Professional Documents
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32 Samss 005
32 Samss 005
Contents
1 Scope ..................................................................... 2
2 References ............................................................. 2
3 Definitions .............................................................. 5
4 Materials ................................................................. 5
5 Design .................................................................... 6
6 Fabrication ........................................................... 12
7 Erection ................................................................ 13
8 Methods of Inspecting Joints ................................ 17
9 Welding Procedure and Welder Qualifications ..... 18
10 Marking ................................................................ 18
11 Coatings and Painting .......................................... 19
12 Documentation ..................................................... 19
13 Disinfection ........................................................... 19
Revision Summary ....................................................... 20
The following paragraph numbers refer to API STD 650, Twelfth Edition, March 2013
with Addendum 2, January 2016, which is part of this specification. The text in each
paragraph below is an addition, exception, or deletion to API STD 650 requirements as
noted. Paragraph numbers not appearing in API STD 650 are new paragraphs to be
inserted in numerical order.
1 Scope
1.1 General
1.1.9 Annex B and all other pertinent requirements of this specification shall be
used as the basis for developing detailed design and construction of
foundations for storage tanks.
1.1.10 Additional requirements for external floating roofs are contained in Annex C
of this specification.
1.1.15 Additional requirements for internal floating roofs are contained in Annex H
of this specification.
1.1.33 This specification shall be attached to and form an integral part of a purchase
order.
1.6 Compliance
1.6.1 Any conflicts between this Specification and other Saudi Aramco Materials
System Specifications (SAMSSs), Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards
(SAESs), industry codes and standards, and Saudi Aramco Standard
Drawings (SASDs) and Forms shall be resolved in writing by the Company
or Buyer Representative through the Manager, Consulting Services
Department of Saudi Aramco, Dhahran.
1.6.2 Direct all requests to deviate from this specification in writing to the
Company or Buyer Representative, who shall follow internal company
procedure SAEP-302 and forward such requests to the Manager, Consulting
Services Department of Saudi Aramco, Dhahran.
2 References
The applicable edition of each reference is that in effect on the Project Proposal
approval date for Mandatory Saudi Aramco Engineering Requirements (MSAERs) and
the purchase order date for industry standards.
Tanks
AA-036355 Impressed Current Tank Bottom Cathodic
Protection Details
AB-036387 Tank Grounding
3 Definitions
3.31 Saudi Aramco Inspector: The person or company authorized by the Saudi
Aramco Inspection Department to inspect tanks to the requirements of this
specification.
4 Materials
4.1 General
4.1.3 (Exception) All materials shall be clearly identified and provided with
mill test certificates. Materials shall be alloy-verified by the Tank
Manufacturer in accordance with SAES-A-206.
4.2 Plates
4.2.1 General
4.2.1.6 Annular plate material shall be of the same material group per
API STD 650 as the lowest shell course.
4.2.1.7 Rimmed and capped steels shall not be used for shell, bottom, and roof
plates.
4.7 Bolting
(Exceptions)
a. Flange bolting material shall conform to A193 Grade B7 for bolts
with A194 Grade 2H for nuts.
b. All bolts and nuts used for anchorage shall be as specified on the
Storage Tank Data Sheet. They shall meet the following
requirements:
1) Galvanized.
2) Their diameters increased by 3.2 mm (1/16 in.) as a corrosion
allowance.
3) Their exposed parts top coated with an approved epoxy coating
(e.g., APCS-26).
5 Design
5.1 Joints
5.1.3.5 Lap-welded joints shall be lapped at least five times the nominal
thickness of the thinner plate joined; however, with double-welded lap
joints, the lap need not exceed 50 mm (2 in.), and with single-welded lap
joints, the lap shall not be less than 25 mm (1 in.).
5.1.5.3.a (Exception) Top angles shall be attached to the shell by butt welds with
complete penetration and complete fusion.
Saudi Aramco: Company General Use
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Document Responsibility: Vessels Standards Committee 32-SAMSS-005
Issue Date: 19 September 2018
Next Planned Update: 26 June 2020 Manufacture of Atmospheric Tanks
5.1.5.9.e (Exception) Only roof-to-shell connection details (d), (e), (f), (h), (i) and
(k) in Figure F-2 are permissible.
5.2.1 Loads
5.2.1.g (Exception) Seismic loads shall be based on design data corresponding to
the Saudi Aramco construction site location per SAES-A-112. Seismic
loads shall be determined by the Tank Manufacturer in accordance with
the procedures detailed in ASCE 7 (2005 Edition). Occupancy Category
IV shall be used and the corresponding Importance Factor shall be
ISEISMIC=1.5.
5.2.1.k The design wind speed shall be per SAES-A-112 corresponding to the
Saudi Aramco construction site location.
Design wind pressure shall be determined by the Tank Manufacturer in
accordance with the procedures detailed in ASCE 7 (2005 Edition).
Occupancy Category IV shall be used and the corresponding Importance
Factor shall be IWIND=1.15.
The design uplift pressure on the roof (wind plus internal pressure) shall
not exceed 1.6 times the internal design pressure determined in section
F.4.1 of API STD 650.
5.2.6 Information provided by the Design Engineer on the API STD 650
Storage Tank Data Sheet and a completed Saudi Aramco Form SA-2696
shall be used for the tank design in accordance with API STD 650 and this
specification.
5.2.7.1 Associated piping systems loads shall be as specified on the tank data
sheet.
5.3.6.1 Tanks in services other than water shall be provided with under tank leak
detection and sub-grade protection according to API STD 650,
Annex I. Acceptable construction details are Figures I-1, I-2, I-3, I-6, I-
7, I-8, I-9 and I-10.
5.3.6.3 Joints in the liner shall satisfy the leak tightness, permeability, and
chemical resistance requirements for the liner material.
5.3.7 Reinforcing pads and all other external attachment pads shall have
rounded corners of minimum 50 mm (2 in.) radius. Pads that cover shell
seams shall be provided with a 6 mm telltale hole.
5.4.5 (Exceptions)
3. The drip ring shall be turn down at its outer diameter at a 45-degree
angle.
4. The top of the drip ring and the top of the tank bottom edge
projection beyond the shell shall be coated with the same coating
system used for the first shell course of the tank in accordance with
SAES-H-001.
5.4.6 Bearing plates shall be provided under all fixed roof support columns.
The bearing plates shall be twice the diameter of the column section with a
minimum 356 mm diameter (14 in.), 12.7 mm (1/2 in.) thick, and shall be
attached to the bottom by 4.8 mm (3/16 in.) continuous fillet welds.
5.6.5 Design methods other than the one-foot method and the variable-design-
point method provided in API STD 650 shall be approved by the Saudi
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Document Responsibility: Vessels Standards Committee 32-SAMSS-005
Issue Date: 19 September 2018
Next Planned Update: 26 June 2020 Manufacture of Atmospheric Tanks
Aramco Engineer.
5.7.1 General
5.7.1.10 Number, size, type, and orientation of nozzles and manways shall be in
accordance with SASD AB-036003 and as specified on the Storage Tank
Data Sheet.
5.7.6.5 All shell nozzles shall be the API Low Type, unless otherwise specified.
5.8.5.1 (Exceptions)
1) Protection of fixed roof tanks with internal floating roof shall be as
follows:
a. Where circulation venting arrangement per Annex H,
API STD 650 is installed, no additional pressure/vacuum
venting devices is required.
b. Where circulation venting arrangement per Annex H,
API STD 650 is not installed, pressure/vacuum venting
devices shall be provided. Pressure/vacuum devices shall be
designed for normal and emergency conditions according to
API STD 2000.
2) Protection of External floating roof tanks shall be according to
Annex C (paragraph C.3.9) of this specification.
3) Protection of Internal floating roof tanks shall be according to
Annex H (paragraph H.5.2) of this specification.
5.8.10.1 Type and location of stairway shall be as specified on the Storage Tank
Data Sheet and Saudi Aramco Form SA-2696.
5.8.10.4 Stairways on tanks shall be provided with stringers and handrails on both
sides.
5.8.11.2 (Exception) An inlet diffuser shall be provided for tanks with internal
floating roofs. For relevant design aspects, refer to Annex H of this
specification.
The design of bonding shunts between the tank shell and the roof shall be
in accordance with SASD AB-036387 and API RP 2003 requirements.
5.8.11.5 Mixers
5.8.11.5.1 Number and type of mixers shall be as specified on the Storage Tank
Data Sheet.
5.8.11.5.4 Jet-nozzle mixers shall not be used in tanks with internal floating roofs
on floats.
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Document Responsibility: Vessels Standards Committee 32-SAMSS-005
Issue Date: 19 September 2018
Next Planned Update: 26 June 2020 Manufacture of Atmospheric Tanks
5.8.11.7 Gauging
5.8.11.7.2 External floating roof tanks shall be provided with a radar liquid level
gauge in accordance with 34-SAMSS-319, located adjacent to the
gauger's platform. The top of the gauge piping shall be located from
150 mm (6 in.) to 300 mm (12 in.) above the platform handrail and
approximately 150 mm (6 in.) horizontally from the gauger's platform
for easy maintenance access.
5.9.7.1 Design thickness of the thinnest shell course shall be used to calculate
the maximum height of unstiffened shell.
5.10 Roofs
5.10.2 General
5.10.2.1 Type of roof shall be as specified on the Storage Tank Data Sheet.
5.10.2.6.d (Exception) For anchored tanks of any diameter, the tank shall meet the
requirements of 5.10.2.6.a and the anchorage and counterweight shall be
designed for 3 times the failure pressure calculated by F.6 as specified in
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Document Responsibility: Vessels Standards Committee 32-SAMSS-005
Issue Date: 19 September 2018
Next Planned Update: 26 June 2020 Manufacture of Atmospheric Tanks
5.10.4.6 (Exception) Only welded joints are permitted for all structural
attachments in the roof supporting system other than the following joints:
a) Rafter clips for the outer row to the tank shell.
b) Column-base clip guides to the tank bottom.
Only welded joints are permitted for all structural attachments in the roof
supporting system.
Only welded joints are permitted for all structural attachments roofs'
supporting systems in self-supporting roofs, except for self-supporting
aluminum dome roofs.
6 Fabrication
6.1 General
6.1.1 Workmanship
6.1.1.4 All flange bolt holes shall straddle the axial centerline of the tank.
6.1.4 Marking
6.1.4.2 Marking materials shall be free of lead, sulfur, zinc, cadmium, mercury,
chlorine or any other halogens.
6.1.5 Shipping
All flange faces and other machined surfaces shall be greased and
properly protected for shipping.
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Document Responsibility: Vessels Standards Committee 32-SAMSS-005
Issue Date: 19 September 2018
Next Planned Update: 26 June 2020 Manufacture of Atmospheric Tanks
6.2.3 Saudi Aramco Inspector shall have the right to inspect the fabrication at
any state and to reject material or workmanship, which does not conform
to the specified requirements.
7 Erection
7.1 General
7.1.7 The bottom side of the bottom plates shall be cleaned of all foreign
matter and grit-blast cleaned prior to being coated and placed in position
for welding. The topside surface of bottom plates, regardless whether
coating is required or not, shall also be grit-blast cleaned prior to
welding. Surface preparation shall be according to APCS-3 or
APCS-113, as applicable.
7.2.1 General
7.2.1.13 Documentation that details the welding sequences for the tank shall be
provided to Saudi Aramco prior to the start of field erection.
7.2.1.14 All structural attachment welds to the tank shell, bottom, roof, and
appurtenances shall be continuously seal welded.
7.2.1.15 All welds shall be free from coarse ripples, undercuts, grooves, overlaps,
abrupt ridges and valleys to avoid stress concentration points and
interference with interpretation of NDT results.
7.2.2 Bottoms
7.2.2.4 Weld crowns of the bottom annular plate joints shall be ground flush at
the contact areas with the first shell course.
7.2.4.1
1) The initial weld pass inside the shell shall be examined for its
entire length prior to welding the first weld pass outside the shell
(temporary weld fit-up tacks excepted) both visually and by one of
the following methods:
a. Wet-fluorescent magnetic particle.
b. Dye-penetrant.
c. Applying a vacuum test at 35 kPa gauge (5 psig), using a
right angle vacuum box.
d. Applying high flash-point penetrant oil such as light diesel oil
for a minimum 4 hours (preferably overnight).
Note: After completion of penetrating oil test, all residual oil on the
applied surfaces shall be thoroughly cleaned before
commencing subsequent welds to avoid their possible
contamination.
2) The initial weld pass outside the shell shall be examined for its
entire length both visually and by the dye-penetrant method.
3) After completing all welds (inside and outside) and prior to
hydrotest, the inside fillet welds shall be examined for its entire
length both visually and by either dye-penetrant or wet-fluorescent
magnetic particle method.
7.2.5 Roofs
7.2.5.2 Prior to the installation of fixed roof plates, roof's column supports shall be
inspected for plumbness. Roof support columns with out-of-plumbness
exceeding 1/200 of the total tank shell height shall be realigned.
7.2.5.3 All internal clips, lugs, brackets etc. that are used temporarily for
construction purposes shall be removed from the roof supporting
columns and shell plates and ground flush and smooth prior to roof
installation.
7.3.1 General
with ASME SEC V and this specification. This written procedure shall
address each inspection method and technique used including acceptance
criteria. When required by the purchase order the procedure(s) shall be
submitted to Saudi Aramco Inspection Department for approval.
7.3.1.7 Prior to final inspection and pressure testing, the inside and outside of
the tank shall be thoroughly cleaned of all slag, scale, dirt, grit, weld
spatter, paint, oil, etc.
7.3.1.8 Saudi Aramco Inspector may reject the use of any materials, equipment,
or tools that do not conform to the specification requirements, jeopardize
the safety of personnel, or impose hazard or damage to Saudi Aramco
property.
7.3.6.1 (Exception) Only water shall be used as a media for testing the tank
shell. Quality of water used in the test shall be in accordance with
SAES-A-007. Testing of the shell by a method other than hydrotesting
such as applying highly penetrating oil, applying vacuum or a
combination of both methods is not permitted.
7.3.6.4 The tank shall be completely drained and thoroughly dried immediately
after completion of the hydrostatic test. If sea water or raw water is used
for hydrostatic testing of tanks not designated for water services, the tank
shall be thoroughly washed with fresh water immediately after draining.
7.3.6.5 The Tank Manufacturer's plan for disposal of hydrotest water shall be
evaluated against SAEP-327 by the engineering contractor.
7.3.7.1 (Exception) Any welded joints above the test-water level shall be
examined for leakage in accordance with paragraph 7.3.8 of this
specification.
7.3.7.5 (Exceptions)
1) The maximum filling rate shall be restricted by:
a. Venting requirements (paragraph 5.8.5).
b. Discharge velocity of the incoming stream to 1 m/sec
(3.28 ft/sec) until there is a minimum of 1 m of water cover
over the inlet.
2) Settlement measurements shall be specified. All six sets of
readings are required.
7.3.8.1 (Exception) All roof weld joints of a tank designed to be gas tight shall
be tested by applying internal air pressure. Vacuum box testing is not
acceptable.
7.3.8.2 (Exception) All roof weld joints of a tank not designed to be gas tight,
such as a tank with peripheral circulation vents or a tank with free or
open vents, shall be vacuum box tested. Applying internal pressure for
the detection of leaks is not permitted. External floating roof testing
shall be in accordance with Annex C of this specification. Internal
floating roof testing shall be in accordance with Annex H of this
specification.
8.1.1 Application
(Exceptions)
1) For basic design tanks, radiographic examination for weld joining
the top angle to the shell shall as follows:
a) One in the first 3 m (10 ft) and one in each 30 m (100 ft)
thereafter.
b) 25% of intersections with vertical welds in top shell course
and welds joining sections of top angle.
2) For Annex F storage tanks, radiographic examination of the shell-
to-roof juncture shall be as follows:
a) Entire length of weld joining the top angle to the shell.
b) All intersections of weld joining the top angle to the shell with
vertical welds in shell and welds joining sections of top angle.
3) Welds joining top-angle sections, tension rings, and compression
rings shall be fully radiographed.
8.6.3 (Exception) A partial vacuum of 70 kPa gauge (10 psig) shall be used for
the test.
10 Marking
10.1 Nameplates
10.1.5 All tanks with internal coatings shall have the Approved Protective
Coating Systems specification number (APCS number) marked on the
nameplate.
10.4 Tank number and content shall be painted in both Arabic and English at
90 degree intervals around the tank in accordance with SAES-B-067.
10.6 Marking materials shall be free of lead, sulfur, zinc, cadmium, mercury,
chlorine, or any other halogens.
11.2 Surfaces to be coated shall be cleaned and prepared prior to its coating in
accordance with the applicable coating and painting systems.
11.3 The soil side of all tank bottom plates including annular ring plates shall
be coated with APCS-3 or APCS-113A. APCS-3 shall be specified for
tank with maximum operation temperature of 70°C, while APCS-113A
shall be specified for higher operation temperatures up to 140°C.
Soil side edges of all bottom plates (lap-welded) and annular ring plates
(butt-welded) shall be left uncoated approximately 50 mm wide.
This will typically require masking a strip along the underside of each
end (edge) of each bottom/annular ring plate approximately 50 mm wide.
11.4 In tanks where there is a potential of water accumulation top side of the
bottom and the bottom portion of the shell, starting from the tank bottom
up to minimum one foot above water line, shall be coated according to the
applicable coating specifications per SAES-H-001. Fiberglass lining, if
specified, shall be in accordance with API RP 652 relevant requirements.
11.5 Top surface of carbon steel floating roofs shall be coated to provide
protection against atmospheric corrosion.
12 Documentation
The Tank Manufacturer and internal floating roof manufacturer shall prepare drawings,
calculations, and data in accordance with Form SA-7918-1 and Form SA-7918-2,
Non-Material Requirements, as applicable.
Drawings and calculations, which are approved by the Design Engineer, shall not relieve
the Manufacturer of the responsibility to comply with the Code and this specification.
13 Disinfection
13.1 All potable water storage tanks shall be disinfected in accordance with
AWWA C652.
Revision Summary
26 March 2015 Major revision to re-affirm its content and reflect requirements of the latest edition of the
pertinent API STD 650.
26 June 2017 Major revision is made for consistency with the updated industry standards and for more clarity.
1) Re-affirm its contents against company needs.
2) Benchmark against requirements of the latest edition of the pertinent API STD 650
“Welded Tanks for Oil Storage” that was issued on January 2016.
3) Reflect requirements of the latest edition of the relevant SAES-D-100.
19 September 2018 Editorial Revision to paragraph 7.3.7.1.
B.2.6 Top fill layer 10-15 cm (4-6 in.) shall be a mixture of sweet sand and 3%
cement (33:1 ratio by weight, i.e., 3% cement). The material
specifications and mixing requirements shall be as follows:
2) The dry sand must be screened through 6.4 mm (1/4 in.) mesh
(maximum). Care must be taken in using clean mixing and
handling equipment to ensure mixture remains free from foreign
matter.
C.2 MATERIAL
(Exceptions)
Galvanized parts shall not be used.
Electrical bonding shunt materials shall be Type 304 stainless steel.
C.3 DESIGN
C.3.1 General
C.3.3 Decks
C.3.3.1 (Exception) Roofs in all services shall be of the contact type designed to
eliminate the presence of any air-vapor mixture under the deck.
C.3.3.7 Roofs greater than 91 m (300 foot) in diameter shall be of the double-
deck type.
C.3.7 Ladders
C.3.9 Vents
i) Normally, vents are of the type that does not require undergoing
shop testing but rather in-situ inspection. In case relief valves are
used, their number shall be such that the total required venting
capacity is always available considering removal of valve(s) for
testing.
C.3.10.3 (Exception) The higher position shall provide a 2 m (79 in.) clearance
between the lowest portion of the roof and the tank floor.
C.3.10.5 (Exception) The bearing plates shall be twice the diameter of the support
section, 12.7 mm (1/2 in.) thick, and shall be attached to the bottom by
4.8 mm (3/16 in.) continuous fillet welds.
C.3.13.5 (Exception) If the sealing device employs steel shoes in contact with the
shell, such shoes shall be made of only Type 304 stainless steel with a
minimum nominal thickness of 1.5 mm (16 gauge).
C.4.3 The roof shall be given a flotation test while the tank is being filled with
water and emptied during hydrostatic test to confirm that it travels freely
to its full height. The peripheral seal shall be checked for proper
operation throughout the entire travel of the roof. During this test, the
upperside of the lower deck shall be examined for leaks. The appearance
of a damp spot on the upper side of the lower deck shall be considered
evidence of leakage.
G.1 General
G.1.4.2 (Exception) The aluminum dome roof materials shall have a mill finish.
G.2 Materials
G.2.1 General
(Exceptions)
a) Bolts and fasteners shall be of 7075-T73 aluminum, 2024-T4
aluminum, or 300 Series stainless steel (AISI 302 or AISI 304).
b) Only 300 Series stainless steel (AISI 302 or AISI 304) bolts shall
be used to attach aluminum to steel.
G.4 Design
G.10 Testing
G.11.5 Erection
G.11.6 Workmanship
H.1 Scope
H.2 Types
H.2.1 (Exception) The internal floating roof shall be selected by the design
engineer.
H.3 Material
H.3.1 (Exception) The Design Engineer shall specify the materials required.
H.3.2 Steel
H.3.3 Aluminum
(Exceptions)
H.4.1 General
H.4.1.6 (Exceptions)
1) A minimum of four anti-static stranded stainless steel cables of
minimum 3 mm in diameter, uniformly distributed, shall be
provided from the fixed roof to the internal floating roof.
H.4.1.8 (Exceptions)
H.4.1.10 (Exception) Drains for decks surfaces above the liquid level shall be
designed to return any spillage or condensate to the product. Such drains
shall close automatically or extended at least 100 mm (4 in.) into the
product to minimize vapor loss.
H.4.3.3 (Exception) Pivot joints that allow flexure between adjacent floats shall
be provided on internal floating roof designs that employ a metallic roof
on tubular floats.
H.4.3.3.1 (Exception) Only austenitic type stainless steel SS 304 hardware shall be
used to join aluminum and/or stainless components to each other or to
carbon steel.
H.4.4.2 (Exceptions)
1) The peripheral seal type and material shall be selected by the
Design Engineer.
2) Any fabric or non-metallic materials used as a seal or seal
(Exceptions)
1) Any fabric or non-metallic materials used as a seal or seal
component shall be selected based on the design temperature,
permeability, abrasion resistance, aging, flammability, resistance to
aromatics, and chemical resistance, and selected from the table in
paragraph H.4.4.2 of this specification.
H.4.4.5 (Exception) All fasteners used in sealing devices shall be Type 304
stainless steel.
H.4.6.1 (Exception) The floating roof shall be provided with fixed or adjustable
supports.
H4.6.2 (Exception) The height of the floating roof shall be adjustable to two
positions with the tank out of service. The design of the supports shall
prevent damage to the fixed roof and floating roof at the tank maximum
design liquid level.
H.4.6.3.2 (Exception) Where propeller-type mixers are used, the support legs shall
provide a minimum clearance of 300 mm (12 in.) from the underside of
the internal floating roof to the top of the mixer paddle(s).
H.4.6.6 (Exception) Steel bearing plates shall be provided under all support legs
so as to distribute the weight of the internal floating roof on the tank
bottom plates and to avoid damage to internal tank coatings.
The bearing plates shall be twice the diameter of the support section,
12.7 mm (1/2 in.) thick, and shall be attached to the bottom by 4.8 mm
(3/16 in.) continuous fillet welds.
H.5.2 Vents
H5.2.2.1 (Exception) Peripheral circulation vents shall be located above the shell-
to-roof junction with an outward projecting hood with bottom air-intake
to minimize dust ingress.
(Exception) An inlet diffuser with slots shall be specified for tanks with
internal floating roofs with the following requirements:
1) Size of diffuser and number and dimensions of its slots shall
accommodate the maximum pumping-in rate.
2) Slots shall be located at 60 degrees (2 o'clock and 10 o'clock
positions) from the vertical centerline of the diffuser.
H.6.4 (Exception) Floatation test and initial fill inspection shall be performed
by the erector and witnessed by the purchaser.
H.6.6.3 (Exception) Potable water having less than 50 ppm chlorides shall be
used for testing when the internal floating roof is constructed of
aluminum or stainless steel.
H.6.8.2 When the edges of plates are cut with a torch, the resulting surface shall
be uniform, smooth, and free from scale and slag before performing any
welding.
H.6.9.2 Inspection at the mill, shop, or fabrication yard shall not release the
manufacturer of the internal floating roof from responsibility for
repairing or replacing any defective material or workmanship that may
be subsequently discovered in the field.
H.6.9.3 All support brackets that are welded to tubular pontoons shall be dye-
penetrant inspected.
H.6.9.4 Welded tubular pontoons shall be pneumatically pressure tested with air
at 35 kPa (5 psig) and the welds visually inspected by using a soapy
water solution or by immersing the pontoons under water. All defective
welds shall be repaired and the pontoons re-tested prior to shipment.
H.6.10 Installation
H.6.10.1 Internal floating roofs shall be installed by contractors who have been
approved by the manufacturer of the internal floating roofs.