* William Shakespeare, Michel de Montaigne and Giambattista Vico- prominent literary men that

referred to the book in their interpretation of the New World.

* Ladrones Islands- 1521 Ferdinand Magellan, of Portugal, called it “Isla de Ladrones” (Island of Thieves)
because islanders took whatever they could from his ship as payment for the food and water they had
given the crew. 1500s Controlled by Spain until 1889.

* Marianas Island - are a crescent-shaped archipelago. They lie south-southeast of Japan, west-
southwest of Hawaii, north of New Guinea and east of the Philippines, demarcating the Philippine Sea's
eastern limit.

* Isle of Zamal (Samar)- the first island of the Philippines sighted by the Spanish expedition led by
Ferdinand Magellan. He sighted it on 16 March 1521, having sailed there from the Mariana Islands.

* March 18, 1521 -Europeans make their first contact with Filipinos on Homonhon Island. Magellan
embraces the local chief and requests food and drinks.

* Uraca- Palm Wine

* Cochos- fruit of Palm Trees. The name comes from the old Portuguese word coco, meaning "head" or
"skull", after the three indentations on the coconut shell that resemble facial features.

* Umai- Rice

* Humunu Island- Ferdinand Magellan and his crew dropped anchor off the uninhabited island of
Humunu, now Homonhon, on March 16, 1521. The inhabitants of the island mark the arrival of the first
Christians in what we now call as the Philippines. They stayed there for eight days before proceeding
with their journey to what is now known as Philippines.

* March 25th- The expedition leaves Homonhon and sails across the waters of Hinunangan (Southern
Leyte) and of Gibusong Island (Loreto, Dinagat Islands). Departure on March 25, 1521- Arrival on March
28, 1521.

* Watering place of good signs- as they landed on "uninhabited island" or known as "Humunu"
(Homonhon) which Pigafetta referred to as "Watering place of good signs" because the place is
abundant in gold.

* St. Lazarus Island- Named by Magellan when he reached the islands of Homonhon in Samar (Eastern
Samar) on the feast day of Saint Lazarus Bethany.

* Ballanghai- Balangay was one of the first native words the Europeans learned in the Philippines. The
Venetian chronicler Antonio Pigafetta, who was with Ferdinand Magellan when setting foot in the
Philippines in 1521 called the native boats balangai or balanghai.
* Mazzawa/Mazaua- the first documented Catholic Mass in the Philippines was held here. It was
conducted by Father Pedro de Valderrama along the shores of what was referred to in the journals of
Antonio Pigafetta as "Mazaua".

* Wooden polished sheath- it is have been used for centuries as a way to carry swords, axes, and large
knives. It is also called a scabbard or a holster. People used it to protect the blades. Now, the wooden
sheath is very handy if you want to add a cover to your knife to protect and sustain its life.

* Raia Calambu- the king of Zuluan and Calagan. Ruler of Limasawa

* Raia Siagu- the first king, ruler of Butuan,and brother of Raia Calambu, both Rajas from Leyte.

* March 31st- The first documented Catholic Mass in the Philippines was held. It was conducted by
Father Pedro de Valderrama of Ferdinand Magellan's expedition along the shores

* Islands of Ceylon- they sailed westwards towards a large island named Seilani which was inhabited and
was known to have gold. (Seilani — or, as Pigafetta calls it, “Ceylon” — was the island of Leyte.

* April 7th- Magellan landed in Cebu. He was welcomed by Rajah Humabon, the king of Cebu.

* Rajah Humabon- later baptized as Don Carlos, was a King of Cebu in the 16th century. Humabon ruled
at the time of the arrival of Portuguese-born Spanish explorer Ferdinand Magellan in the Philippines in
1521. Humabon, his wife, and his subjects were the first known Catholic converts in the Philippines.

* April 14th - Magellan's Cross was erected by Ferdinand Magellan, at the site where 800 Cebuanos
including Rajah Humabon were baptised.

* Don Charles (Carlos)- granted his support to Magellan who in turn promised that his westward sea
voyage would bring immeasurable riches to Spain.

* King of Mazavva Jehan- Prince Don Fernand (Fernando).

* April 26th- Datu Zula, Chief of Mactan, sent to Magellan one of his sons with two goats as present.
Zula who had promised his service to the King of Spain was opposed by another Chief, Lapu-lapu.

* Island of Matan (Mactan) - Pigafetta noted the names of two chiefs of the island of Matan
(Miramonte), the chiefs Zula and Çilapulapu. It is where the battle of Mactan Happened where Magellan
was killed.

* Silapulapu- Lapu-Lapu, whose name was first recorded as Çilapulapu, was a datu (chief) of Mactan in
the Visayas in the Philippines. Widely known for the Battle of Mactan. He and his men defeated the
Spanish forces, led by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan and his native allies Rajah Humabon and
Datu Zula.

* April 27th- Magellan was killed in a fight with islanders in Mactan Island, Cebu, Philippines. Magellan
died after receiving a poisoned arrow in his right leg.
* Spice Island- Magellan wanted to find the first western route to the Spice Islands for the glory of Spain,
but he eventually died on April 27. Magellan would never make it to the Spice Islands, but after the loss
of yet another of his fleet's vessels, the two remaining ships finally reached the Moluccas on November
5, 1521.