MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE FOOD AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPM

CRPSC 130
PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

Name: John Maverick F. Domingo Date: _______

Laboratory Exercise 2
Plant Growth Regulators

I. INTRODUCTION

Chemicals called plant growth regulators (PGRs) are used to change the way
plants develop. For example, PGRs can increase branching, reduce shoot growth,
increase return bloom, get rid of extra fruit, or change the maturity of the fruit. PGR
efficacy is influenced by a variety of variables, such as how well the chemical is
absorbed by the plant, tree vigor and age, dosage, timing, cultivar, and weather
conditions prior to, during, and after application.

Chemicals linked to auxins, gibberellins and inhibitors of gibberellin

production, cytokinins, abscisic acid, and compounds altering the status of ethylene
are the five groups into which plant growth regulators may be divided. There are
also goods that prevent the formation of plant hormones (Apogee, Retain)

II. OBJECTIVES

1. Identify and describe the plant growth regulators affecting plant’s growth.
2. Familiarize the student on the presence, role, effects and side effects of plant
growth regulators in plant

III. PROCEDURE

1. Make a research work regarding the plant growth regulators.

2. Identify and describe each of the plant growth regulators
3. Describe the plant regulators that could promote and/or inhibit growth.
4. To illustrate or differentiate each of the plant growth regulators.

IV. QUESTIONS/DISCUSSION

1. Describe the growth of your plants with the presence or absence of the plant
growth regulators.

 Plants require light, water, oxygen, minerals and other nutrients for their
growth and development. Apart from these external requirements, plants also
depend on certain organic compounds to signal, regulate and control the
growth of plants. These are collectively called as Plant Growth Regulators or
Plant Growth Hormones.
2. When do we say that a plant growth regulator is promoting or inhibiting growth?
Explain your answer.
Auxin
 MARIANO MARCOS STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE FOOD AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPM

 These are growth-promoting chemicals that help shoots lengthen, although at

high concentrations they can hinder lateral bud development. Auxins can be
employed as herbicides as well as plant growth regulators. Naphthaleneacetic
acid (NAA) is a synthetic auxin that can be used in apple production to thin
fruit and reduce fruit drop soon before harvest. Under further information on
the usage of thinning products, go to Ontario.ca/apples and look for Thinning
of Tree Fruit.
Gibberellins
 Gibberellins (GA) increase cell elongation, shoot growth, and play a role in
dormancy regulation. It has been used to increase apple fruit size and
minimize russetting. In fruits, they are also used to delay ripening, increase
fruit firmness, and lengthen the harvest season. Gibberellins are utilized to
control blooming in tart cherries in order to minimize overproduction. It
prevents gibberellin biosynthesis. It has been used to change the morphology
of trees (apple and cherry) as well as regulate runner production in fruit.
Cytokinins
 Cell division is aided by cytokinins. Cytokinins have a role in branching and
bud initiation. They are utilized in fruits as fruit thinners.
Absicisic Acid
 Absicsic acid regulates water loss from plants by controlling the dormancy of
buds and seeds.
Ethylene
 Ethylene increases leaf and fruit abscission, inhibits shoot elongation, and
inhibits lateral bud growth. Ethylene is involved in the transformation of fruit
from physiologically mature to ripe in fruits. Is a synthetic chemical that,
when applied, emits ethylene. Retain inhibits ethylene production, allowing
fruit to linger on trees for longer and increasing storage life.

3. Where do these plant growth regulators come from? Discuss.

 These plant growth regulators are generally produced at the points of stems
and roots from where they are transported to other parts of the plants. These
plant hormones include both natural and synthetic sources.

4. What is the effect of smoke in mango trees?

 Mango producers have historically smeared plants to encourage blossoming
during the off-season. Building smokey fires beneath the trees and allowing
the thick smoke to flow through the forest canopy is known as smudging.
However, this method is time-consuming, incredibly unreliable, marginally
popular, and dangerous.
5. Draw/illustrate the formula for each of the plant growth regulators.

V. REFERENCES USED.
http://scinet.science.ph/union/ShowSearchResult.php?
s=2&f=&p=&x=&page=&sid=1&id=Chemical+induction+of+flowering+in+mango&
Mtype=ANALYTICS#:~:text=Mango%20growers%20have%20traditionally
%20smudged,not%20widely%20accepted%20and%20hazardous.
https://byjus.com/biology/plant-growth-regulators/#:~:text=These%20plant
%20growth%20regulators%20are,both%20natural%20and%20synthetic%20sources.