5

55

26
21

 
53

‫م‬2024/2023

1
 ‫ﻠﻰ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻤلﻤﺎﻴ‬
‫ﻜ‬‫)‪ ( 1‬ﺃ‬

‫ﻴ ﺏﻫﻰ ‪.. ... .........‬ﻭ ‪..... .. ...‬ﻭ ‪... ............‬‬

‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺔﻤﻥﺍﻷﺴﺎ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﺎﻋﻰﻤﺠ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺍﻻﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻠﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫‪-‬ﻟ‬
‫ﻴﻕ ‪.......... .... ..‬‬
‫ﻘ‬‫ﻭ ﺏﻟﺘﺤ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻓ ﻀل ﺃﺴ‬
‫ﻭ ﺏ ‪....... ........‬ﺃ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻟﻰ ﺃﻥﺍﻷﺴ‬
‫ﻜﺎ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﺭﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻤﺩﺨلﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻤﻥﺍ‬
‫‪-‬ﻴﺅ‬
‫ﻥ ‪ ............................ ..‬ﻭ ‪.... ......... ......‬‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﺯ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺘﺒﻁﺒـــﺎ‬
‫ﻴﻁﻴـــ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁـــ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍ‬
‫ﻴﻪ ‪............ ................. ........‬‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻠﻕﻋ‬
‫ﻜﻥ ﺃﻥﻨﻁ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻩﻴ‬
‫ﻌﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻤﻥﺒﺄﺒ‬
‫ﺯ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻓﺎ‬
‫ﻭ ‪....... .............‬‬
‫ﻘﺒل ‪.‬‬
‫ﻤﺴﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﺔ ‪...............................................‬ﺒﺎ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺒﺨﺎ ﺼ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻡﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻔﻬ‬‫ﺭﺘﺒﻁﻤ‬
‫‪-‬ﻴ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻫﻰ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻴﺴ‬‫ﺭﺭﺌ‬
‫ﻨﺎ ﺼ‬
‫ﻴﻥﺜﻼﺜﺔﻋ‬
‫ﺯﻥﺒ‬
‫ﻭﺍ‬‫ﻨﻪﻴ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺒﺄ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻴﺘ ﺼﻑﺍ‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻡﻫﻰ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻭﻋﺔﻤﻥﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻠﻰﻤﺠ‬
‫ﻴﻁﻋ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻔﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻠﺴ‬‫ﻡﻓ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻘ‬‫‪-‬ﺘ‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... .... ...............‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫ﻤﺔﻓﻰ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻔﺔﻋﺎ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺒ ﺼ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻫﺩﺍﻑﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺩ ﺃ‬
‫ﻜﻥﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫ﻫـﺩﺍﻑ‬
‫ﻟـﻰﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻭﻻﹰ ﺇ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺘـﻪﻭ ﺼـ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤـﻰ‪،‬ﻓـﻰﻋ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻨﻬﺞﺍ‬
‫ﻤـ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ ﺏﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻠﻰﺍﻷﺴ‬
‫ﻴﻁﻋ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻤﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻌﺘ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻴﺔﻫﻰ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻴﺎﺕ ﺃﺴﺎﺴ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻡﻋ‬
‫ﻟﻙﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻡﺫ‬‫ﺯ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻴﺴﺘ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻭﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻨﺸ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬

‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫ﻠﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟـﺸﺎ‬
‫ﻴـﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻊﻓـﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻫﺎﺍ‬
‫ﻨﺸﺩ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻰﻴ‬
‫ﻫﺩﺍﻑﺍ‬
‫ﻴﻕﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻘ‬‫ﻴﻁ ﺘﺤ‬
‫ﻠﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻡﻟ‬‫ﻌﺎ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻟﻬﺩﻑﺍ‬
‫ﻤﻥﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺘ ﻀ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﻤﻬ‬‫ﻫ‬
‫ﻤل ﺃ‬
‫ﻭﺍ‬‫ﻠﻰﻋﺩﺓﻋ‬
‫ﻗﻑﻋ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻭﺘﺘ‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪................ .........‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
 ‫ﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺎ‬
‫ﻘﺎﺌﻕﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺤ‬
‫ﻠﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻴﻁﻋ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻔﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻠﺴ‬‫ﻡﻓ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻘ‬‫‪-‬ﺘ‬
‫‪..................................................................................- 1‬‬
‫‪....................................................... .......................................‬‬
‫‪........................................................... ........................‬‬
‫‪....................................................................................- 2‬‬
‫‪................................................................ ..............................‬‬
‫‪.................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.....................................................................................- 3‬‬
‫‪........................................................................ ......................‬‬
‫‪..................................................................................‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪....................................................................................- 4‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫‪..............................................................................................‬‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫‪..................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...................................................................................- 5‬‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫‪..............................................................................................‬‬
‫‪..................................................................................‬‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫‪..................................................................................- 6‬‬
‫‪........................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻠﻲ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻤﺎﻋﻰﻤﺎﻴ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺍﻻﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻡﻤﺒﺎﺩﺉﺍ‬
‫ﻫ‬‫‪-‬ﻤﻥ ﺃ‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .... ...‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻰ‪:‬‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﻴﻁﻭ‬
‫ﻠﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻟ‬
‫ﺭﺍﺤلﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﻁﻓﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻤﺎ ﺀﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻴﻥﻋ‬
‫ﻭﻥﺒ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﻀ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴ ﺙﺍ‬
‫ﻔﺎﻕﻤﻥﺤ‬
‫ﻨﺎﻙﺍﺘ‬
‫ﻫ‬‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪..... ....................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
 ‫ﻋﺔﻤﺜل ‪:‬‬‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻨ‬‫ﻴ ﺏﻤﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻴﺔ ‪Analytical Process‬ﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﺴﺎ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺤ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍ‬
‫‪--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬

‫ﻠﻰ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺏ ‪C.B.A‬ﻤﺎﻴ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻡ ﺃﺴ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺎﻋ‬
‫ﻟﺨﻁﺔﺍﻻﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻌﺎ‬‫ﻡﻓ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘ‬‫ﻭﺍﺕﺘ‬
‫‪-‬ﻤﻥﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫ﻫﺩﺍﻑﻓﻰ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻴ ﺙﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻤﻥﺤ‬
‫ﻔﺔ‬‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤﺨﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﻁﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻉﺍ‬
‫ﻨ‬‫ﻴﺩ ﺃ‬
‫ﻜﻥﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫‪-‬ﻴ‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪........... ..............‬‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫ﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻟ‬

‫ﻴﻁﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬ ‫ﻘ ﺼﺩﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫‪-‬‬
‫‪--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫‪--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫‪-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫ﺯﻯ‬ ‫ﻜ‬‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟﻼ‬ ‫ﻴﻁﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬ ‫ﻘ ﺼﺩﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺒ‬
‫‪--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬

‫ﻭ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻤﻰﻫ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻗ‬‫ﻴﻁﺍﻹ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍ‬
‫‪--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬

‫‪4‬‬
 ‫ﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺎ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻌﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻓ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕﻻﺒﺩﻤﻥﺘ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺩﺓﺘ‬
‫ﻤﺎﻥ ﺠ‬
‫ﻟﻀ‬‫‪-‬‬
‫‪............................................................................... ...............‬‬
‫‪.................... ................. ، . ............... ................... ، ................. ...‬‬
‫‪.................... .................. .............................................. ..........‬‬
‫ﻟﻲ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﺎ‬
‫ﻟﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕﻓﻲﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻟﺘ‬
‫ﺭﺍ ﺽﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴ‬
‫ﻠ ﺹﺍﻷﻏ‬
‫_ﺘﺘﺨ‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... ..... ..‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬

‫ﻟﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻤﺎﺫﺝﺘ‬
‫ﻤﻥﻨ‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫‪...................... ......................................................... ...............‬‬
‫‪.................... ................. ، . ............... ................... ، ................. ...‬‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫‪.................... .................. ........................................................‬‬

‫ﻟﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻜﻼﺕﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺸ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻤﻬﺎﻓﻰ ﺘ‬
‫ﻜﻥ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟﺘﻰﻴ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺕ ﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺔﻤﻥ ﺍﻷﺩ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻴﺩﻤﺠ‬
‫ﻜﻥ ﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻴ‬‫‪-‬‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫ﻤﺜلﻓﻲ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﻰﺘﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫‪............................................................................... ...............‬‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫‪.................... ................. ، . ............... ................... ، ................. ...‬‬

‫‪.................... .................. .............................................. ..........‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻟﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻴﻕﺍ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟﺘﺴ‬
‫ﻭﺫﺝﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﻥﻨ‬
‫ﻴﺘ ﻀ‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪............................................................................... ...............‬‬
‫‪.................... ................. ، . ........ ....... ................... ، ................. ...‬‬
‫‪.................... .................. ........................................................‬‬
‫ﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻤﺎﻴ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻟﺤﺎﺤﺎﺕﻓ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻜﻼﺕ ﺘ‬
‫ﺯ )‪(Booth- Higgins‬ﻤﺸ‬
‫ﻨ‬‫ﻴﺠ‬
‫ﻭﺠﻼﺱﻫ‬
‫ﻭ ﺙﻭﺩ‬
‫ﻟﻥﻴ‬
‫‪-‬ﺤﺩﺩ ﺁ‬
‫‪...................................................... ......................... ...............‬‬
‫‪.................... ................. ، . ............... ................... ، ................. ...‬‬
‫‪.................... .................. ........................................................‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
 ‫ﻥ‪:‬‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻴﺘ‬
‫ﺭ ﺃﺴﺎﺴ‬
‫ﻠﻰﻭﺠﻬﺘﻰﻨﻅ‬
‫ﻠﻰﻋ‬
‫ﻔﺎﻋ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻠﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻟﺘﺤ‬
‫ﻤﺘ ﺼلﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺯﺍ‬
‫ﻜ‬‫ﺭ‬‫‪-‬ﻴ‬
‫‪........................................................................................‬‬
‫‪........................................................................................‬‬
‫‪....................................................... .................................‬‬

‫ﺎﺫﺝﻓﻰ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻩﺍ‬‫ﻠﻰﻭﺘﺘﺤﺩﻫﺫ‬
‫ﻔﺎﻋ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻠﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻟﺘﺤ‬
‫ﻤﺘ ﺼلﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻤﺎﻋﻰﻓﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺍﻹﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻤﺎﺫﺝﺍ‬
‫‪-‬ﺘﺘ ﻀﺢﻨ‬
‫ﻭ ‪.........................................‬‬
‫‪.............................................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪..........................................‬‬
‫‪.............. .............................‬‬
‫ﻠﻰ ‪...... ...................... ...... .............................‬‬
‫ﻘﻰﻋ‬
‫ﻓ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻭﺫﺝﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻜﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺅ‬‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻓ ﻀل‬
‫‪................ ................ .............‬ﺃ‬ ‫ﻴﻁ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﺭ ﺽﻓﻰ ﺍ‬
‫ﻔﺘ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻴﻁ‪،‬ﻭ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻴﺔ ﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻊ‪.‬‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﺭﺍﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻓ‬‫ﻴﻥ ﺃ‬
‫ﻔﺎﻋلﺒ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﺭﺍﹰﻤﻥﺍ‬
‫ﺭﻗﺩ‬
‫ﻓ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟﺘﻰﺘ‬
‫ﻴ ﺏﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺴﺎ‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫ﻴﺔﻤﺜل‬
‫ﺭﻋ‬‫ﻔ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺠ‬‫ﺭﺍﺘ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺔﻤﻥﺍﻻﺴﺘ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻓﺱﻤﺠ‬
‫ﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺠ‬‫ﺭﺍﺘ‬
‫ﻤﻥﺍﺴﺘ‬
‫‪-‬ﺘﺘ ﻀ‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ........ ...........‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬

‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻤﺜلﻓﻰ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻴﺔﺘﺘ‬
‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻤﻬ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺔﻤﻥﺍﻷﺩ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﻥﻤﺠ‬
‫ﻭﺘﺘ ﻀ‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫ﻭ ‪.. .......... ...... ... ...................‬‬

‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻴﺔﻤﺜل‬
‫ﺭﻋ‬‫ﻔ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺠ‬‫ﺭﺍﺘ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺔﻤﻥﺍﻻﺴﺘ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﻥﻤﺠ‬ ‫ﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘ ﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻴﺠ‬
‫ﺭﺍﺘ‬
‫ﻤﻥﺍﺴﺘ‬
‫‪-‬ﺘﺘ ﻀ‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪...................... ...‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... . .. ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻤﺜلﻓﻰ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻴﺔﺘﺘ‬
‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻤﻬ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺔﻤﻥﺍﻷﺩ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﻥﻤﺠ‬
‫ﻭﺘﺘ ﻀ‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.................. .......‬‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫ﻤﺎﻋﻰﻓـﻰ‬
‫ﻤﺨﻁﻁﺍﻻﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺍ‬‫ﻜﺕ ‪ N.Gilbert& H. Specht‬ﺃﺩ‬
‫ﺭ ﻯﺴﺒ‬
‫ﻫﺎ‬‫ﺭﺕ‪،‬ﻭ‬
‫ﻠﺒ‬
‫ﻴل ﺠ‬
‫‪-‬ﺤﺩﺩﻨ‬
‫ﺭﻫﻰ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﺍ‬‫ﺜﻼ ﺙ ﺃﺩ‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪............ ...... ... ...................‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪......... ......... .......‬‬
‫‪.........................‬‬
‫ﻴل‪- :‬‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻤﻊﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻟﺘﺎ‬
‫ﻌﺒﺎﺭﺍ ﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻡﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﻭ ×ﺃ‬
‫ﻤﺔ √ﺃ‬
‫) ‪ (2‬ﻀﻊﻋﻼ‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﻴﻁ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﺭﺍﺤلﺍ‬
‫ﻟﻰﻤ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻊﻓﻰ ﺃ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻠﺔﻟ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟﺸﺎ‬
‫ﻤﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺍﺴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻡﺩ‬‫ﻴﺘ‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪........................... ................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫(‬ ‫ﺨﻁﺔ )‬‫ﻟ‬

‫ﻊﺍ‬‫ﻭﻀ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻟ‬
‫ﻜﺎﺕ ﺃﺴﺎﺴ‬
‫ﻨﻰ‪،‬ﻤﺤ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺯ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻤﺩ ﻯﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫ﺭﺩ‪،‬ﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺍ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻫﺩﺍﻑ‪،‬ﻭﺍ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﻥﺍﻷ‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫‪....................................................... ....................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫‪............. ..............................................................................................‬‬

‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﻟﺨﻁﺔ‬

‫ﻴﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻔ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻌﺔﺘ‬
‫ﻤﺘﺎﺒ‬
‫ﻭ ﺏ )‪(C.B.A‬ﻟ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻡ ﺃﺴ‬
‫ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩ‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪....... ....................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﻴﻁ‬

‫ﻠﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻟﻰﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺭﺍﺤلﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﺔﻓﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻗ‬
‫ﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻡﻤﺒﺩﺃﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩ‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪...................... .....................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫(‬ ‫ﺭﺩ )‬
‫ﻭﺍ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻴﻥﺍﻻﺤﺘ‬
‫ﺯﻥﺒ‬
‫ﻭﺍ‬‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻡﺍ‬‫ﻴﻁﻓﻰﻋﺩ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫‪-‬ﺇﻥﻨﺠﺎﺡﻋ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪........ ...................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪7‬‬
 ‫)(‬ ‫ﻟﺨﻁﺔ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻠﺔ ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﺇﻁﺎ‬
‫ﺭﺤ‬‫ﻊﻤ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻤ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻡﻤﺒﺩﺃﺍ‬
‫ﻨﺎﺴ ﺏﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺘ‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪................................ ...........................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻴﻁ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻴ ﺙﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻔﺔﻤﻥﺤ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤﺨﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﻁﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻉﺍ‬
‫ﻨ‬‫ﻴﺩ ﺃ‬
‫ﻜﻥﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻴ‬‫‪-‬‬

‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﺯﺌﻰ‬

‫ﻟﺠ‬‫ﻴﻁﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻤلﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺸﺎ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻓىﺎ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪......................................................................... ..................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻌﻰ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻟﻁﺒ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺕﻓﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻤﺴﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴ ﺙﺍ‬
‫ﻴﻁﻤﻥﺤ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻉﺍ‬
‫ﻨ‬‫ﻴﺩ ﺃ‬
‫ﻜﻥﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻴ‬‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻗﺘ ﺼﺎﺩ ﻯ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺍﻻ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻭﺍ‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪................ ...........................................................................................‬‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻴﻁ‬
‫ﻤـﺩ ﻯ‪،‬ﺘﺨﻁـ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴـلﺍ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﻁ ﻁ‬
‫ﻴﺔ ‪,‬ﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻴﻁ‬‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﺯﺓﺍ‬
‫ﻴ ﺙﺍﻷﺠﻬ‬
‫ﻴﻁﻤﻥﺤ‬
‫ﻠﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻉﻟ‬
‫ﻨ‬‫ﻭﺠﺩﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺃ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻤﺩ ﻯ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻴﻁﻗ ﺼ‬
‫ﻤﺩ ﻯ‪،‬ﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻭﺴﻁﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺘ‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................. ..............................‬‬

‫ﻴﺔﻓﻰ‬
‫ﻴﻁ‬‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻫﺩﺍﻑﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺎﻏﺔﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻟﺔﻋﻥ ﺼ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻤﺴﺌ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻟﺔﻫﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻠﺩ‬
‫ﻌﺔﻟ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺎﺒ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻴﻁ‬‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻌﺘﺒ‬
‫‪-‬ﺘ‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻘ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻫﺩﺍﻑﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻭﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻤﺎﻋ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺴﺔﺍﻻﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟﺴ‬
‫ﻭﺠﻬﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺘ‬‫ﺇﻁﺎ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪......................................................................................................... ..‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫) (‬ ‫ﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻜ‬‫ﻤﺸ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴلﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻟﺤﺎﺠﺔﻭﺘﺤ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻴﻥﺘ‬
‫ﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁﺒ‬
‫ﻨﺎﻙﺍ‬
‫‪-‬ﻫ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.................................................................................................. .........‬‬

‫‪8‬‬
 ‫(‬ ‫ﺎﺕ )‬
‫ﻟﺤﺎﺠ‬
‫ﻴﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﺭﺍﺤلﺘ‬
‫ﻟﻲﻤ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫‪-‬ﺃ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪........................................................................................................ ...‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻊ)(‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻌﺩﺩﺓﻟﺘ‬
‫ﺭﻕﻤﺘ‬
‫ﻡﻁ‬‫ﻴﺠ ﺏﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍ‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...................................................................... .....................................‬‬

‫(‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺩ )‬
‫ﻓ‬‫ﺭﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻤﺔﻭﺘ‬
‫ﻨﻅ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻟﻲﺘ‬
‫ﻟﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕ ﺇ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺕﺘ‬
‫ﻡﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻘﺴ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫‪-‬ﺘ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫ﺎﺕ ) (‬
‫ﻟﺤﺎﺠ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﺭﺍﺤلﺘ‬
‫ﻟﻲﻤﻥﻤ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻠﺔﺍﻷ‬
‫ﺭﺤ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻨﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻟﺒ‬
‫ﻴلﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫‪-‬ﺘﺤ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪................................................................................... ........................‬‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫(‬ ‫ﺭ)‬
‫ﻠﻰ ﺁﺨ‬
‫ﻭﻉﻋ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴﺔﻤﺸ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻓﻀ‬‫ﺭﺠﺔ ﺃ‬
‫ﻴﺩ ﺩ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻓﻰﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻴ ﺏﻋ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭﺩ ﺃﺴﺎ‬
‫ﺭ ﻯﻭﺠ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻟﻀ‬
‫ﻴﺱﻤﻥﺍ‬
‫‪-‬ﻟ‬
‫‪.......... .................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻟﺤﺎﺠـﺔ‬
‫ﻴـﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﻊﻷ‬
‫ﻤـ‬‫ﻤﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻠﻰ ﺘ‬
‫ﻨﺔﻋ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻤﺔﻤ‬
‫ﻊﻟﺨﺩ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻤﺩ ﻯﺤﺎﺠﺔﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺒ‬‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻗﻑﺍﺘﺨﺎﺫﻗ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﺘ‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫)(‬ ‫ﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤﻕﺘﺄﺜ‬
‫ﻭﻋ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................. ..............................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫)(‬ ‫ﺭ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻠﻰﻋ‬
‫ﻟﻙﻋ‬
‫ﻤﺎﺴﺎﻋﺩﺫ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻤﺠﺔﻜ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤﺞﻤﺒ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻨﺎﻙﺒ‬
‫ﻤﺎﻜﺎﻥﻫ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫‪-‬ﻜ‬
‫‪..................................................... ......................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪........... ................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪9‬‬
 ‫)(‬ ‫ﻴﺎﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﺩ ﺃ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻓﻰﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﻴﺱﻟﻬﺎ ﺃ‬
‫ﻟﺨﻁﺔﻟ‬
‫ﻴﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻔ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﺭﺓﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻘﺩ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺯ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺭﺓﺍ‬
‫ﻔﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ـ ‪-‬ﺍ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.................................... .......................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫)(‬ ‫ﻤﺎﻋﻰ‬
‫ﻤﺨﻁﻁﺍﻻﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺓﺍ‬
‫ﻟﻰﻤﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺕ ﺇ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﺩﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫‪-‬ﻻﺘﺤﺘﺎﺝﻋ‬
‫‪........................................................... ................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪................. ..........................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻊ )(‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻘﺔﻋﻥﺍ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻗ‬
‫ﻴﺜﺔﻭﺩ‬
‫ﻤﺎﺕﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬
‫ﺭﻤ‬‫ﻓ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻠﻰﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺕﻋ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﺩﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻗﻑﻨﺠﺎﺡﻋ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫‪-‬ﻴﺘ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
‫‪....................................... ....................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﻴﻁ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻤﺎﺫﺝﺍ‬
‫ﻨ‬‫ﺭﺍﹰﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻠﻰﺘﻁ‬
‫ﻔﺎﻋ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻠﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻟﺘﺤ‬
‫ﻤﺘ ﺼلﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻌﺘﺒ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫‪-‬‬
‫‪............................................................................ ...............................‬‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.................................. .........................................................................‬‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﻡ(‪.‬‬

‫ﻡ )‪1928‬‬
‫ﻴﺘﻲﻋﺎ‬
‫ﻓ‬‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻟﺴ‬‫ﻴﻁﻜﺎﻥﻓﻲﺍﻻﺘﺤﺎﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻠﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﺭﻟ‬‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻭل ﻅﻬ‬
‫‪-‬ﺃ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫‪.............................. .............................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻌـﺩ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺒ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁـ‬
‫ﻭ ﺏﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻴﺔﺒﺄﺴ‬
‫ﻜ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﺘﺤﺩﺓﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻻ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻠﻲﺭﺃﺴﻬﺎﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻭﻋ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﺭﺃﺴ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻭلﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺩ‬
‫‪-‬ﺃﺨﺫﺕﺍ‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﻡ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻡ )‪1929‬‬
‫ﻡ ‪1930-‬‬ ‫ﻡﻓﻲﻋﺎ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻌﻅ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻜﺴﺎﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻤﺔﺍ‬
‫ﺯ‬‫ﺃ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.................................................................................................. .........‬‬

‫‪10‬‬
‫ﻌﺽ‬
‫ﻴﻪ ﺒ‬
‫ﻭﺠ‬‫ﻡﻤﻥﺨﻼل ﺘ‬
‫ﻘﺎﺌ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻊﺍ‬‫ﻭﻀ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻠﻲﺍ‬
‫ﻔﺎﻅﻋ‬
‫ﻟﺤ‬
‫ﻭلﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺔ ﺘﺤﺎ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﺭﺃﺴ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺠ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻴﺩ‬
‫ﻡﻭﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻨﻅ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍ‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻤﺎﻋ‬
‫ﻤﺎﺕﺍﻻﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟﺨﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺍ‬‫ﻘﺎﺕﻨﺤ‬
‫ﻔ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.......................................................................................................... .‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻡ‬
‫ﻨـﺫﻋـﺎ‬
‫ﻤلﻤ‬
‫ﻟـﺸﺎ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻠﻲﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺩﺕﻋ‬
‫ﻴﻁﻭﺍﻋﺘ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻴﺔ ﺒﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺩ‬‫ﻌ‬
‫ﻟﺴ‬‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺒ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻜﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻤﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻫﺘ‬‫‪-‬ﺍ‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﻫـ(‪.‬‬
‫)‪1390‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪................................................................ ...........................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻭﺫﺝ‬
‫ﻤـ‬‫ﻡﻨ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻴـ ﺙﻴـ ﺼ‬
‫ﺭﺤ‬‫ﻊﻵﺨـ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻜﺔﻤﻥﻤﺠﺘ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤﺸﺎ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻡﻟ‬
‫ﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﻁﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻭﺫﺝﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻠﻑﺍ‬
‫‪-‬ﻴﺨﺘ‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﻊ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻘﺎﹰﻟﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻜﺔ ﻁﺒ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤﺸﺎ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫‪....................... ....................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫ﻴﻪ؟‬
‫ﺭﻙﻓ‬
‫ﻭﺠﻬﺔﻨﻅ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺕﻭ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﺩﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻜﺎﺕﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻭ ﺏﻤﺤ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻠل ﺃﺴ‬
‫‪- 2‬ﺤ‬
‫‪................................. ..........................................................................‬‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻴﺤﻰ؟‬
‫ﻭﻀ‬‫ﻊ ﺇﻋﻁﺎ ﺀﻤﺜﺎلﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺕﻤ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﺩﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻭلﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻭ ﺏ ﺠﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫‪- 3‬ﻭ ﻀﺢ ﺃﺴ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪....... ....................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻭﻋﺎﺕ؟‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤﺸ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻤﺞﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻠﺒ‬
‫ﻴﻁﻟ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨﺎ ﺀﻋ‬
‫ﻡ ﺃﺜ‬
‫ﻤﺘﻰﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺕﻭ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﺩﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﻙﻋﻥﻋ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻔﻬ‬
‫ﺭﻤ‬‫ﻜ‬
‫‪- 4‬ﺍﺫ‬
‫‪.......................................................... .................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪................ ...........................................................................................‬‬

‫‪11‬‬
 ‫ﻡ؟‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘ‬‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻴ ﺏﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻡ ﺃﺴﺎ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻔ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻜ‬‫ﻴﺔ‪،‬ﻭ‬
‫ﻤﺎﻋ‬
‫ﻟﺨﻁﺔﺍﻻﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻡﺍ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘ‬‫ﻴﺔﺘ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻠلﻋ‬
‫‪- 2‬ﺤ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.......................... .................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻫـﺩﺍﻑ‬
‫ﻴـﻕ ﺃ‬
‫ﻘ‬‫ﻴﺘﻪﻓـﻰﺘﺤ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻴﻁ‪،‬ﻭﺍﺴـﺘ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁـ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻴﺔﻓﻰﻋ‬
‫ﻨﻬﺎﺌ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻟﻰﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺭﺍﺤلﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﻥﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺍﺒﻁﺒ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫‪- 3‬ﻭ ﻀﺢﺍ‬
‫ﻊ؟‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫‪................................................................................... ........................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪......................................... ..................................................................‬‬
‫ﻟﺨﻁﺔ؟‬
‫ﻌﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺘﺎﺒ‬
‫ﻴﺫﻭ‬
‫ﻔ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻓﻰﺘ‬
‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻜﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻨﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﺔﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﺯ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻨﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﻥﻜلﻤﻥﺍ‬
‫ﺭﻥﺒ‬
‫‪- 4‬ﻗﺎ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
‫‪................................... ........................................................................‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻜلﻤﻥ؟‬
‫ﻔﺔﻟ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤﺨﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻔﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﺭ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻴلﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺤ‬
‫ﺭﺡﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺸ‬‫ﻭلﺒﺎ‬
‫ﻨﺎ‬
‫)‪ ( 2‬ﺘ‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫ﻤﺎﻋﻰ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺍﻻﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻡﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻔﻬ‬‫‪-‬ﻤ‬
‫ﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻤﺎﺕﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴ‬
‫ﻟﺨﺩ‬
‫ﻟﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺠ‬‫ﺭﺍﺘ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍﺴﺘ‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫‪........................................................................ ...................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................... ............................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺎﺕ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﺤﺎﺠ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻡﺘ‬‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻔﻬ‬‫‪-‬ﻤ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪........................................................................................ ...................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................... ............................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪12‬‬
 ‫ﻠﻰ؟‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻟﺘﺤ‬
‫ﻤﺅﺴﺴﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻩﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺩ ﻯﻭﺍﻻﺘﺠﺎ‬
‫ﻔ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻌﻼﺠﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻠﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻔﺎﻋ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻩﺍ‬‫ﻴﻥﺨ ﺼﺎﺌ ﺹﻜ ﻼﹰﻤﻥﺍﻻﺘﺠﺎ‬
‫ﺭﻥﺒ‬
‫)‪(3‬ﻗﺎ‬
‫‪............................................................................................. ..............‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪................................................... ........................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.......... .................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................ ...............................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺎ‬
‫ﻘﺎﻁﺍ‬
‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺭﺓﻓﻰﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺍﺕﻤﺨﺘ ﺼ‬
‫ﻜ‬‫ﻜﺘ ﺏﻤﺫ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍ‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫ﻴﻁ؟‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻤﺒﺩﺃﻓﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻴﻕﻜ‬
‫ﻨﺴ‬‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻭﻥﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻌﺎ‬‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬‫‪-‬ﺃ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................. ..............................‬‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.................................... .......................................................................‬‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻌﺎﺌﺩ؟‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻔﺔﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻜ‬‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻴلﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻭ ﺏﺘﺤ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻡ ﺃﺴ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺎﻋ‬
‫ﻟﺨﻁﺔﺍﻻﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻌﺎ‬‫ﻡﻓ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘ‬‫ﻭﺍﺕﺘ‬
‫‪-‬ﺨﻁ‬
‫‪........................................................................ ...................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.............................. .............................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪................................................................................................ ...........‬‬

‫‪13‬‬
 ‫ﻴﺸﺔ؟‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ ﻯﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺴﺘ‬
‫ﻘﺎ ﺀﺒ‬
‫ﺭﺘ‬
‫ﻤﺎﻋﻰﻭﺍﻻ‬
‫ﺭﺍﻻﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻐ‬‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺒﺎ‬
‫ﻤﺎﻋ‬
‫ﻟﺨﻁﺔﺍﻻﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻫﺩﺍﻑﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺘﺒﻁ ﺃ‬
‫‪-‬ﺘ‬
‫‪.......................... .................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻴﻁ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤلﻓﻰﻋ‬
‫ﻜﺎ‬‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻭلﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟﺸ‬
‫ﺭﺘﺒﺎﻁﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬‫‪-‬ﺃ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪................................................................................................... ........‬‬

‫ﻴﺫ؟‬
‫ﻔ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻠﺘ‬
‫ﻠﺔﻟ‬
‫ﻘﺎﺒ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻟﺨﻁﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻨﺎﺴ ﺏﺒﺎ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻘ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍﺘﺨﺎﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻔ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ـ ‪-‬ﻜ‬
‫‪..... ......................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫ﻤﻲ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻨﻬﺞﺍ‬
‫ﻭ ﺏﻤ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻴﺎﻭﻋ‬
‫ﺯﺍ‬
‫‪-‬ﻤ‬
‫‪......................................................................................................... ..‬‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................... ............................................‬‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫ﻤﻲ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻗ‬‫ﻴﻁﺍﻹ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻨﻬﺞﺍ‬
‫ﻭ ﺏﻤ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻴﺎﻭﻋ‬
‫ﺯﺍ‬
‫‪-‬ﻤ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫‪........................................................ ...................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻋﻲ ‪:‬‬‫ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺍﻻﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻟﺤﺎﺠﺎﺕﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻴﻥﺘ‬
‫ﻗﻪﺒ‬
‫ﻌﻼ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍ‬
‫‪............................................................... ............................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪..................... ......................................................................................‬‬

‫ﺎﺕ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﺤﺎﺠ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺕﺘ‬
‫‪-‬ﺨﻁ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.. .........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪14‬‬
 ‫ﻴﺎﺕ؟‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﺩﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬‫‪-‬ﺃ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.............................................................................................. .............‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻴﺎﺕ؟‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﺩﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻨﺔﻓﻰﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻌﺎ‬
‫‪-‬ﻤﺒﺎﺩﺉﻤ‬
‫‪........................................................................................ ...................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.............................................. .............................................................‬‬

‫ﻴﺎﺕ؟‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﺩﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻴﻥﻓﻰﻟﺠﺎﻥﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻤﺨﻁﻁ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺍ ﺀﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺨﺒ‬
‫ﺭﺃ ﻯﺍ‬
‫ﻡﺒ‬‫ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻫﺘ‬‫‪-‬ﻤﺩ ﻯﺍﻻ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
‫‪.................................................................... .......................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫ﺎﺕ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﺩﺍﻷ‬
‫ﺭﻟﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻤﺅﺸ‬
‫ﻫﺎﻜ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺠﺔﺘ‬
‫ﻟﺔﻭﺩ‬
‫ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻋ‬‫ﻴﺔﻨ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻫ‬‫‪-‬ﺃ‬
‫‪....................................................................................... ....................‬‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................. ..............................................................‬‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫ﻴﺎﺕ؟‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﺩﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨﺠﺎﺡﻋ‬
‫ﻗﺘﻬﺎﺒ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻭﻋﻼ‬
‫ﻴﻁ‬‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻡﻨﺠﺎﺡﺍ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺩﻋﺎﺌ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫‪......................................................................... ..................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪-‬ﺗﻜﺘﻴﻜﺎﺕ ﳑﺎﺭﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻰ‪:‬‬

‫ﻓﺱ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺠ‬‫ﺭﺍﺘ‬
‫ﺭﺘﺒﻁﺒﺎﺴﺘ‬
‫ﻜﺎﺕﺘ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻜﺘ‬
‫‪- 1‬ﺘ‬
‫‪......................................................................................................... ..‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................... ............................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...................... .....................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪15‬‬
 ‫ﻥ‪:‬‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟﺘ ﻀﺎ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺠ‬‫ﺭﺍﺘ‬
‫ﺭﺘﺒﻁﺒﺎﺴﺘ‬
‫ﻜﺎﺕﺘ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻜﺘ‬
‫‪- 2‬ﺘ‬
‫‪.................... .......................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...................................................................................... .....................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................ ...............................................................‬‬

‫ﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻓﺴ‬‫ﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺠ‬‫ﺭﺍﺘ‬
‫ﺭﺘﺒﻁﺒﺎﻻﺴﺘ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻰﺘ‬
‫ﻤﺎﻋﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺨﻁﻁﺍﻹﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺍ‬‫‪ -‬ﺃﺩ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪................................................................. ..........................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
‫‪........................ ...................................................................................‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫ﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟﺘ ﻀﺎ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺠ‬‫ﺭﺍﺘ‬
‫ﺭﺘﺒﻁﺒﺎﻻﺴﺘ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻰﺘ‬
‫ﻤﺎﻋﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺨﻁﻁﺍﻹﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺍ‬‫‪-‬ﺃﺩ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫‪.. .........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.................................................................... .......................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪16‬‬
 ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻄﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻣﺼﺮ‬

‫ﺭ‪:‬‬
‫ﻴﻁﻓﻲﻤ ﺼ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﺯﺓﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻉ ﺃﺠﻬ‬
‫ﻨ‬‫‪ .1‬ﺃ‬
‫‪......................................................................................... ..................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................... ............................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...... .................................................................................................... .‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪........................................................................ ...................................‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫ﺭ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻓﻲﻤ ﺼ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻘ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻟﺨﻁﺔﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫‪. 2‬ﺨﻁﺴ‬
‫‪........................................................... ................................................‬‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪................. ..........................................................................................‬‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫‪................................................................................... ........................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.......................................... .................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪. .................................................................................................... ......‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪17‬‬
 ‫ﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻌﺒﺎﺭﺍ ﺕﺍﻵﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻡﻜلﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓﻤﻥﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﻭ )‪ (X‬ﺃ‬
‫(ﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴ ﺅﺍلﺍﻷﻭل‪ :‬ﻀﻊﻋﻼﻤﺔ )‪‬‬
‫(‬ ‫ﺨﻁﺔ ‪) .‬‬‫ﻠ‬
‫ﺭﺡﻟ‬
‫ﻘﺘ‬
‫ﻤﻲﻤ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻭﻱﻗ‬
‫ﺯﺭﺍ ﺀﻤﺴﺘ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻠﺱﺍ‬
‫ﻌﺘﺒﺭﻤﺠ‬
‫‪.1‬ﻴ‬
‫(‬ ‫ﺨﻁﺔ ‪) .‬‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻊﺍ‬‫ﻨﺎ ﺀﻭ ﻀ‬
‫ﻐﻁ ﺃﺜ‬
‫ﺯﺓ ﻀ‬
‫ﻴﺔ ﺃﺠﻬ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺴ‬
‫ﻟﺴ‬
‫ﺯﺍ ﺏﺍ‬
‫ﻌﺩﺍﻷﺤ‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺘ‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺀ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺯ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻠﺱﺍ‬
‫ﻟﻰﻤﺠ‬
‫ﻭﺍ ﺏ ﺇ‬
‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻠ ﺱﺍ‬
‫ﻘﺔﻤﺠ‬
‫ﻓ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻌﺩﻤ‬
‫ﻟﺨﻁﺔﺒ‬
‫ﻊﺍ‬‫ﻓ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫‪ .3‬ﺘ‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﻠﺨﻁﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻘﺭﻟ‬
‫ﻤﻲﻤ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻭ ﻯﻗ‬
‫ﻤﺔﻤﺴﺘ‬
‫ﻤﺴﺘﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻴﻁﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻠﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻠﻰﻟ‬
‫ﻠﺱﺍﻷﻋ‬
‫ﻤﺠ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻌﺘﺒﺭﺍ‬
‫‪.4‬ﻴ‬
‫(‬ ‫ﺭﺡ ‪) .‬‬
‫ﻘﺘ‬
‫ﻠﻲﻤ‬
‫ﻭ ﻯﻤﺤ‬
‫ﻜﺎﻥ(ﻤﺴﺘ‬
‫ﻡ ‪ -‬ﺼﺤﺔ ‪ -‬ﺇﺴ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻤﺘﺨ ﺼ ﺼﺔﻓﻲﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ )ﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺫ‬
‫ﻔ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﺭﺍﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻌﺩﺍﻹﺩﺍ‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺘ‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻤﻬ‬
‫ﻟﺠ‬‫ﻴﺱﺍ‬
‫ﻫﺎﻤﻥﺭﺌ‬
‫ﻤﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻌﺩﺍﻋﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺒ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤﺼ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻊﺍ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺌ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻴﺩﺓﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺨﻁﺔﺒﺠﺭ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻨﺸ‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺘ‬
‫(‬ ‫ﺎ‪) .‬‬
‫ﻓ ﻀﻬ‬
‫ﻨﻰﺭ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻴﺔﻴ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻤﻬ‬
‫ﻟﺠ‬‫ﻴﺱﺍ‬
‫ﻨﺩﺭﺌ‬
‫ﻟﺨﻁﺔ ﺸﻬﺭﻋ‬
‫ﻭ ﺙﺍ‬
‫ﻜ‬‫‪.7‬ﻤ‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﻴﺫ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻔ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﺯ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺭ‬
‫ﻴﻁﻭﻻﻤ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﺯ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺭ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺍﺡﻭ‬
‫ﻗﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍﻻ‬
‫ﺯ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺭ‬
‫ﻴﻁﻓﻲﻤ ﺼﺭﻻﻤ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻡﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻘ‬‫‪.8‬ﻴ‬
‫(‬ ‫ﺭ ‪).‬‬‫ﻴﻁﻓﻲﻤ ﺼ‬
‫ﻠﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻴﺠﻲﻟ‬
‫ﺭﺍﺘ‬
‫ﺭﺍﻻﺴﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻤ ﺼﺭ ‪2030‬ﺍﻹﻁﺎ‬
‫ﻤﺔﺭﺅ‬
‫ﻤﺴﺘﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺠ‬‫ﺭﺍﺘ‬
‫ﻌﺩﺍﺴﺘ‬
‫‪ .9‬ﺘ‬
‫ﺭ)‬‫ﻴﺔﻓﻲﻤ ﺼ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻘ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻟﺨﻁﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻤ ﻺﻋﺩﺍﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻨﻅ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻟﻲﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺤﺎ‬
‫ﻌﻲﺍ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻟﺘﺸﺭ‬
‫ﻨﺔ ‪1973‬ﺍﻹﻁﺎﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻡ ‪70‬ﻟﺴ‬
‫ﻗ‬‫ﻭﻥﺭ‬
‫ﻨ‬‫ﻘﺎ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻌﺩﺍ‬
‫‪.10‬ﻴ‬
‫(‬

‫ﻴل‪:‬‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻌ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻤﻊﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻟﺘﺎ‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻌﺒﺎﺭﺍ ﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻡﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺔ )√( ﺃ‬
‫ﻭ ) ×( ﺃ‬ ‫)‪ (1‬ﻀﻊﻋﻼ‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫ﻨـﻰ‬
‫ﻘﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻭﺫﺝﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻭ ﺼﺎﺤ ﺏﺍ‬
‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻘﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺩ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻡ ‪"Lindblom‬ﻤﺅﺴﺱﺍ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻨﺩﺒ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻡ"‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻌﺎ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺃ ‪-‬ﻴ‬
‫ﻌﺘﺒ‬
‫ﻴﺩ‬
‫ﺭﺸ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫)(‬
‫‪................................... ........................................................................‬‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻔﺎﻋ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻨﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻨﺴﺎ‬
‫ﻨ ﺏﺍﻹ‬
‫ﻟﺠﺎ‬
‫ﻠﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻘﻰﻋ‬
‫ﻓ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻭﺫﺝﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻜﺩﺍ‬
‫ﺏ ‪-‬ﻴﺅ‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫)(‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪........... ................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫)(‬ ‫ﻴﺎﹰ‬
‫ﺯﺌ‬
‫ﻘﺩﺓ ﺇﻻ ﺠ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻜﻼﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺸ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺭﺍﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﻡﻤﺘ‬
‫ﻜﻥﻓﻬ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺝ ‪-‬ﻻﻴ‬
‫‪........................... ................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫)(‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻘﺎ ﺀﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺒ‬
‫ﻠﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻊﻋ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻤﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺓﺍ‬
‫ﻘﺩ‬‫ﻴﻁﺒ‬
‫ﻠﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻠﻰﻟ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻟﺘﺤ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻭﺫﺝﺍﻹﻁﺎ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻡﻨ‬
‫ﺩ ‪-‬ﻻﻴﻬﺘ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪..................... ......................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪18‬‬
 ‫)(‬ ‫ﻭﻯ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻭ ﺙﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻟﺜﺎ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻗﺎﻋﺩﺓﺍ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻡﺍ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻤﺜلﺍ‬
‫ﻫـ ‪-‬ﺘ‬
‫‪.................................. .........................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫)(‬ ‫ﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻴﻁ‬‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻤﺎﺫﺝﺍ‬
‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻤﺔﻓﻰﺍ‬
‫ﺭ ﺃﺩﺍﺓﻤﻬ‬
‫ﻌﺘﺒ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻻﺘ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻟﺒﺸ‬
‫ﻗﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻟﻁﺎ‬
‫ﻭ ‪-‬ﺍ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............... ............................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫)(‬ ‫ﻴﻁﻰﻨﺎﺠﺢ‬
‫ﺭﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻴﺔﻓﻰﺍﺘﺨﺎﺫﻗ‬
‫ﻴﺔ ﺃﺴﺎﺴ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻗ ﻀ‬
‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻘﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺯ ‪-‬ﺍ‬
‫‪.............................. .............................................................................‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫ﻤـﺎﺫﺝ‬
‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺩ ﻯ ﺼـﻼﺤ‬
‫ﺭﺍﺘﻬﺎﻭ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﻴﺩﻤﺘ‬
‫ﻊﻭﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻭﺍﺠﻪﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻰﺘ‬
‫ﻜﻼﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺸ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻌﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠل ﻁﺒ‬
‫‪- 2‬ﺤ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺠﻬﺘﻬﺎ؟‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻴﺔﻟ‬
‫ﻴﻁ‬‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﺍ‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.............................................. .............................................................‬‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻴﺔ؟‬
‫ﻤﺎﻋ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍﻻﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻴﻁﻓﻰﻤﺠﺎلﺍ‬
‫ﻠﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻠﻰﻟ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻟﺘﺤ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬‫ﻭﺫﺝﺍﻹﻁﺎ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﻨ‬
‫ﻨﺎ ﺼ‬
‫‪- 3‬ﻭ ﻀﺢﻋ‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫‪............................................................................ ...............................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.................................. .........................................................................‬‬

‫ﺭﻙﻓـﻰ‬
‫ﻊﻭﺠﻬﺔﻨﻅ‬
‫ﻠﻰ‪،‬ﻤ‬
‫ﺭﺤ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻭﺫﺝﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻴﺩ‪،‬ﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺸ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻨﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻘﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻭﺫﺝﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻴﻥﻜلﻤﻥﺍ‬
‫ﺭﻥ ﺒ‬
‫‪- 4‬ﻗﺎ‬
‫ﺭ؟‬
‫ﻌﺎ ﺼ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺭ ﻯﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺼ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻊﺍ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻤﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻨﺎﺴ ﺏﻟ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻴﻁﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻭﺫﺝﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
‫‪............ ...............................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪19‬‬
 ‫‪ -‬ﲡﺮﺑﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﺎﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ‪:‬‬
‫ﻴﻁ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻴﺎﻓﻲﺍ‬
‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺎ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﺭﺒﺔﺒ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺘﺠ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪....................................................................................................... ....‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪.............................................................. .............................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪..................... ......................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
‫‪....................................................................................... ....................‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................. ..............................................................‬‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫ﻴﻁ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻓﻲﺍ‬
‫ﻜ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻤﺘﺤﺩﺓﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻴﺎﺕﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻻ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫‪‬ﺍ‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫‪........................................... ................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫‪. ..........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪........................ ...................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................... ............................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪20‬‬
 ‫ﻤﻲ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻗ‬‫ﻴﻁﺍﻹ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻴﺎﻓﻲﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺴ‬‫ﺭﺒﺔﺭ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺘﺠ‬
‫‪....................................... ....................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪......................................................................................................... ..‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................... ............................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...................... .....................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﺱ‪:‬‬
‫ﻗ‬‫ﻷ‬‫ﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻨﺒ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻴﺤﺔ‬
‫ﻟﺼﺤ‬
‫ﻹﺠﺎﺒﺔﺍ‬
‫ﺍﺨﺘﺎﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻥ‪:‬‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺎ‬
‫ﻴﻥﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺫﺠ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻴﻥﻜلﻤﻥﺍ‬
‫ﻠﻁﺒ‬
‫ﻤﺨﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻭﺫﺝﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻊﺍ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻴﺠ‬‫‪.1‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
‫ﻘﻰ(‬
‫ﻓ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻘﻼﺘﻰ ‪-‬ﺍ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻠﻰ ‪،‬ﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺤ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻨﻰ ‪-‬ﺍ‬
‫ﻘﻼ‬‫ﻌ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻘﻰ‪،‬ﺍ‬
‫ﻓ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻠﻰ ‪-‬ﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺤ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫)ﺍ‬
‫ﻋﺩﺓ ‪:‬‬‫ﻤﺴﺎ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻌﻼﺠﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻠﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻔﺎﻋ‬
‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻩﺍ‬‫ﻤﺎﻋﻰﻓﻰﺍﻹﺘﺠﺎ‬
‫ﻤﺨﻁﻁﺍﻹﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫‪ .2‬ﺩ‬
‫‪26‬‬

‫ﺤﻪ (‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻴﻪ ‪،‬ﻭﻻﺍﺠﺎﺒﻪ ﺼﺤ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻟﺜﺎ‬
‫ﻴﻪ‪،‬ﺍ‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫)ﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻊ‬
‫ﻗ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻭﺍﺨﺘ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻟﻁﺒ‬
‫ﺭﺩﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺍ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻠﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻓﻅﺔﻋ‬
‫ﻤﺤﺎ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻟﻰﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺫ ﻯﻴﻬﺩﻑﺍ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻭﻉﻤﻥﺍ‬
‫ﻨ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻟﻙﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺫ‬‫‪.3‬ﻫ‬
‫‪21‬‬

‫ﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟﺨﺩ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻨﺘﺎﺠ‬
‫ﻴﺔﻭﺍﺍﻹ‬
‫ﻗﺘ ﺼﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻤﺅﺴﺴﺎﺕﺍﻹ‬
‫ﻠ‬‫ﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔﻟ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺍ‬
‫‪53‬‬

‫ﻌﻰ( ‪.‬‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻟﻁﺒ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺍ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻗﺘ ﺼﺎﺩ ﻯ ‪،‬ﺍ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺍﻹ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﻤﺎﻋﻲ ‪،‬ﺍ‬
‫ﻴﻁﺍﻻﺠﺘ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫)ﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺠﻬﺔ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺤﺔﻟ‬
‫ﻘﺘ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻟﺨﻁﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺩ ﻯ ﺼﻼﺤ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕﻭ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺕﺍﻻﺤﺘ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴ ﺏﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺘ‬
‫ﻡ ﺒﺘ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﻴﻁ ﺘ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺨﻁ‬
‫ﺯﺓﺍ‬
‫‪.4‬ﺍﺠﻬ‬
‫ﺎﺴﺒﻕ (‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻡ‪ ،‬ﺠ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘ‬‫ﻟﺘ‬
‫ﻭﺍ‬
‫ﻌﺔ‬‫ﻤﺘﺎﺒ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻟﺨﻁﺔ‪،‬ﺍ‬
‫ﻊﺍ‬‫ﻭﻀ‬
‫ﻭﺩ )‬
‫ﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕﻓﻰﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻠﻙﺍﻹﺤﺘ‬
‫ﺘ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕﻓﻰ‬
‫ﻠﻙ ﺍﻻﺤﺘ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺠﻬﺔ ﺘ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭﺤﺔﻟ‬
‫ﻘﺘ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻟﺨﻁﺔ ﺍ‬
‫ﻴﺔ ﺍ‬
‫ﻤﺩ ﻯ ﺼﻼﺤ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕﻭ‬
‫ﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺤﺘ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴ ﺏﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺘ‬
‫‪.5‬ﺘ‬
‫ﻊﻤﺎﺴﺒﻕ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻴﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺠ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﺩﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻴﺔﺘﺤﺩ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻭﺩﺓ ‪،‬ﻋ‬
‫ﻨﺸ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻭﺩ ‪):‬ﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻫﺩﺍﻑﺍ‬ ‫ﺤﺩ‬

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