1500 kPa and 500 K,
respectively. If the back pressure is 30 kPa, determine the Mach number, temperature, and
direction of the flow at the downstream of the expansion fan.
(Ans. 3.21, 163.4 K, 3.890)

4
 p2 = 30 kPa

1 2

9. A spike type oblique shock diffuser with one shock is operating at a Mach number of 2.6,
as shown in the figure. The temperature and the pressure of the approaching air are 260 K
and 50 kPa, respectively. The cross-sectional area at the cowl inlet is 0.01 m2. Determine
the mass flow rate, the pressure and the temperature after the normal shock wave. The total
spike angle is 240.
(Ans. 8.628 kg/s, 525.7 kPa, 575.1 K)

M = 2.6
T = 260 K
p = 50 kPa

Oblique shock
wave Normal shock
wave

10. The two-dimensional airfoil is placed in an air stream with a Mach number of 2.4, as shown
in the figure. If the angle of attack is 10, then determine the lift and the drag coefficients.
(Ans. 0.4931, 0.1352 )

5
 M = 2.4 100

50

c/2 50

c/2

11. The two-dimensional airfoil is placed in an air stream with a Mach number of 2.1, as shown
in the figure. If the angle of attack is 10, then determine the lift and the drag coefficients.
(Ans. 0.5876, 0.1804)

M = 2.1 100

100
c/2

c/2