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Exp IV Spectrometer Wavelength
Exp IV Spectrometer Wavelength
GENERAL OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the number of lines per metre length of the given grating
using green line of mercury source and the wavelength of the five prominent
lines of mercury spectrum using spectrometer.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
1. To execute the preliminary adjustments of the spectrometer
2. To adjust the grating for normal incidence
3. To calculate the angle of diffraction
4. To compute the number of lines per metre length of the given grating
using green line
5. To find the wavelengths of the five prominent spectral lines of the
spectrum
APPARATUS REQUIRED
Spectrometer
Mercury vapour lamp
Diffraction grating
Grating table
Reading lens
Spirit level, etc.,
Ver A
Ver B
Mean
MSR
MSR
MSR
MSR
lines/metre
VC
CR
VC
VC
VC
CR
CR
CR
Green
PREREQUISITE KNOWLEDGE
1. Wavelength
The distance between two successive crests or troughs of a wave.
2. Spectrum
The distribution of colors produced when composite light is dispersed by a
prism or diffracted by a grating.
3. Wavelength range for visible spectral region
400 – 700 nm
4. Diffraction
The bending of light at the obstacles.
2
Vernier A Vernier B Vernier A Vernier B (10-10m)
Mean
MSR
MSR
MSR
MSR
Ver
Ver
VC
CR
VC
VC
VC
CR
CR
CR
B
Violet
Blue
Green
Yellow
Orange
Red
PROCEDURE
I. Initial Adjustments of the spectrometer
1. The telescope is turned to a white background and the eyepiece is moved
to and fro till the cross-wires are well defined.
2. The telescope is focused towards a long distant object and the screw of
the telescope is adjusted to get the inverted image of the distant object
clearly. Now the telescope has been adjusted to receive the parallel rays.
3. The telescope is brought in line with the collimator and the well defined
image of the slit illuminated by a light source is obtained by adjusting
the screw of the collimator. The width of the slit image is made narrow.
4. The spectrometer base is made horizontal by adjusting leveling screws
with the help of spirit level.
5. The level leveling screws of grating table is adjusted with the help of
spirit level to make it horizontal.
APPLICATIONS
Diffraction gratings are used for accurately measuring the wavelength of
light.
Used as wavelength selectors for tunable lasers and beam sampling mirrors
for high power lasers.
Used as beam splitters in optical engineering.
Metallic gratings increase the efficiency of solar cells owing to their high
absorption coefficient.
FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT
1. The refractive index of rulings in grating is ideally
a) 0 b) infinity c) unity d) 1.5
2. The parameter which changes if the grating is not adjusted to normal
incidence is
a) wavelength b) grating constant c) angle of diffraction
d) order of diffraction
3. The spectral lines violet I and violet II appears single line when the
a) intensity of source is less b) intensity of source is more
c) slit width is broad d) slit width is narrow