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KARNATAKA SCHOOL EXAMINATION AND ASSESSMENT BOARD,
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S. S. L. C. EXAMINATION, MARCH/APRIL, 2023

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MODEL ANSWERS
¶´¤MO⁄ : 08. 04. 2023 ] —⁄MOÊfi}⁄ —⁄MSÊ¿ : 52
Date : 08. 04. 2023 ] CODE NO. : 52

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Subject : ELEMENTS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING - IV
( À¤≈¤ @∫⁄¥¿£% / Regular Fresh )
[ V⁄¬Œ⁄r @MO⁄V⁄◊⁄fl : 80
[ Max. Marks : 80

Qn.
Value Points Total
Nos.
1. i) The backbone of an I.C. Engine is
(A) Piston (B) Cam shaft
(C) Crankshaft (D) Valve.
Ans.
(C) Crankshaft 1
ii) Sump for the lubricating oil in the I.C. Engine is
(A) Fly wheel (B) Crank case
(C) Valve (D) Piston rings.
Ans.
(B) Crank case 1
iii) Which type of engines are used in the buses ?
(A) Petrol engine (B) Diesel engine
(C) Gas engine (D) Biogas engine.
Ans.
(B) Diesel engine 1

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Nos.
iv) The mother of machine tools is
(A) Drilling machine (B) Grinding machine
(C) Milling machine (D) Lathe.
Ans.
(D) Lathe 1
v) The type of drilling machine used to drill a hole up to 12
mm diameter is
(A) Sensitive drilling machine
(B) Radial drilling machine
(C) Gang drilling machine
(D) Vertical drilling machine.
Ans.
(A) Sensitive drilling machine 1
vi) The projection on H.P. is
(A) Front view (B) Top view
(C) Side view (D) Right side view.
Ans.
(B) Top view 1
vii) The dimension lines are
(A) Thin line (B) Thick line
(C) Dash line (D) Zigzag line.
Ans.
(A) Thin line 1
viii) In a regular pentagon the exterior angle is
(A) 70º (B) 72º
(C) 75º (D) 108º
Ans.
(B) 72º 1
ix) A plane surface has
(A) three dimensions (B) four dimensions
(C) two dimensions (D) zero dimension.
Ans.
(C) Two dimensions 1

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Value Points Total
Nos.
x) A square lamina is perpendicular to V.P. and parallel to
H.P. Its top view will appear as
(A) Hexagon (B) Pentagon
(C) Triangle (D) Square.
Ans.
(D) Square 1
2. a) List the types of piston rings. 2
Ans.
— compression rings
— oil rings 2×1 2
b) Mention the main parts of I.C. engine. 3
Ans.
— Piston
— Connecting rod
— Crank case
— Crankshaft
— Valves
— Spark plug / Injector 3×1 3
c) Write the difference between four-stroke and two-stroke
petrol engines. 5
Ans.
Four-stroke engine :

— Requires four separate strokes of the piston to

complete one cycle

— Power is developed in every alternate revolution of

the crankshaft

— The charge is directly admitted into the engine

cylinder during suction stroke

— Valves are operated by cam shaft.

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Two-stroke engine :

— Requires only two stroke of the piston to complete

one cycle

— Power is developed in every revolution of the

crankshaft

— The charge is first admitted into the crank case

and then engine cylinder

— There are no valves, piston itself opens and closes

the inlet port and outlet port.

2 + 2 5
3. a) Classify the I.C. engine based on method of cooling. 2
Ans.
i) Water cooling
ii) Oil cooling
iii) Air cooling. 2×1
2
b) Explain plain turning operation carried out in the lathe.
3
Ans.
Plane turning :

The work is turned straight when it is made to rotate

about the lathe axis and tool is fed parallel to the lathe
axis.
Plane or straight turning produces a cylindrical surface
by removing excess metal from the work pieces.
1 + 1
3
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c) With a neat sketch explain the working principle of four-
stroke diesel engine and label the parts. 5
Ans.
Suction stroke :

Piston moves downward (TDC to BDC)

Inlet valve opens and exhaust valve closes (IVO & OVC)
Fresh air is sucked into cylinder
Crankshaft rotates half cycle.

Compression stroke : Air in compressed and attains

high temperature, piston moves from BDC to TDC

Working stroke : Fuel is ignited when it comes in

contact with compressed air piston moves TDC to BDC

Exhaust stroke : Piston moves from BDC to TDC and

valve exhaust valve open inlet valves closed burnt gas is
driven out through exhaust valve.
Sketch = 3
Parts = 2 5

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Value Points Total
Nos.
4. a) Define drilling. 2

Ans.

Drilling is the process of cutting hole in a solid material

using a rotating cutting tool. 2
b) Explain the working principle of Lathe. 3
Ans.
Working principle of lathe :
A lathe, basically turning machine works on the
principle that a cutting tool can remove material in the
form of chip from the rotating work pieces to produce
circular objects.

3
c) Explain the following lathe operations : 5
i) Facing
ii) Taper turning.
Ans.
Facing operation :
Facing operation performed on the lathe to generate
either flat surface or shoulders at the end of the work
piece.

2

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Taper turning operation :
Taper turning as a lathe machine operation is the
gradual reduction in diameter from one part of a
cylindrical work piece to another part.
Taper can be either external or internal of the work
piece.

2 5
5. a) With a neat sketch explain the following drilling

machine operations : 5

i) Counter sinking

ii) Spot facing.

Ans.

i) Counter sinking :

It is the operation of drilling machine to making a cone-

shaped at top end of hole to provide a recess for flat

head screw. 2

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ii) Spot facing :

It is the operation of drilling machine to making the

square surface around the hole for seat for the nut or

head of screw. 2
5
b) A hexagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and axis 60
mm has an edge of its base on the ground. Draw its
projections. 5
Ans.

Front view = 2
Top view = 2 5

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Value Points Total
Nos.
6. A pentagonal plane lamina of 30 mm side rests on HP
with its plane vertical and inclined at 45º to VP. Draw
its top and front views when one of its sides is
perpendicular to H.P. 10
Ans.

First position F.V. + T.V. = 3 + 2

Second position F.V. + T.V. = 2 + 3 10
7. A pentagonal prism is resting on one of its corners of
base on the H.P. The longer edge containing that corner
is inclined at 45º to the H.P. Draw the projections of the
solid. 10
Ans.
Pentagon prism :

First stage = 3 + 2
Second stage = 3 + 2 10

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Value Points Total
Nos.
8. The pictorial view of an object is shown in Figure No. 1.

Draw the following orthographic views and mark the

dimensions : 10

i) Front view — Looking in the direction of arrow 'X'

ii) Top view — Looking in the direction of arrow 'Y'

iii) Side view — Looking in the direction of arrow 'Z'.

All dimensions in mm
Figure No. 1
OR
The orthographic views of an object are shown in Figure
No. 2. Draw the isometric projection of the object. 10

Figure No. 2

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Value Points Total
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Ans.

Front view = 3
Top view = 3
Side view = 3
Dimensioning = 1
10
OR
Isometric projection :

Isometric projection = 8
Dimensioning = 2

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